First of all, let's look at the division of Peking Opera Danjiao.
Peking Opera Danjiao can be divided into Zhengdan, Huadan, Daomadan, Wudan, Huayi, Laodan, Caidan and so on. Among them, Hua Dan mostly plays young women; Dao Ma Dan mostly plays young and middle-aged women who are good at martial arts; Wu Dan plays women who are good at martial arts and brave martial arts; Hua Dan is a dan horn type that is developed by synthesizing the artistic characteristics of QingYi, Hua Dan and Dao Ma Dan; Cai Dan, commonly known as ugly women, is a comedic role based on workmanship, performance and makeup are exaggerated, and is a comedy role based on funny and witty performances.
Peking Opera Tsing Yi
We will not elaborate on these aspects one by one, but focus on Zhengdan and Laodan.
Zhengdan, commonly known as "Qingyi", is named because the characters she plays often wear blue pleats, she mainly plays a solemn young, middle-aged woman, the performance is characterized by singing skills, the range of movements is small, and the action is relatively stable.
Lao Dan Peking Opera characters
Lao Dan, is a profession dedicated to playing the role of elderly women, her appearance, body, and steps are different from those of Qingyi, mainly highlighting the characteristics of the elderly, singing with this voice, singing voice close to Lao Sheng, but with a feminine and roundabout charm.
1. Most of the Lao Dan art is Li Duokui's Li School, and the artistic level of Li Mingyan and Lan Wenyun (Lan Dagu) is obviously higher than that of Zhao Baoxiu and Yuan Huiqin.
Gong Yunfu
As we all know, the development of Peking Opera LaoDan art so far is inseparable from two key figures, namely Gong Yunfu and Li Duokui. Li Duokui's teacher Chengluo Fushan and Gong Yunfu's private shu show that Li Duokui's Li School art is closely related to Gong Yunfu's Gong School art.
Li Jinquan
Talking about several old Dan masters, whether it is Li Mingyan, Lan Wenyun, or Yuan Huiqin and Zhao Baoxiu, they are inextricably linked to Li Duokui's Li School art. However, Yuan Huiqin and Zhao Baoxiu did not directly teach Mr. Li Duokui, but worshiped under Li Jinquan. Although Li Jinquan has also learned Lao Dan performance from Li Duokui, after all, Li Jinquan is also an Old Dan person, and it is inevitable that he will have his own hair and processing in the process of teaching, so to Yuan Huiqin and Zhao Baoxiu, the art of Lao Dan is still not Li Pai to be questioned.
Li Mingyan
Lan Wen Yun
From the comprehensive point of view of teacher inheritance, Li Mingyan and Lan Wenyun's Li Pai art is more pure, Zhao Baoxiu and Yuan Huiqin have more reform and innovation, and the audience's recognition is low.
2. From the perspective of Lao Dan's vocal cavity and performance characteristics, Li Mingyan and Lan Wenyun are more like Lao Dan, and Zhao Baoxiu and Yuan Huiqin are more like Old Qingyi.
Lao Dan's performance requires actors to use high-pitched singing voices, deep chanting, and calm movements to express the characters, and to use Ben'er's voice when singing.
Moreover, I personally believe that a good Lao Dan actor, singing skills are crucial, which is not only required to have a high-pitched good voice, the key is to have a decay, only in this way, Lao Dan's performance is in line with the characteristics of the role of "old". If you blindly pursue high-pitched, then you can't call the complete Old Dan, then you will become an old soprano.
Zhao Baoxiu
Speaking of this, I just want to explain that Zhao Baoxiu and Yuan Huiqin's Lao Dan performances are too high-pitched and bright in the singing voice, forgetting the characteristics of "decay", and playing the seventy- and eighty-year-old lady into a 40- or 50-year-old mother, which has lost the standard of lao Dan art, and most of the audience cannot accept it.
Yuan Huiqin
At the same time, without the "fading tone", there is no singing cavity characteristics, such an old Dan is difficult to impress the audience's ears, to put it bluntly, the singing is not at all tasteless, who can like, let alone do the work.
Therefore, here I want to divide the above several Lao Dan artists into two files, Li Mingyan and Lan Wenyun are better, followed by Zhao Baoxiu and Yuan Huiqin.
3. Why is the art of Li Mingyan and Lan Wenyun better, and are there any differences between them and their high and low?
Li Mingyan inherited Li Duokui, and is the righteous daughter of Li Duokui, and has studied Lao Dan art with Mr. Li Duokui for many years, which can be said to be personally taught by himself, which is quite the true inheritance of Li Pai's art. In addition, Li Mingyan personally works harder and has studied Li Pai art very deeply, so it is not an exaggeration to call Li Mingyan the current big sister of Li Pai art. Whether it is from the artistic level or personality, Teacher Li Mingyan is definitely worthy of this title. No shelves, good stuff, no ostentatiousness, this is the great Peking Opera actor in my mind.
Mr. Kang Wansheng (left) and Teacher Li Mingyan (right)
Lan Wenyun (Lan Dagu) is purely a grandfather who appreciates rice and eats, and his "artistic line is old-fashioned, the charm is mellow, and the spirit is complete, and it is completed in one go." Runlu is not only delicate and simple, but also full of pregnant character feelings, which can be described as allegorical and emotional. Mr. Yuan Shihai has said more than once, "Really good, really good, quite a li duoye's style", personally think these evaluations are very fair, Lan Dagu's Li Pai art is indeed very gripping, let people never forget. However, it is a pity that Aunt Lan did not receive Mr. Li Duokui's personal transmission for the first time, and in recent years, due to physical reasons, she has no longer appeared on the stage. Therefore, I put Aunt Lan behind Teacher Li Mingyan, not to say that Aunt Lan's artistic level is not good, the key is that Aunt Lan's art has not been well inherited and developed, which is a little regrettable.
Why do the audience especially like Teacher Lan Wenyun?
I think this is mainly because it is related to Aunt Lan's singing style.
She is old enough to sing, and her singing voice is quite similar to Mr. Li Duokui, which is just in line with the characteristics of Lao Dan in the hearts of fans, so she is loved by the audience. In recent years, for some reasons, it has rarely appeared on stage, and it has to be said that it is a major regret for the majority of theater fans.
Just as there are a thousand Hamlets in the eyes of a thousand people, different people have different views on the four teachers, the above is just my personal opinion, the opinions are different, welcome to discuss!
The above content comes from the headline number "My name is Lu Xiaotao" and the headline Q&A "Listen to the drama and listen to the drama" answer part, thanks to the author!