This course in graphic composition is a basic compulsory course for art design majors, which is widely used in the practice of creative design. The plane composition is based on the visual elements as the main body, the study and exploration of the composition of the formal beauty, and in accordance with the visual effects of the formal beauty, the external visual form, a certain combination and arrangement, with rational and perceptual logic for reasonable creation, research arrangement method. It is the product of the combination of reason and sensibility.
The plane composition is mainly the use of points, lines, surfaces of the three elements of the basic modeling, not only rich in a strong sense of visual abstraction and visual form of beauty, but also has a comprehensive design modeling characteristics and creative ability of the design of the work, compared with the figurative form of expression elements, it has a more comprehensive and extensive, can inspire more design and creative inspiration, improve the creative thinking imagination ability, has a certain foundation role.
In design, the point is the origin of all visual shapes, the basic unit of all forms, and the point is also the smallest element in the shape. It is simple and small, and can be described in a variety of forms, it can be presented as a circle, or it can take on a square, triangular or other simple geometric form.
"Small" features: the point is no area, no directivity and sense of size, when there is only one point, it is static, although the area is small, but has a strong visual cohesion, attract attention: when more than two points coexist, its vision will flow between the two points, forming a certain visual trend.
Characteristics of the change: In terms of its size unit, the larger the point, the more faceted the visual feeling: the smaller the point, the stronger the visual feeling. Just as when you see a giant plane parked near you at an airport, it is a huge face, and when it flies in the sky, it becomes a point in the sky.
Emotional characteristics: In the visual design performance, according to the point can produce different sizes, density differences, so that the vision produces a lively beating, irregular sense: according to the position of the point, so that the vision produces different feelings, for example: the point in the middle of the background, the feeling presented is quiet, calm, solemn. If the point is above the background, the feeling presented is unstable and suspended.
In design, the line is a very concise form element, a high generalization of the objective object. It is rich in variation and expressiveness, and due to differences in thickness, length and shape, the personality of the performance and the psychological feelings brought to the audience are also different.
"Concise" features: the line is the trajectory of the point moving out, and when many points are arranged in a row, the feeling of the line is formed, which is called the linearization of the point. In the modeling, the line plays a vital role, and the traditional Chinese paintings and calligraphy works are called "the art of the line", which is the foundation of all visual value images.
Characteristics of change: In the visual design performance, the same length and direction of the line, the thinner the line, it appears simple, static, sharp, on the contrary, the thicker the line gives people a thick, rough, solemn feeling. If the thickness is different and the virtual reality is different, the line of visual spatial sense and the line of illusion will be generated.
Emotional characteristics: According to the classification of lines, in visual emotion: straight lines, with strong, concise, intuitive, clear male symbolic characteristics: horizontal lines, with static, stable, extended, continuous, stretching and other characteristics, reminiscent of vast grasslands, horizons, fields, sea levels, etc.: diagonal lines, with a strong sense of instability, direction and speed: curves, soft, flexible, dynamic, elastic, with the emotional characteristics of female symbols.
A polygon is the surface plane of a turning body, which is the collection and expansion of points, and the trajectory of a line. Polygons are composed of lines, which are the result of the movement of the line trajectory, and can also be said to be composed of the expansion and density of points. It is a combination of point and line characteristics. Surfaces are linear, curved, and accidental. The definition of a general surface is that a surface is a special form that occupies a two-dimensional space category determined by contour lines.
"Ubiquitous" characteristics: The difference between surfaces and points is that they have a large area and complex image, and the reproduction combination and morphological changes of points and lines often need to be unified by "surfaces" in order to achieve a certain ideal overall effect. Surfaces are linear, curved, and accidental. The definition of a general surface is that a surface is a special form that occupies a two-dimensional space category determined by contour lines.
Variation characteristics: In the visual design performance, the face of the same size is larger in the upper position and the smaller in the lower position. For example, the number 8 and the letter B: Different faces of color cause faces of the same size to have visual variations, such as light-colored faces will appear larger, and dark-colored faces will appear slightly smaller.
Emotional characteristics: According to the shape of the face, the emotional characteristics of the people are also different. Geometry: upright, rigid, visual simplicity, stability, strong logic; triangles: with stability and instability and other characteristics: polygons: with complex and changeable, tense, irregular, radiating (contraction), irreconcilable and other emotional characteristics.
Accidental Shape: The use of the art form splash ink immersion effect is produced by chance. Vivid and natural, cannot be completely controlled by subjective will, and is not used much in orderly flat design. Round: Has the characteristics of fullness, tension, vitality, etc., but lacks variation due to too much perfection. Freeform: Through the change of surface, it produces elegance, softness, charm and more emotional taste psychologically, which can fully reflect the personality.
Any combination of two elements of point, line and surface can be expressed in many forms, such as: union, overlap, separation, difference and other forms of expression. These primitive forms, when left unchanged, produce variations between multiple complexes. It is precisely in this way that some complete and innovative design works are often composed of elements containing points, lines and surfaces, which is also the visual communication language that we must learn before designing.