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As a collection of calligraphy and painting, more use of paper silk as a material, there is an old saying in the collection industry, "paper millennium, silk eight hundred", that is, the upper limit of the life of paper silk cultural relics, if well preserved, rice paper can have a life of more than a thousand years, on the contrary, if the maintenance is not good, it is easy to damage, affecting its collection value.
Qing Hua's "Ink Bamboo" vertical axis
Generally, it is not suitable for families to hang paintings for too long, because every painting and calligraphy is alive, you imagine a person, if it has been supported, it will be very hard, so generally hanging for two or three months to take it down to dry, and then put it away, the collection will have a long life. Even framed paintings are not suitable for long-term hanging, because moisture will seep into the paintings through the frame.
Whether it is the frame or the hanging shaft, can not resist the strong humidity of spring, a painting, if the maintenance is not right, up to five or six years, fast two or three years will be moldy, remediation will be difficult, so learn the correct maintenance method is the most important.
Wang Xuetao Flower and bird works
1 Avoid direct light from bright light
When appreciating calligraphy and painting, it is necessary to avoid direct sunlight, the intensity of light should also be controlled, and the treasures of calligraphy and painting are best placed in the middle of the capsule to be stored in the shade, and do not easily see the light.
Li Ke dyes the mirror heart of "YingChun Tu"
2 Clean the calligraphy and painting dust regularly
Regularly clean up the dust to avoid too much dust to pollute the content of calligraphy and paintings, and ensure the cleanliness of calligraphy and paintings.
Fu Baoshi "Qu Yuan"
3 Moisture and insect repellent: Newspapers have a wonderful use
Almost all collectors mention that among all the ways to prevent moisture, newspapers can be described as a "tool" that is easy to use and simple. The newspaper itself has the function of absorbing moisture, and its ink can prevent insects, killing two birds with one stone.
However, in the process of wrapping the paintings and calligraphy in newspapers, there are some details worth noting. It is suggested that qualified collectors can spread out a piece of calligraphy and painting in the cabinet, each of which is first covered with a piece of rice paper and then spread a newspaper, which is added up in turn; collectors without conditions can paint the book up, when rolling, afraid of the lead powder of the newspaper decolorizing and polluting the picture, they can first wrap a layer of rice paper, and then take the newspaper bag; or find a wooden stick as the axis, the wood is best treated after treatment, it is not easy to produce insects, so that the roll up painting will not be folded.
For famous works, the collection does not fold this is particularly important, if the picture is folded, the time is not easy to fade, the formation of black marks, can not restore the flat and perfect picture, serious may also need to bleach, will make the collection value of the collection greatly reduced.
Zhang Daqian's "Drunken Pavilion"
4 Air conditioners for home moisture protection
In fact, the most effective protection for calligraphy and painting is to open the air conditioner, not higher than 22 ° C, nor less than 18 ° C, 20 ° C is the most appropriate. Humidity is at 55% at the most moderate, up to 60%, minimum not less than 50%. In the museum, the temperature and humidity are generally maintained.
For the general collector, the condition of constant temperature and humidity is unlikely to be achieved, but it can be adjusted with air conditioning, and when hanging pictures indoors, attention should be paid to closing doors and windows, and the air conditioner is opened once or twice a day to dehumidify, each time for about two hours.
Feng Zikai "Buy Rice Dumplings"
5 Do not scratch the drawing
Calligraphy and paintings should not be too hard to open and close, do not directly touch the work with your hands when appreciating calligraphy and painting, and wear gloves to avoid the paintings from being contaminated by sweat stains and scratching nails.
Zhang Daqian, "Lotus Flower"
6 Do not touch the water
Paper is very easy to absorb water, once the water absorption will cause damage to the paper, so that it will greatly reduce the value of calligraphy and painting.
Bai Xueshi "Yangshuo Scenery Through the Rock"
7 There is a knack for sealing calligraphy and painting in camphor wood boxes
Many collectors seal their calligraphy and painting works in boxes, which is a common method of painting and calligraphy collection. The texture of the chest varies depending on the conditions of each family and each collector. According to reports, the general art museum, museum has constant temperature and humidity conditions, usually with iron cabinet storage, the general family is recommended to use wooden boxes, such as wardrobe cabinets, chests of drawers, etc., more high-end and valuable calligraphy and paintings can use camphor wood boxes.
Camphor wood boxes originally had the effect of preventing insects, but they could not do it for a long time. Putting lime and charcoal can be isolated. Inside the paintings and calligraphy is a dark grid, about four or five centimeters, but also camphor wood board, in the box between the four sides of the sandwich can put charcoal or quicklime, three or five years to change once, the moisture absorption effect is better.
So that there is no camphor wood box, collectors can also use the general wooden cabinet, which places mothballs can also achieve the purpose of insect prevention, the trick is that mothballs should be wrapped in bags, and then poke the packaging bag with needles, these small holes can better emit the smell of moth. The boxes for calligraphy and paintings should be placed as high as possible, and some newspapers could be spread on the top of the cabinets.
Lin Songnian "Southern Lychee Red"
8 Where are the paintings and calligraphy hangings least susceptible to moisture
It is also important to hang calligraphy and paintings in the living room, and try not to hang them in the kitchen, bathroom and other places that are easy to get wet. Another trick is that when hanging, do not stick to the wall, it is best to use wooden boards, rubber pads and other things in the four corners of the frame periphery to raise slightly, so that the distance between the scroll and the wall is about five centimeters.
For collectors with a large number of collections, if there is a condition to use a room to place the collections, there is also a simple maintenance of the "soil method": find a container, put the edible white vinegar into it, light a small fire below, like the small fire of the restaurant to make kung fu tea, you can smell the vinegar on the line, from morning to night, close the doors and windows, this is the most sterile method. It can also be used for fumigation with sterilization and insecticides, or by sandwiching anti-mildew sterilization paper in calligraphy and painting.
Pu Xinshe landscape works
9 What to do if you get wet
In the humid climate environment in the south, even if sufficient maintenance efforts are done, the dampness of calligraphy and painting is difficult to completely avoid, what is the remedy after the moisture?
Even if there is a constant temperature and humidity, the paintings and calligraphy in the museum will also be affected by water vapor, family paintings are more difficult to avoid, if you find that the paintings and calligraphy have mildew spots, you can first use rice paper to gently sweep the surface to see if you can remove, if you can not be framed, because the mold will slowly encroach, and finally form a large piece, the harm to calligraphy and painting is very great. "But the unveiling is best not to be carried out in the spring, and it is more suitable in the autumn, at least in July and August." After taking it out, it is necessary to 'wash the painting', after a complex set of procedures, the unframed is always harmful to the painting, so it should be tried to prevent mold. ”
After the painting and calligraphy are unframed, if you find that there is a lot of water vapor, you must open the air conditioner to dehumidify, but you must not bask in the sun, because the rice paper will become brittle when it sees the sun, and it will break when it becomes brittle, and it can only be dried slowly.
Bada Shanren works
10 Framed and collected for a long time
In the process of calligraphy and painting collection, mounting is one of the most important links, and the quality of mounting directly affects the preservation life of calligraphy and painting.
In the course of the year, the fastest time to frame is winter, which is now the longest time, but this time is the best. There is a procedure for mounting the painting, first holding the heart, and then going up to the wall to dry. Usually it takes one day to paint the heart, it takes 14 days to remove it after going up the wall, even the first day to paint the heart, the next day to stick, and it takes a total of 16 days to connect. So, if the framer says he can give it to you soon, most of them are fooling you. Only after a complete 14 days of heaven and wall, the fibers of the paper are tired enough to be fully shaped, so that the collection of calligraphy and paintings will have a long life. Nor should collectors urge framers to hurry up. When it is cold in winter, the mounting should be very careful, to control it not to dry too quickly, there must be 14 days, so if you frame the painting now, it is the best.
In the process of mounting calligraphy and paintings, the quality of the paste has a great influence on the quality of the painting and calligraphy mounting, and the selection of raw materials for making paste will have an impact on the quality of the paste. They are: made of ordinary corn starch and stone cauliflower, the latter belongs to marine plants, the price of the paste made with it is 5 times that of the general paste, and the calligraphy and painting framed with it are better, more insect-proof, and softer.
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