6,000 years ago, China's ancient city, the world's earliest city-state civilization, Western historians collectively shut up

In 1900, Liang Qichao proposed the concept of four major civilizations, although the mainland is among them, but Western historians have always counted the Chinese civilization from the Shang Dynasty in the 16th century BC (3600), not to mention the Three Emperors and Five Emperors, even the Xia Dynasty has been denied, and ancient Babylon (6000 years ago) is defined as the source of human civilization.

But now, the 6,000-year-old ruins of the ancient city of Chengtoushan on the mainland show advanced civilizations such as architecture, pottery making, and agriculture have slapped Western scholars hard, and Western historians have to admit that this is the earliest city-state site discovered by mankind so far, and there is no one. What exactly has been unearthed from the ruins of the ancient city of Chengtoushan? How subversive is it to the world and Chinese history? And how was it discovered?

01

In 1979, when Cao Chuansong and Wang Benhao, cultural specialists of Chexi County, Liyang County, Hunan Province, went to the countryside, they found a strange high gang on the side of the lotus pond in Nanyue Village. Under the sensitivity of the profession, the two of them circled along the high post, dug in the four corners, dug out some pottery fragments, and found ramming marks. Obviously, this is an ancient ruin, but it cannot be an ancient tomb, there is no such a large tomb, the only possibility is the ancient city. The two were overjoyed, after all, in the history of Hunan, no ancient city had been unearthed.

But which dynasty does it belong to? The two originally dated the Shang Dynasty, using it as a point of speculation, will the lotus pond in front of them be a moat? The two men found the village chief of Nanyue Village, who said that the locals called this high hill Chengtou Mountain, and it was said that there was an ancient city in it, and the lotus pond was not dug by them, and even the ancestors did not know who dug it.

Cao Chuansong made a report to the Archaeology Department of the Provincial Museum, and after Professor He Jiejun arrived, he found the historical and cultural layers in the different soil layers of Chengtou Mountain, the ramming method used was mature, the ancient city and the moat were initially confirmed, and Chengtou Mountain was waiting to wake up.

However, at that time, just after the Cultural Revolution, everything was in ruins, and the excavation work of Chengtou Mountain was reported to be stranded until professor He Jiejun came here again in late October 1991.

He spent a week digging a trench 19.5 meters long and 1.5 meters wide with Cao Chuansong and Shan Xianjue. All conclusions were overturned, the ancient city was not from the Shang Dynasty, the ancient city of the Shang Dynasty was square, it was round, and the native strata were similar to the Shijiahe culture, dating back about 4800 years. However, the excavated clay thin tire black gray pottery, including high-necked pots, double belly bucket and other pottery is different from the Shijiahe culture, similar to Qujialing black pottery, if true, it means 5300 years of history, 300 years earlier than the Yellow Emperor, after being reported to the state, in 1992 was designated as China's top ten new archaeological discoveries.

In October 1992, He Jiejun led the Hunan archaeological team to officially settle in and began 11 years of excavation.

02

The excavation work advanced from the southeast, two trenches were punched out, and three months later there was a surprising picture: the original soil layer outside the wall with a width of 8 to 10 meters and a height of 1.5 meters was consistent with the Daxi culture, which was a Neolithic culture 6,000 years ago, with carbon 14 to determine the soil layer, the minimum age was 6,000 years, and the ancient city was measured 4 times by expansion, and it was built 6,200 years ago. The city wall is 1.5 meters high, 10 meters wide, the moat is 35 meters wide, the trench is 2.4 meters, and a defense system with a height of about 4 meters is formed outside, and under the historical conditions at that time, such a project, such a height, it is difficult for other tribes to attack.

The second phase of excavation work began in the center of the city, from the southeast-northwest axis at the same time, in the south city trench, found more than 100 kinds of vegetable and plant seeds, due to the silt to isolate the air to form a vacuum, zucchini seed color is clearly visible. It is simply incredible that the Ancestors of China cultivated more than 100 kinds of plants in the Yangtze River Basin more than 6,000 years ago, and the agricultural civilization dominated the earth.

Not only have these unearthed, but also a large number of chickens, ducks, pigs, cattle, sheep, pikes and other animal bones have been unearthed one after another, and the People of Chengtou Mountain have begun to raise a large number of livestock and poultry more than 6,000 years ago. There are also exquisite oars and two-meter boat tips, and the weaving techniques of daily necessities such as linen, bamboo mats, and grates are also very high.

Chinese civilization, really remarkable, what did babylon and the Egyptians do 6,000 years ago?

The historical objects that subverted the world shocked archaeologists, and because of the importance of the matter, in 1994, Hunan dispatched 50 cultural relics experts to participate in the excavation of the ancient city site of Chengtou Mountain. In area 2 of the Southwest Excavation Area, the ruins of the housing complex have 2 bedrooms and 1 hall, 3 bedrooms and 1 hall, and multi-room and 1 hall of folk buildings with complete functions, including master bedrooms, kitchens, living rooms, and toilets, and the design scale is basically the same as that of modern housing.

The layout of dual family buildings is not only a testimony to entering the patriarchal society, but also a sign of the civilization of the city-state. Not far from the center of the city, archaeologists have also excavated a wide and magnificent high-rise building, which has no living utensils and traces of life. According to archaeologists, it belongs to the tribal council hall, the high-ranking one sits on the upper floor, the ordinary leader sits on the lower level, and the flat ground in front of the hall should be a square.

At this point, modern urban buildings such as the ancient city wall of Chengtou Mountain, the moat, the east, west, south, and north gates, streets, residential buildings, and sewers have all appeared, with a total of 280 acres.

Eight pottery kilns in the center of the north of the city have aroused the interest of archaeologists, firing not only pottery, but also laterite blocks (bricks) with geometric figures, and the time measurement is parallel to other buildings. In fact, before that, archaeologists had found that there were a lot of such laterite blocks on the main road of the site. But why is the pottery district in the heart of the city? The number of pottery kilns is also far more than the living needs of the people of Chengtou Mountain, and there are only a few kinds of pottery fired, which can be seen to be mass-produced. The only explanation is that the massive pottery of the Chengtoushan people has a monetary function, which is produced for barter, and is used to exchange basic living materials such as grain with other tribes.

The population of a fully functional city has naturally soared, and it is impossible to feed such a large population without some business.

The ruins of the ancient city of Chengtou Mountain were excavated

Archaeologist Tan Yuanhui is responsible for the northeast district also has a major discovery, 400 square meters of tomb group densely distributed countless coffins and grave pits, up to the next 7 floors, showing the population size of Chengtou Mountain. Weng coffin burial and tomb is the most common way of burial, let people sigh that in these burial tombs, some of the burial items only have one or two pieces of pottery, some even reach more than 100 pieces, as well as jade bone ware, the gap between rich and poor is clear at a glance.

Explain what? Classes have been formed 6,000 years ago, and some through novels often appear to cross to ancient times to do the plot of big officials, but these tomb groups are full of irony, don't think of it, even if you cross to 6,000 years ago, di si is also di si, there is no way to climb up except for desperate life.

03

In the 5th excavation in 1996, the physical object of rewriting human agricultural civilization appeared. Soft mud and a large number of carbonized rice grains, snails and rice root whiskers were found in the fields and mounds. Chinese archaeology is different from Western archaeology, and the confirmation is rigorous. In the soil test of the field, the iron content of the iron and manganese mixed particles silicate was 6 units, which was only 2 units less than the current rice field. Ancient rice expert Zhang Wenxu used film mass spectrometry to test 300 carbonized grains, and now the genes of the Rice Institute are complete, which belongs to hybrid rice, of which the gene content of wild rice is 5.6%, the stem rice is 42.8%, and the indica rice gene is 51.6%.

The ancient city of Chengtoushan fully shows that the agricultural technology of China's Yangtze River Basin has matured 6,000 years ago, entered large-scale aquaculture, and solved the long-standing controversy of artificial breeding of ancient rice. Previously, although 12,000 years ago carbonized rice grains had been found in the Jade Toad Rock in Hunan, and 14,000 years ago rice had been found in the Xianren Cave in Jiangxi, it was impossible to determine whether wild rice or artificial rice belonged to the accidental behavior of the Chinese ancestors or the agricultural behavior, and now the origin of rice in China has become a real hammer.

At the same time, it confirms that the origin of Chinese civilization is not only the Yellow River, but also the Yangtze River, and the two rivers that have watered history are mother rivers. In ancient times, in the land of China, thousands of tribal civilizations like the Central Plains civilization blossomed everywhere, such as Sanxingdui and Tao Temple. Black pottery was not only born in Longshan, but also faience pottery is spread throughout Laoguantai, Yangshao, Majiayao, Qijia, Dawenkou, Qujialing, Daxi, Hongshan and most other places in China.

Chinese culture, brilliant as a galaxy, Chengtou Mountain changed the history of the world city-states, making Babylon dim, after the 2010 World Expo exhibition, Western historians for the first time collectively shut up.

Reference: Chengtou Mountain. A Discovery That Shocked the World

"Wasteland Ancient City"

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