The Jin Sui Army was a local powerful warlord throughout the Republic of China period, which lasted nearly thirty years from the Xinhai Revolution in 1911 to the Battle of Taiyuan in 1949. At the height of its power, it occupied the area of Shanxi, Suiyuan, Hebei Beiping-Tianjin, supported more than 200,000 troops in ten armies, and built the Taiyuan Arsenal, one of the three major arsenals of the Republic of China. Among the local powerful warlords, they belong to the one with better equipment but weak combat effectiveness. He participated in a series of important battles in the Northern Expedition, the Central Plains War, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and the War of Liberation.
Territory of the Jin Sui Army in 1930
Early territory of the Jin Sui Army
This article selects the top ten figures of the Jinsui Military and Political Group to introduce.
One. Supreme Commander - Yan Xishan (October 8, 1883 – May 23, 1960), also known as Baichuan, Bochuan, Longchi, Han chinese, native of Hebian Village, Wutai County, Shanxi, graduated from the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School, a first-class general in the National Army of the Republic of China (and its predecessor, the National Revolutionary Army), the leader of the Beiyang Warlord Jin Clan, and served as the president of the Executive Yuan, the minister of national defense, and the senior minister of the Presidential Office.
During the Beiyang government, he supported Yuan Shikai's claim to the throne. In the nineteenth year of the Republic of China (1930), he joined forces with Feng Yuxiang and Li Zongren to overthrow Chiang Kai-shek, and fled to Dalian after his defeat. After the "918 Incident", he supported Chiang Kai-shek's policy of non-resistance. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, a two-sided policy was adopted. In 1949, he went to Taiwan. He died in Taipei in 1960 at the age of 77.
Two. The first civil official, Zhao Daiwen (1866-1943), was an ancestor of Jumayi (present-day Shuozhou), who moved to Dongye Town, Wutai County at the end of the Ming Dynasty. In order to pass through the Buddhist resort of WutaiShan Qingliang, Zhao Daiwen also called himself Qingliangshan. Confucian, member of the League, member of the Kuomintang, one of the main leaders of the Xinhai Uprising in Shanxi.
Yan Xishan's military master, prime minister, and elder brother. He was an advocate of the Shanxi Defensive Resistance And the organization of the Shanxi League. He is the chairman of the Shanxi Provincial Government, the minister of internal affairs of the National Government, and the president of supervision. After the Republic of China, the figures who came from the military and political circles in Shanxi were all his students.
Three. Loyal staff officer - Yang Aiyuan (1886-1959), zi xingru, no. gefei, a native of Wutai County, Shanxi Province, a second-class general of the National Revolutionary Army. After graduating from the Baoding Military Academy, he is better at training troops and shorter than combat.
Although there were no special achievements, because he was a fellow villager of Yan Xishan and loyal and honest, he had always been a concubine of Yan Xishan's concubines, successively serving as a supervisor for Shang Zhen and Xu Yongchang, and was the chairman of Chahar Province, the deputy commander-in-chief of the World War II region, and after 1949 escorted Yan Xishan's property to Taiwan.
Yang Aiyuan was the main general of the Jin army. After more than thirty years of following Yan Xishan, through the development, growth and decline of the Jin Sui Army, he successively served as the commander of the army, the commander-in-chief of the group army, the deputy commander of the Second Theater, the deputy director of the Taiyuan Appeasement Office, and the chairman of the Chahar Provincial Government. He was awarded the Order of the Cloud Of the Second Class, the Order of the Cloud of the First Class, the Baoding Medal of the Second Class, the Baoding Medal of the First Class, the Victory Medal, and the Order of Loyalty.
Four. The first general, Fu Zuoyi (27 June 1895 – 19 April 1974), courtesy name Yisheng, was a native of Ronghe, Shanxi (present-day Anchang Village, Sunji Town, Linyi County, Shanxi Province), and a general of the National Revolutionary Army.
In 1910, he entered the Taiyuan Army Primary School. In 1911, he participated in the Xinhai Revolution. In 1915, he entered the Fifth Infantry Section of Baoding Military Academy. After 1924, he served as the commander of the Eighth Regiment of the Fourth Brigade of the Jin Army and the commander of the Fourth Division. In 1927, he participated in the Northern Expedition. In the following year, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Fifth Army of the Third Army and commander of the Tianjin Garrison. In 1930, he participated in the Central Plains War and was stationed in Suiyuan after his defeat. In 1931, he served as the commander of the 35th Army of the Jin Sui Army and the chairman of the Suiyuan Provincial Government.
In early November 1936, the Battle of the Bailing Temple was launched and the puppet army in Suiyuan was eliminated, thwarting the Japanese army's plot to invade Suiyuan in the west. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as commander-in-chief of the Seventh Army. During the Liberation War, he served as the commander of the "Suppression General" in North China. In January 1949, it led to the peaceful liberation of Beijing.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he successively served as a member of the Central People's Government, the Minister of Water Resources and the Minister of Water Resources and Electric Power, the vice chairman of the Fourth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and the vice chairman of the National Defense Commission He served as the minister of the Ministry of Water Resources (later the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power) for 22 years, and made important contributions to the development of water conservancy in New China.
Five. First Secretary - Jia Jingde, (1880-1960), Zi Yu Jia, Tao Yuan, Shanxi Qinshui people, Qing Guangxu five years old. Yi Shi Miao, young inherit family learning, extensive scriptures.
In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), he was raised in chinese style and became a jinshi the following year. Serving the official Shandong, he successively served as Tancheng, Zhaoyuan and other counties. In the first year of Xuan reunification (1909), he served as the chief of staff of the civil affairs officials of the Heilongjiang Inspectorate to investigate the situation in the northeast. After entering the Republic of China, he successively served as Daoyin of Yanmen, Shanxi, the secretary of the Governor's Office, the director of the Supervision and Administration Department, the chief of police, and the Xiang Office of the Tongpu Railway Construction Headquarters. In the past thirty years, in addition to one of the officials in Shandong for a short period of time, he has served as the secretary general of the Shanxi Military Bureau for the longest time, and his reputation is full of three jin.
In 1912, he was appointed secretary and supervisor of the Shanxi Governor's Office, Shanxi Waterway Observation Envoy, and Director of the Military and Political Law Enforcement Department of Northern Jinbei. After the Xinhai Revolution, he followed Yan Xishan and became Yan Xishan's secretary. In 1917, he was appointed director of the Government Affairs Department of the Shanxi Provincial Government. In 1924, he was appointed director of the Zhengtai Railway Bureau. In 1928, he was appointed Secretary General of the General Headquarters of the Pingjin Garrison. In 1926, he was appointed Secretary-General of the Third Army of the National Revolutionary Army. In 1932, he became the secretary general of the Taiyuan Appeasement Office. In 1939, he was appointed as a member of the Party and Government Evaluation Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. In 1941, he was appointed Minister of the Ministry of Propaganda of the National Government. In 1946, he was appointed as a delegate to the "Constituent National Convention". In 1948, he was appointed vice president of the Examination Institute and a member of the Central Supervision Commission of the Kuomintang of China. In 1949, he went to Taiwan and served as the vice president of the "Executive Yuan". In June of the same year, he was transferred to the Secretary-General of the Executive Yuan. In 1952, he was appointed as the second president of the "Examination Institute" and was elected "Deputy to the National Congress". In 1954, he was appointed "Senior Counsellor of the Presidential Office". In 1960, he was appointed to the Central Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. He was a member of the Kuomintang Central Supervision Commission and a member of the Central Committee Review Committee. He died in 1960. He was 80 years old.
Six. Political High Counselor - Nan Guixin (1884-1968), Zi Peilan, Shanxi Ningwuren, modern Chinese democratic revolutionary, The Republic of China period Zonghengjia.
In his early years, he was introduced by Gu Sishen to join the China League. In 1906, he went to Japan to study, and in 1908, he returned to China, where he was received by Yan Xishan and recommended to join the New Army as a clerk in the 85th Bid. After the Taiyuan Uprising of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, Nan Guixin and Zhang Shuzhi quarreled with each other, and eventually Yan Xishan became the governor of the Shanxi military government. After the success of the Xinhai Revolution, Nan Guixin served as a patrol officer in Shanxi. Before and after the Northern Expedition, Yan Xishan sent Nan Guixin to Beijing to mediate between various forces. In 1928, he became the mayor of Tianjin. In 1930, he was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as a senior adviser to the General Headquarters, a legislator, and a guide committee.
After 1949, he served as a director of the United Bank and a member of the Shanxi Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. In his later years, he settled in Beijing and died of illness in 1968.
Seven. The First Agent- Liang Huazhi (16 December 1906 – 24 April 1949) was a native of Shijiawan Village, Dingxiang County, Shanxi. Graduated from the Department of Literature of Shanxi University. Shortly after graduation, he became Yan Xishan's confidential secretary. In 1936, he was appointed as the director general of the "Comrades Association for Self-Improvement and National Salvation", and in September of the same year, he was appointed as the director general of the "Self-Improvement and National Salvation Comrades Association", advocating anti-Japanese resistance, in charge of the party and government in Shanxi, in 1948 he was appointed as the chief of the special police department, in 1949 he was appointed as the acting chairman of Shanxi Province, and on April 24, 1949, Taiyuan was liberated, and Liang Huazhi committed suicide by taking medicine in the provincial government.
Eight. His confidant Wang Jingguo (1893-1952), a native of Wutai County, Shanxi, was a member of the Yan Xishan clan of the Jin Dynasty, based in Baotou, and his influence expanded to Guyang and Dongsheng, Linhe, Wuyuan, Northern Anhui. In this vast and fertile land, the Triangle of Wuyuan, Guyang, and Dongsheng was used as the military focus to develop political and economic forces. Wang Jingguo's troops have been stationed in Baotou for 10 years and have had a certain impact on the military, political, economic, cultural, educational, and public health fields.
In 1934, Wang Jingguo was promoted to the commander of the Nineteenth Army, with great power and power, and was known as the "King of Suixi". In 1949, during the Battle of Taiyuan, Yan Xishan ordered Wang Jingguo to be one of the main generals of the defending city, Wang Jingguo vowed to coexist and die with Taiyuan, and the communist army approached the city, but still insisted on resisting, and on April 24, he was captured by the People's Liberation Army. He died in 1952 at the War Criminals Management Center.
Nine. Sun Chu (1886--1962), a general of the Jin Sui Army during the Republic of China, commander of the Eighth Army, and general of Yan Xishan's army, was captured during the liberation of Taiyuan.
In 1914, he was promoted from a probationary platoon commander in the Yan Army to the commander of the 33rd Division in 1928. Without the consent of the Central Committee of the National Revolutionary Army, Yan Xishan privately conferred on Sun Chu and three others the rank of general. Sun Chu was the first Yan general to fight against the Northern Red Army, and blocked the Red Army's Eastern Expedition on the yellow river line in Linxian County. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Sun Chu was promoted to commander-in-chief of the Sixth Group Army, and after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as the commander-in-chief of the Eighth Group Army and concurrently served as the deputy director of the Taiyuan Appeasement Office.
In November 1948, Sun Chu was appointed commander of the Kuomintang 15th Corps, and was captured a few months later in the Battle of Taiyuan. He spent 12 spring and autumn in the War Criminals Management Center, was pardoned in the winter of 1961, and died of illness a few months later at the age of 72.
Ten. Xu Yongchang (December 15, 1887 – July 12, 1959), a native of Kunxian County, Shanxi, was a famous military figure during the Republic of China period, a first-class general of the National Revolutionary Army, the commander-in-chief of the Jin Sui Army in the Central Plains War, and one of the four giants of the Military Commission during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. During the Jin Sui Army, whether it was in foreign wars or aftermath of defeat, both loyalty and ability were exemplary.
Xu Yongchang was born in the Army University, participated in the Yuan Rebellion, the Northern Expedition of the National Revolutionary Army, held many important positions in the Kuomintang Army, and served as the military commander of the Kuomintang Military Commission in the War of Resistance Against Japan. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1945, Xu Yongchang accepted the surrender of the Japanese government on behalf of the Chinese government aboard the USS Missouri. He died in Taipei on July 12, 1959, at the age of 72.