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Recently, Professor Wolf Reik, head of the Cambridge laboratory of anti-aging company Altos Labs, led the team to develop a technology called instantaneous reprogramming in the mature stage, which made the 53-year-old skin cells nearly 30 years younger in just 13 days, and the cell function also approached the young cells. The findings were published on April 8 in the top scientific journal eLife.
The traditional reprogramming technique, namely induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), is to reprogram mature somatic cells to the stem cell state, but this is equivalent to restoring adults to the fetal state, and the acquired skills will also be lost, which is manifested in the loss of identity and function in the cell.
The mature instantaneous reprogramming technique used by the research team only performs a short period of instantaneous reprogramming, so that the cells become younger without returning to the stem cell state, and the original identity and function can still be restored after eliminating age-related changes.
In the experiment, after transient reprogramming of skin fibroblasts in middle-aged people, the methylation level of H3K9me3 histone and the level of DNA methylation in the cells showed significant improvement, similar to that of young skin fibroblasts at the age of 23, indicating that these cells regained vitality.
In addition to epigenetic improvements, these skin cells also functionally converge toward younger cells. Fibroblasts are involved in tissue structure formation and wound healing by producing collagen, but this ability decreases with age. After instantaneous reprogramming during the maturation phase, collagen levels within skin cells increase significantly and the ability to repair wounds is greatly improved.
In addition, the researchers also found that the APBA2 gene associated with Alzheimer's disease and the MAF gene associated with cataracts also became younger after reprogramming. This suggests that the technology can not only be used to reverse skin aging, but also is expected to treat age-related diseases, and the future can be expected.
—— TIMEPIE ——
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https://elifesciences.org/articles/71624