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The concept of Lu southwest, administratively, is generally called Heze City. Within this range, Yuncheng County was the initiator of the Song River Uprising, and the core figures of Shuipo Liangshan came out of here. Juye County was the governor of Jeju, and the officers and soldiers set out from here to arrest, encircle, and recruit the good han of Liangshan. According to historical materials, Song Jiang and others fought in the "Qingqi Shan Pujian", and Shan Prefecture had jurisdiction over four counties, including Shan County and Chengwu, and the seat of government was in Shan County. Puzhou has jurisdiction over Juancheng, Fan County and other places, and the administrative office is located in the old town of Juancheng County. This area of Heze City is located between Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and Liangshan Po, the base camp of the Song River Uprising, and between Liangshan and the official government, whether it is a war or a peace, they must pass through this ground, leaving Heze, the heroes will not fly to Tokyo, right? Even if it is a detour, it will not be too far around, Song Jiang went from Liangshan to Tokyo to see the lights, and went around to Tengzhou, but still passed through Shanzhou and Caozhou to reach Tokyo's Wanshou Gate. "CaoZhou" is the name of other dynasties, during the Northern Song Dynasty, it was not called Caozhou, it was called Xingrenfu.
Lu Southwest is also a geographical concept. This is wider than the scope of Heze City. This can also include some places in Jining, Tai'an, and Liaocheng. The map of Shandong is not a standard square, and the boundaries are complex and changeable, so there are many ways to refer to it. In terms of habit, it is natural to regard some counties of Jining, Tai'an, and Liaocheng as southwest Lu.
In this area, Liangshan was the base of the good men. After Liangshan was established as a county in 1949, it has been a county in the Heze area for decades. Yanggu County is the place where Wusong fought tigers and killed Ximen Qing. In order to decide who would sit in the first chair, Song Jiang and Lu Junyi played two cities, one was Dongping and the other was Dongchang. Dongping was the governor of Yun Prefecture after the Tang Dynasty, and the Northern Song Dynasty Xuanhe was promoted to Dongping Prefecture in the first year. In the Water Margin, the names Yun Prefecture and Dongping Province appear. Liangshan will fight Dongping and take Dongping. Dongchang is now Liaocheng, Dongchangfu is the administrative name of the Ming Dynasty, called Bozhou during the Northern Song Dynasty, belonging to Hebei East Road, dongchang received Zhang Qing and Huangfuduan. In addition, in Gao Tang, the good han of Liangshan also defeated Gao Lian and rescued Chai Daguanren.
The southwest of Lu in this geographical sense I am talking about is the main activity of the Song River Uprising and the birthplace of the water margin story.
So, what is the main relationship between Lu Southwest and Water Margin?
First, southwestern Lu was the base of the Liangshan Uprising.
Liangshan is located on the edge of the Luzhong Mountains, the remnant of Mount Tai, facing the endless Lu southwest plain.
Liangshan Po, known in ancient times as Onozawa, is a lake formed by the mouth of the Yellow River. The Shang Shu Yu Gong says that when Da Yu was controlling the water, he used such a flood detention area. In a fairly long historical period, Onozawa gradually moved north, and in the Song Dynasty, its north shore was already connected to Liangshan, so it was called Liangshan Po. This Liangshan Po is kidney-shaped curved, north of Liangshan, east of Wenshang, south of Juye, west of Yuncheng, is a very large lake, "Water Margin" said that Liangshan Po has a radius of eight hundred miles, not exaggerated at all. There are mountains to base here, there is water to defend, and it is very natural for the good people of Liangshan to choose this place as a base. Some people say that the historical SongJiang Uprising was of a rogue nature and had no base. We say that the historical data record relatively little about the Song Jiang uprising, but it does not write where he was a base area, but the fact that there was no base for a while does not mean that there has been no base area. There is no comprehensive and systematic record of the SongJiang uprising in the historical data, but from the biographies of Northern Song officials such as "Zhang Shuye Biography" and "Hou Meng Biography", a few strokes are occasionally taken, and moreover, the records are all about the situation in the most difficult period of the Songjiang Uprising. Some scholars have pointed out that before this, that is, when the SongJiang Uprising was at its most prosperous, there must have been a base area, but only later, when it could not resist the strong conquest and suppression of the official army, did it have to go out of Liangshan Po and swim in Qingzhou, Yizhou, Haizhou and other places. Most importantly, the novel "Water Margin" tells that the good men are based on the Liangshan Mountains of Shuipo. It is correct to say that Lu Southwest was the base of the Liangshan Uprising.
Second, Lu Southwest is the birthplace of the main characters of the Water Margin.
It is often said that there are one hundred and eight generals in Liangshan, and seventy-two are in Yuncheng. That is a general statement, seventy-two is not a real number, but a false finger. However, there are indeed many Water Margin generals from Yuncheng, and most of them are core figures.
Chao Gai is the founder of Liangshan's cause, without him organizing the wisdom of the birth anniversary, where did Liangshan's great cause come from? Song Jiang is the backbone of Shui po Liang Mountain, the number one person. Wu Yong is a think tank of the Liangshan Group, equivalent to Zhuge Liang in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Because of this, Liangshan's friends met Yuncheng's acquaintances and sometimes said humorously: The leader is coming. Their meaning is very clear: in "Water Margin", the rebel army that gathered in Liangshan was led by the yuncheng people. In addition, there are Zhu Tong, who resembles Guan Gong, Lei Heng, who resembles Zhang Fei, Song Jiang's younger brother Song Qing, Bai Sheng, who has a wonderful performance in the Zhizhi BirthRight, and Ruan Xiao'er, Ruan Xiaowu, and Ruan Xiaoqi, who came from a poor background and is righteous and courageous. Juye produced Xiao Rang, who was good at imitating Su, Huang, Mi, and Cai Shu, and Jin Dajian, who was good at carving gold stones. In Yanggu came the tiger hero Wu Song, in Dongping came the double-gun general Dong Ping, in Dongchang came Zhang Qing, Gong Wang, Ding Desun, and Huang Fuduan came out. Besides, since Shuipo Liangshan is in southwest Lu, aren't all the good men of Liangshan active in southwest Lu?
Third, Lu Southwest is the birthplace of the Water Margin story.
The water margin story, the most wonderful, the most able to reflect the character and fate, before seventy times. These stories, Lu Southwest accounted for a large proportion.
The Zhizhi Birth Anniversary Class occurred in Huangnigang, Yuncheng. Song Jiang's killing of Yan Poxi and Lei Heng's beating of Bai Xiuying all occurred in Yuncheng County. Song Jiang met the Nine Heavenly Nieces, which occurred in the village of Huandao in Yuncheng. The story of Li Kui sitting on the throne takes place in Shouzhang County. Shouzhang is an ancient county that existed from the Spring and Autumn Period to the founding of New China, and later, the establishment of this county was abolished, and its land and people were divided into Yuncheng, Liangshan, Yanggu and Taiqian Counties in Henan. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Shouchang County was ruled by Shouzhangji Town in the northwest of present-day Liangshan County. In addition, like hitting Dongping Province, Fighting Dongchang Province, hitting Gao Tang Prefecture, hitting Zhujiazhuang and hitting Zengtou City, all of them are.
The story of the Water Margin takes place in southwest Lu, and was first circulated in southwest Lu. Some people say that the Water Margin story has been processed and fermented in Hangzhou after the Song Dynasty's southern crossing, and we do not deny it, but this absolutely cannot change the nature of Lu Southwest being the origin of the Water Margin story. This is just like the children of the Zhang family, after eating your Li family for several years, they cannot change his genes and bloodline. At that time, some intellectuals went with the army to the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, brought with them the stories of the heroes of Southwest Lu, and produced the "Great Song Xuan and Testament" similar to the storyteller's base book. At the same time, the fathers and elders who remained in Lu southwest were also spreading the stories of the heroes of the Water Margin and using the stories of these heroes to inspire the anti-Jin struggle. In the Yuan Dynasty, miscellaneous dramas arose, and Dongping near Liangshan po became the famous capital of miscellaneous dramas, and many plays written about water margin characters appeared. For example, Li Kui bears Jing, Yan Qingbo fish, double dedication and so on. It couldn't be more convenient for people living locally to write stories that happen locally. The story of the Water Margin in the meta-miscellaneous drama laid a good foundation for the writing of the novel "Water Margin".
Lu Southwest can become the soil for the story of the Water Margin because it has an important fit with the cultural characteristics and folk customs of Southwest Lu, which is prominently manifested in four aspects:
The first is chivalrous culture. "Water Margin" is full of chivalrous cultural atmosphere. People read Water Margin, and they like this chivalrous spirit more. "Water Margin" set a precedent for Chinese chivalrous novels and became the originator of later martial arts novels.
The Shandong people's fighting righteousness, Lu Southwest is the most representative. Shandong Xiangma, famous all over the world. The Wagang Uprising, Qin Qiong, Cheng Yaojin, and Xu Maogong and Shan Xiongxin of Southwest Lu were all Sui and Tang heroes Haojie, and their stories deeply influenced the folk customs of Southwest Lu. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was no accident that Chao Gai and Song Jiang, who were not afraid of two ribs for their friends, appeared.
The second is the culture of resistance. In that particular environment at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the struggle of the good men of Liangshan embodied the dark opposition to the official government represented by Cai Jinggao, the rebellion against the oppression of the corrupt official clique, the struggle against unreasonable order, and the call for an ideal society. Look at the way Lin Chong, Wang Jin, and Yang Zhi were persecuted by Gao Taiwei, and look at the way Wu Song and Xie Zhen Xiebao were persecuted by officials and bullies, who can not call for resistance?
The people of Southwest Lu have a glorious historical tradition of resisting exploitation and oppression. Chen Sheng Wu Guang uprising, not far from here. The Huangchao Rebellion broke out in Caozhou, at the junction of Peony District, Dongming, and Cao County. Huang Chao of the Tang Dynasty definitely influenced Song Jiang of the Song Dynasty, so Song Jiang wrote in Jiangzhou: If he is young, he will dare to laugh at Huang Chao for not being a husband!
The third is Confucian culture. "Water Margin" is written about the peasant uprising, but as a literary work with unified ideological connotations, it was completed under the guidance of Confucianism, and one of its great characteristics is to emphasize loyalty. The good men of Liangshan defended the country and the people for the sake of The Heavenly Path, which was their loyalty; brothers helped each other, living and dying together. This is their righteousness. Therefore, this book was once called "Zhongyi Water Margin". This kind of loyalty is very prominent in Southwest Lu.
Lu Nan is the closest to Confucius's hometown, most deeply influenced by the way of Confucius and Mencius, people stress loyalty, lectures, conscience, reason, like to follow the rules. And for those who do not pay attention to faith, they are scorned and very disgusted. This gives rise to a distinct moral concept. Speaking of this, we can understand why Song Jiang always wanted to return to the system of dynastic relocation, go to the side court, stab and shoot, win a wife and shadow, and leave a good name for future generations.
The fourth is the culture of soldiers. Song Jiang was a prisoner, and Wu used a pedant to direct the military struggle, how could he be so handy? As we all know, Lu Southwest is a place where military generals are born. This is the hometown of Sun Zhen, who commanded the famous Battle of Guiling and the Battle of Maling, which had an important impact on future generations. In addition, there are also famous military figures such as Wu Qi, Peng Yue, and Li Dian, who also come from here.
Author: Lu Ming, male, born in 1960, pen name Yellow River into the sea. Retired cadre of Yuncheng County CPC Committee, Chairman of Yuncheng County Writers Association, President of County Poetry Society. He is a member of the Shandong Writers Association, the vice president of the Heze Poetry Society, a special researcher of the Shuihu Culture Research Base of Heze University, and a scholar of historical and cultural research in Yuncheng County. He has published more than 100 essays, more than 20 novels, and more than 1,000 poems and poems in various newspapers and online platforms such as Guangming Daily, Shandong Literature, and Times Literature, of which HezeFu was published in Guangming Daily. He is the author of six cultural books, including "Zhengyu Water Margin", "Impression of Water Margin", "Exploration of Good Han Culture", "Yuncheng Literature and History Examination Strategy" (three volumes), and the chief editor of "Selected Literary Works of Yuncheng", "Yuncheng Wenyun", "Water Margin Biography", and "Water Margin Wine Story" four works. In Heze TV, he lectured on the thirteenth issue of Water Margin Culture.
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