Up to 6 months of space residency, Shenzhou 13 astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu have done it perfectly, once again refreshing the record of Chinese astronauts staying, but there are still many gaps compared with the records of astronauts in the United States and Russia and other countries.
The 6-month space residency has once again verified the feasibility of Chinese space station technology, with a perfect life protection system, proving that the Chinese space station is very suitable for astronauts to work, study and live for a long time. These days, they are going home, and we are eagerly looking forward to the triumph of the space heroes.
Before returning home, the Shenzhou 13 astronauts increased their workload a lot more than usual, and there were more preparations to be done, physical exercise, cleaning up personal belongings, counting daily necessities, inspecting and maintaining the equipment and instruments in the cabin, sorting out experimental data, cleaning up domestic garbage, and not causing trouble for the next batch of astronauts stationed on the space station.
Shenzhou 13 astronauts eat and drink Lhasa all in the space station, the space station is not better than the commercial housing on the ground, the excrement is over with water, so they must deal with excrement, although many people try to avoid talking about this problem, but for astronauts, it is unavoidable.
Let's simply calculate an account, adults urinate about 1 liter per day, defecation about 250 grams, then, three adults urinate about 549 liters in 6 months, and defecation is about 130 kg.
Urine is very good to handle, because urine recovery is part of the space station's life protection system, whenever the space mill toilet is filled with a box of urine, it is automatically transferred to the urine treatment subsystem, after a series of complex treatments, using distillation separation technology, distilled water is combined with the water collected in other ways to transfer to the water treatment subsystem, and then after multi-layer filtration, impurity treatment and organic matter treatment into recyclable water.
At the beginning of the launch of the Chinese space station, mainland space experts have publicly said that in order to save water and reduce the cost of launch, the life protection system of the Chinese space station recycles urine, which sounds very unsightly, but in fact, after a series of complex treatments, the urine is cleaner than the tap water we commonly use.
In fact, the International Space Station also does this, an International Space Station astronaut once said: Today's coffee is tomorrow's coffee, which means that the coffee that astronauts drink today, tomorrow it will become the water you brew coffee again, did not expect this sentence to become a widely circulated quote.
Urine is solved, but solid excrement can not be solved by the above methods, over time, will accumulate more and more, 6 months can be as much as 130 kg, at this time, how should astronauts deal with it?
In fact, the "space toilet" automatically collects solid excrement into a special sealed barrel and temporarily stores it in the space station module, but the solid excrement cannot be stored in the space station module for a long time, one is because the space in the cabin is limited, and the other is afraid of a long time to produce odors, so every once in a while, the astronauts will transfer it to a special "garbage collection station".
Is there a "garbage collection bin" on the space station? Yes, there is indeed a "garbage collection station" on the space station, the cargo spacecraft is the garbage collection station of the astronauts, the garbage collection station of the Shenzhou 12 astronauts is the Tianzhou 2 cargo spacecraft, and the garbage collection station of the Shenzhou 13 astronauts is the Tianzhou 2 and Tianzhou 3 cargo spacecraft.
Discarded food packaging bags, discarded work items, old clothes and other domestic garbage are regularly put into the Tianzhou spacecraft by astronauts, 6 months of space residency, Shenzhou 13 astronauts must have produced a lot of space garbage, first pack these garbage into boxes, and then regularly put on the Tianzhou 3 cargo spacecraft.
The Tianzhou 2 cargo spacecraft left the space station in March this year and chose the opportunity to destroy it in the atmosphere, so that the Tianzhou 3 spacecraft will be destroyed a month before the return of the Shenzhou 14 astronauts, and now the Shenzhou 14 astronauts have not yet been launched, so the Tianzhou 3 spacecraft will become the "garbage recycling station" of the Shenzhou 14 astronauts.
Do you understand? Shenzhou 13 astronauts regularly transferred solid excreta to the Tianzhou spacecraft, and when the time came, the Tianzhou spacecraft would be destroyed in the atmosphere.
Long-term space residency, the astronaut's body has caused a great negative impact, in order to minimize the impact, in addition to reasonable diet and sleep, more importantly, to strengthen physical exercise, before this, astronauts exercise for about two hours a day, and now daily physical exercise is only afraid to increase to 3 to 4 hours.
Shenzhou 13 return module will land on the Dongfeng landing site, the rescue team on the Dongfeng landing site has been fully prepared, dozens of search and rescue vehicles and 3 search and rescue helicopters have been prepared, they will arrive at the landing site of the return module at the first time, carry out rescue operations, and prepare special seats for astronauts.
Astronauts from "microgravity" to "gravity", need a process of adaptation, it is likely that they will not even walk, so they need to sit on a special seat to meet everyone, you do not have to worry, after a period of rehabilitation, they can get back on their feet. Interesting scientific exploration content, please pay attention to the only WeChat public account: Interesting Exploration