Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which is a physiologically neutral fertilizer with good water solubility, is preferred for foliar potassium fertilizers because it contains 52% phosphorus (P2O5), 34% potassium (K2O), and more than 80% utilization.
First, the specific role of potassium dihydrogen phosphate:
1. Promote nitrogen and phosphorus absorption
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can promote the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by crops, quickly supplement phosphorus, improve crop yield and 1,000 grain weight, and play a special role in the special physiological period of crops.
2. Promote photosynthesis
Potassium enhances crop photosynthesis and accelerates nutrient manufacturing and transformation during crop growth.
3. Improve crop stress resistance
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can improve the stress resistance of crops, such as drought resistance, dry and hot wind resistance, flood resistance, frost resistance, damage resistance to healing, resistance to disease bacteria infection, etc.
4. Improve the quality of fruit
Spraying during the expansion stage of the fruit can play a role in preserving the fruit, promoting the expansion of the fruit, improving the quality of the fruit, increasing the coloring, improving the taste, etc.
5. Regulate crop growth
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate has the role of a regulator, which can promote crop flower bud differentiation, increase the number of flowers, flower buds are strong, strong flowers and fruit preservation, improve fruit set, and can also effectively promote the growth and development of root systems.
Second, the identification method of true and false potassium dihydrogen phosphate
1. Identify from the packaging
(1) The packaging must be marked with Chinese character potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and there should be a detailed factory name, plant address, telephone, and implementation standard number. Others such as "composite type", "improved type", "potassium dihydrogen phosphate type" and so on are not genuine.
(2) Liquid potassium dihydrogen phosphate circulating in the bottle on the market, it does not meet the "appearance of white crystal or powder" requirements on the HG2321-92 standard from the shape, and in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, there is no liquid potassium dihydrogen phosphate this product, is not the real potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
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(3) In the description, it is indicated that the product is composed of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and even contains high-tech terms such as boron, zinc, iron, regulators (hormones), growth factors, rare earths, etc., which are not genuine. As we all know, potassium dihydrogen phosphate only contains phosphorus, potassium, and does not contain nitrogen, trace elements, etc., and there is no I, II. type, compound in the national standard, so the composition content of the label "nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium", "compound", "containing trace elements", "rare earth", "complex" potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be regarded as fake.
(4) There is no potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a content of less than 98%, because the regular neutralization method produces potassium dihydrogen phosphate, as long as it is not a production accident, the products that come out are above 98%.
2. Identify from the product
(1) Take a little heating on the iron sheet, dissolve into a transparent liquid, and solidify into a translucent glass-like substance after cooling for the real thing. If it is burned, if it smells of ammonia, it is a counterfeit product, because the real product does not contain nitrogen. If the appearance is white crystal or powder, take a small amount in the sun, the properties and color do not change basically can be considered genuine, if the change is doubtful.
(2) Take a glass, pour half a cup of warm water, put edible sodium bicarbonate ["baking soda", "baking soda powder"] into the water, and then stir until the soda ash is completely dissolved, take 10 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the soda ash solution, if there is a large number of bubbles coming out, that is, the real thing, if there is a large number of flocculent precipitation or other reactions, it means that they are counterfeit and inferior products.
Third, the scope of application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate:
Citrus, watermelon, apple, pear, grape, hawthorn, banana, mango, lychee, longan, dates, kiwifruit, strawberry, dragon fruit, cherry, fig, blueberry, buffona, passion fruit, rice, wheat, corn, cotton, soybean, peanut, loofah, tomato, carob, eggplant, pepper, spinach, leek, potato, edible mushroom, medicinal herbs, flowers, lawn, tea, tobacco, etc.
Fourth, the correct use of potassium dihydrogen phosphate:
1. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be soaked, dipped in roots, foliar spraying and topdressing. Due to its relatively high price, it is not recommended to use base fertilizer.
2. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is generally sprayed on foliar surfaces. In the middle and late stages of crop growth and development, sprayed 2-3 times, each time at an interval of 7-10 days, the fertilizer dilution concentration is between 2000 times and 6000 times according to different crop species and growth period.
3, the best period of spraying: choose to spray in the critical period or peak period of crop phosphorus and potassium absorption, the best effect, than if the tree in the flower bud differentiation stage and young fruit to the coloring period, in order to achieve better results, so that the buds are fat, the fruit is expanded, the color is uniform, and the disease and insect pests are reduced.
4. Spraying method: Spraying is mainly based on the back of the leaves, especially the leaves near the fruit, and the spraying is uniform.
5. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate spraying time: it should avoid the noon high temperature period, the general temperature is 13 °C-27 °C, and the relative humidity of the air is more than 65%, and the effect is better. During the day, the leaves mainly undergo photosynthesis, and the stomata absorb less moisture.
6. Flushing: dilution multiples of 1500 times to 2000 times are uniformly irrigated in the roots of crops, which can be used for flushing, irrigation, dew irrigation, drip irrigation, etc.
7. Soak seed mixing: dilute the concentration of 2000 times to soak the seeds for 18-20 hours and then dry them and sow them. The solution used for soaking seeds can still be used for foliar spraying or root irrigation. 0.5-1% aqueous solution to mix seeds, after 2-4 hours can be sown.
8. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is a total water-soluble fertilizer, which is soluble in water, please store it in a cool and dry place. Please seal the bag if it is not used.
9, mixing situation: potassium dihydrogen phosphate can not only be mixed with other trace elements fertilizers or bactericidal insecticides, etc., but also can play a synergistic role, 0.5% -1% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution pH between 4.6-6, will not cause the so-called precipitation.
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Fifth, potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixing pays attention to: three advocates, three prohibitions.
1. Three advocates:
(1) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and some nitrogen fertilizers, micro-fertilizers and pesticides are reasonably mixed, which can save labor and increase fertilizer efficiency and medicinal effect.
In the field where crop growth is poor and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are deficient, mixed application is implemented, and the appropriate concentration of urea liquid is generally required to be 0.5%-1%.
(2) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and boron fertilizer are mixed. In boron deficiency and boron fertilizer effective crops, the yield increase effect of mixed application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and boron fertilizer was remarkable, and the concentration of boron fertilizer was 0.05%-0.1%.
(3) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed in combination with dimethoate, octylthion and pyrethroid pesticides. It can also be mixed with some growth hormones, such as naphthaleneacetic acid and chlorhenin.
(4) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate only provides phosphorus and potassium elements, and it is recommended to apply jiamei dividend, brain platinum, hyipal and other package nutrition before crop flowering and expansion stage, supplementing nitrogen, boron, calcium, copper, zinc and other comprehensive and sufficient nutrition, promoting the development of flower organs, improving fruit set rate, and coloring and sweetening of the expansion fruit.
2. Three prohibitions:
(1) Products that are alkaline in themselves should not be mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, such as Bordeaux liquid, copper hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate PH is about 4.6, which is acidic, and alkaline fertilizers and pesticides will be mixed with chemical reactions, and abnormal phenomena such as flocculation, precipitation, discoloration, heating, and bubbles will occur, which will lead to the failure of potassium dihydrogen phosphate function at this time.
(2) Products containing carbonate (CO3-) should not be mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate. BECAUSE the hydrogen ions of carbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate react to generate CO2 gas. For example, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and so on.
(3) Products that react with phosphate should not be mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Because this kind of product will react with phosphate ions to produce flocculation and precipitation, such as calcium, magnesium, zinc products. The zinc manganese, alum and manganese zinc of the pesticide should not be mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Finally, the majority of growers are reminded: to buy high-purity potassium dihydrogen phosphate produced by regular manufacturers, the absorption utilization rate is high when foliar spraying, and the absorption is fast; low-purity inferior goods or even fakes, not only have no effect of increasing production, but also cause serious losses.
bibliography:
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