Human beings are the only intelligent life on the earth today, in our view, we are the ultimate in biological evolution, so if one day human beings become extinct, can nature still produce new human beings through evolution?
It's hard, because basically we're the only and last kind of intelligent life on Earth. Earth is a precious habitable planet, but the birth and development of life on the earth is not an easy thing, in the past 3.5 billion years, life on the earth has crossed many tribulations, and finally led to wisdom and civilization, biological mass extinction events in the history of the earth can be described as common, of which the most famous is five times. The causes of each mass extinction are different, but they can be summarized as "fusion of the living environment", whether it is a supervolcano eruption or an extraterrestrial planet impact, which ultimately triggers the extinction by changing the Earth's environment.
Although the five mass extinctions in the history of the earth are terrible, none of them can exterminate all the creatures on the earth, and there are always creatures that have stubbornly survived and become seeds of hope, which naturally also contains the ancestors of human beings.
Some people say that the ancestors of humans were Australopithecus, so the history of humans is about 3 million years; others say that the ancestors of humans were small mammals that lived in the same period as dinosaurs, that is, the Purgatori monkey, so the history of human beings has been 65 million years. But in fact, human beings have really existed for much longer than this, and it is precisely because of the uninterrupted continuation and development of life for 3.5 billion years that the intelligent life of human beings has finally been born. Therefore, from the germination of life to the birth of wisdom, it takes much longer than we think.
Today, mankind has the blessing of science and technology, and it is very difficult to be completely extinct.
Some people say that the impact of an asteroid can wipe out humans, but the possibility is not very likely. Now humans can already closely monitor small celestial bodies whose trajectory is threatened, if there are really some asteroids of several hundred meters to visit the earth, we are fully capable of destroying them, and those who are larger, such as asteroids with a diameter of more than 10 kilometers, the probability of them hitting the earth is very low, about 100 million years will occur once, even if it does happen, we can also change its trajectory through impact, at least we can break it into dozens of asteroid fragments. They may also fall to Earth, killing millions of people, but they will never be able to completely wipe out the entire human race.
Some people say that the power of nature is beyond the reach of human beings, so if the earth's environment changes suddenly, human beings may suffer catastrophe.
Under the blessing of modern science and technology, the ability of human beings to adapt to the natural environment has reached an unprecedented height, if under the existing conditions, the mutation of the environment can also lead to the complete extinction of human beings, there is only one situation, that is, the livable environment of the earth does not exist at all, all living things are extinct together, if this is the case, then the earth wants to give birth to intelligent life, it must start again, even if everything goes well, I am afraid that it will be another 3.5 billion years, unfortunately the earth may not have so much time. All of Earth's energy comes from the Sun, and the star, called the Sun, could move from hydrogen fusion to helium fusion in 3 billion years.
In the process of the sun's transition from hydrogen fusion to helium fusion, there will be a celestial activity called "helium flash", which instantly releases huge energy, completely destroys the earth's ecology, and then expands continuously, eventually engulfing the earth's orbit.
Therefore, if the earth is restored to a lifeless planet, everything starts from scratch, I am afraid that there will be no time to give birth to intelligent life. Even if the process of evolution is slightly faster, the newly born intelligent civilization is not capable of completing interstellar migration under the sudden change of the sun, so it still faces the fate of collapse again. Moreover, the emergence of intelligent life is not the goal of the evolutionary path, it is only a coincidence on the evolutionary path. Why did organisms evolve? In order to better adapt to the environment, of course, this process of adaptation is not active, but passive.
The essence of evolution is the mutation of genes, the beneficial mutations will be retained, and the harmful mutations will be eliminated by nature.
On the road of evolution, an accidental mutation has put people and apes on two completely different evolutionary paths, these two roads are not superior or inferior, they are able to adapt well to the environment, they have gone to the extreme in their respective evolutionary directions, people will not become apes, apes will not become people. However, the emergence of such branches is not inevitable, if there are no branches here, and only apes and no humans are born in the world, which is not surprising, the earth is still a living planet. Therefore, even if there is enough time, even if the sun does not change in any way, the earth may not be able to give birth to intelligent life again, because everything is accidental, at least for the time being.