On the night of February 29, 1944, the commander of the Soviet 1st Ukrainian Front, General Vatutin, nicknamed Wachu, went to the front line to inspect the troops, and brought only a few guards. When a group of people drove past a small village, they encountered a small group of Ukrainian guerrillas robbing the village, and the heavily armed Wa Fat got out of the car and shot at the guerrillas, unfortunately being shot in the leg. At that time, the medical conditions were poor, the wound was seriously infected, and even though the amputation was performed, he died more than a month later. Although the evaluation of Wa Fat's command ability in military history has always been controversial, everyone agreed that he died too badly, Manstein carried it over, and finally overturned the ship in the gutter!
To tell the truth, if it were not for Comrade Vatutin's own recklessness and the sending of an adult head to the enemy, then this strange guerrilla force, or more accurately, the Ukrainian nationalist gang, would have only taken the record of slaughtering ordinary people.
General Vatutin, who was killed by ukrainian rebels
Hello everyone, I am a newcomer model worker up lord Mo Jiajun. Today is the fourth episode of "Ermao and Soviet Dad". Some time ago, the United States said that it would form a guerrilla force for Ukraine to fight the Russian army. Obviously, Lao Mei does not like to read history, they probably only know the history of Ukraine, the so-called "guerrillas" have a long history of Nazis, but they do not know that they were once a very painful existence for both the enemy and us.
On the Eastern Front of World War II, the Soviet Union and Germany fought bloodily. In addition to their protagonists, there were also many guerrillas active behind enemy lines in the fall of Belarus and Ukraine. The Belarusian partisans were quite normal, eating and sleeping to fight the Nazis; the situation in Ukraine was very complicated, with guerrilla groups organized by the Soviet army, vigilante groups cooperating with the German army, and even regular SS composed of pure Ukrainians. One of the units was particularly brain-dead, and although it was poorly equipped and had a crotch of combat effectiveness, I don't know who gave him the courage to fight both the Germans and the Soviets, slaughtering both poles and sparing their Ukrainian compatriots. Naturally, both the Soviet Union, Germany, and Poland wanted to destroy him. This is the Ukrainian rebel army established by the Ukrainian nationalist organization, and the most amazing thing is that this army that died a lot of death was able to survive until the fifties. And their spiritual descendants formed the current Ukrainian government.
All this must start with a Trojan horse sent by Germany.
As we said in the previous video, Ukraine is divided into east and west, and even after the great famine, eastern Ukraine still has a strong sense of centripetal force and identity with the Soviet Union. Western Ukraine, on the other hand, was very different, especially in the Galicia region, including Lviv, which remained under Polish rule until 1939.
Today, everyone thinks that the partition of Poland between the Soviet Union and Germany is not very authentic, but few people know that in order to force the Soviet Union to attack Poland, Hitler played the "Ukrainian card" to Stalin, to choose one of the two extremes: either you send your own troops to occupy Western Ukraine in the hands of Poland, or I will help the Ukrainians establish a new independent state in this land. This is something that Stalin did not want to see in any way. So he eventually sent his army across the Polish border.
Subsequently, the Soviet Union incorporated Western Ukraine into the original Ukrainian Socialist Republic, and Ukraine, which had been divided for hundreds of years, became a whole again. Stalin did not expect, however, that this was a treacherous plan by the Germans.
Nationalist organizations in Western Ukraine were founded in 1929, headed by Stepan Bandera, and administered by the German Military Intelligence Service. Before the war, Bandera pulled up a "Ukrainian legion", and the German Military Intelligence Service set up a secret base for them, taught guerrilla warfare courses and infiltration and sabotage training, and sent them back to western Ukraine to lurk.
After the Soviet Union took back Western Ukraine, this "Fifth Column" gave Stalin a deep headache, and the loving father sacrificed the usual magic weapon- the Great Purge, and the Soviet purge was inevitably expanded, which broke the thin filter of Western Ukraine on the Soviet Union. Yes, western Ukraine, which was tortured to death by the big wave, also had a super yearning for the Soviet Union, when the Soviet army entered Lviv, the people's welcoming team even blocked the Soviet tanks could not go forward, and then the Soviet Union's land reform, the restoration of the Ukrainian language and other measures greatly won the hearts of the people. As a result, the purge was carried out, coupled with some ulterior motives, and the people of West Ukraine felt that the Soviet Union was like this, and began to look forward to the Germans next door to be the saviors. They were naïve enough to do that the Germans would help the Ukrainians to establish their own country, just like our family's land.
In 1939 , the "Liberation March" in Lviv, welcoming the soviet army with a large number of citizens, blocked the way forward for the Soviet army
But the problem is that the Germans have never said that, nor have they thought of it that way.
On June 30, 1941, Bandera's small forces followed the Germans to Lviv, and after occupying The Lviv Radio, they immediately issued Bandera's Declaration of Independence of Ukraine, and on the day of the founding of the country, they killed 4,000 Jews in Lviv to "help". However, Bandera did not expect that Hitler was not happy, but instead of being angry, according to his theory, the Slavs were all scum, all inferior peoples, it would be better to turn the whole of Eastern Europe into no man's land, so that the Germans have "living space", and now you still want independence? Vice versa! So the mustache counter-handedly disbanded the Polish occupation zone led by Hans Frank in western Western Ukraine, and the bandra small army was disbanded on the spot. So Siu returned to Poland and walked in a large circle back to its original point.
As for Bandera himself and his grass-roots team, at least 1,500 people were arrested, many killed immediately, and the rest were packed up by the Germans and sent to concentration camps. In addition to the Occupied Areas of Ukraine in Western Ukraine, it also became the Ukrainian Viceroyalty under the rule of Nazi Germany, and for the convenience of grain collection, even the collective farms that everyone hated the most were not abolished. In Germany's Master Plan for the Orient, 65 per cent of Ukrainians should be exterminated or eliminated, and the rest should be "Germanized" and remain ignorant and semi-illiterate as cheap labour. The Governor of Ukraine, Erich Koch, famously said: "The most ordinary Germans are also more noble than Ukrainians, and if a Ukrainian sits at my desk, I can't help but shoot him." "It is conceivable that in the eyes of the orthodox Germans, Ukrainians are not even worthy of believing in Nazis.
After being slapped in the face by their masters, the Ukrainian nationalists split into three factions, one by one.
The first faction, which was relatively small in number and belonged to the late Stockholm Syndrome, did not change its original intentions toward the Nazis, "The Fuehrer abused me ten million times, and I treated the Fuehrer as if I were my first love", willingly acting as nazis to massacre Ukrainians.
Some joined the police force for the Germans to drive. The German TV series "Our Fathers" reflects the plot of the Nazi-essarian Maozi of Ukraine who brutally cleaned up the Jewish ghetto. Under the influence of vodka, these Maunas were always able to exceed the task of slaughtering Jews.
As the Germans retreated, the supply of troops became less and less, and the SS opened up to Ukraine in order to absorb cannon fodder. The more famous is the 14th Ukrainian Volunteer Division of the SS, named after the galicia province of western Ukraine, with 15,000 good men. As for the performance, it is called a moving place. The first time they went to war, they were almost completely destroyed, and only 1,500 of the 14,000 officers and men who participated in the battle returned to the German army, and the defense line was torn open. This gave the Germans a sense of déjà vu, as if they had returned to the days of fighting alongside Italy, and never again dared to send the ukrainians to the front.
The "Galician" division, which had suffered heavy losses, was slightly adjusted, and was pulled to fight the guerrillas, and in the process of suppressing the Warsaw Uprising, it was particularly cruel to the civilians, so that after the war, it was wanted by the Polish government for genocide.
Map of Ukraine
As for the Ukrainians scattered among other German troops, they also caused a lot of trouble for the Germans, creating a large number of mutinies, desertion, intelligence for the Soviets, and even riots. The most classic case: in August 1944, the Russians and Ukrainians of the Waffen-SS 30th Grenadier Division rioted, killing 200 German officers and then leading their troops to the Soviets; in December 1944, the Soviet soldiers of the Waffen-SS 36th Grenadier Division deserted and surrendered, and the entire division was basically gone. This is the spiritual Aryan, and it is clearly "in the heart of the German army in the Soviet Union".
The second group of people, the Wall-Riding Faction, was led by a leader named Browitz. At first, because he was relatively low-key and did not shout the slogan of Ukrainian independence, he was more popular with the Nazis than Bandera, and directly helped him set up a "Polleche Regiment" to assist in the operation. However, Browitz was still an individual compared to Bandra, refusing to participate in the massacre of Jews and Polish civilians, so he was suspected by the German army and ordered to disband the army. Blowitz had to go underground, and the troops were named the "Ukrainian Rebel Army". Then he began the riots, and at the same time began negotiations with the Red Army and the Nazis, seeing people talking about people and talking about ghosts. When they saw the Red Army guerrillas, they said that we were brothers and did not fight, and when they saw the Germans, they said, "I have not stained a drop of German blood on my hands." Live off a water master.
He wanted to unite with Bandera, but the two sides couldn't talk about whether to kill all Jews and Poles, and finally tore his face. By 1943, the name of the unit had been snatched away by Bandera, the man had been beaten to death by Bandera, his wife had been killed, and he and the general staff had defected to the liberated areas of the Red Army guerrillas to escape for their lives.
Browitz's story is not over, he is a nationalist in the final analysis, and he wants Ukrainian independence, which is impossible under the red army. So Browitz left the Liberated Zone and sneaked to Warsaw to try to reunite with the Germans, only to be thrown into prison. It was not until August 1944, when the Nazis saw that there was no cure for the Eastern Front, that they remembered that there was such a person, released him, and asked him to form an anti-Soviet commando. Browitz knew that this was cannon fodder, grinding and rubbing a fish, before he could build a force, the German army was defeated and surrendered, and Browitz finally surrendered to the Allies, and the end was not too tragic.
The third group of people is the die-hard faction that we mentioned at the beginning of the video, the anti-Soviet and anti-German die-hards, the leader Bandera. After he entered the camp himself, his minions carried the Germans underground and stole the name of Blowitz's army, the Ukrainian rebel army. Up really didn't want them to tarnish the word "uprising," so they collectively referred to them as UPA in English. The main targets of upa's operations were: 1. any other Ukrainian guerrillas who did not attack the Soviet Union; 2. Polish civilians; 2. Germans. If Browitz is the father and the father to please together, then Bandra is the father, the father, plus the king next door to fight together. But everyone should remember that Wild Daddy Germany will always be their true love. Although the UPA stressed to the outside world that I was also anti-Nazi, in actual combat, they preferred to put a hot face on the cold ass of the German army, and collusion was far more than confrontation.
Stepan Bandera
After the Battle of Stalingrad, the situation on the battlefield of the German army was getting worse and worse, and Hitler could only organize with ukrainian democracy for the sake of human resources. UPA was "legalized" and Bandera finally walked out of the concentration camp and became commander-in-chief.
Their debut was the horrific Warren Massacre. In the summer of 1943, UPA cooperated with the German army's "anti-colonization campaign" to force the Polish residents of the Warren region to leave their homes within 48 hours. The cruelty of Upa's methods is beyond words, they saw pregnant women in half, stabbed their children to death at the dinner table, gouge out people's eyes, and burned the limbs of living people. In order to blame this beastly behavior on the Red Army guerrillas, UPA sang Katyusha in some villages and cursed in Russian. Polish partisans retaliated by killing about 15,000 Western Ukrainian civilians.
The Warren Massacre was equivalent to the UPA's surrender to the Nazis, and the mustache was overjoyed and decided to invest in them. At the end of 1943, under the guidance of the German army, the UPA established a complex command system. A general command was established under the jurisdiction of three regional commands, namely the Northern District, Volinia, kiev, the Western District, Galicia and the Southern Districts of Odessa and Zhytomyr, and each region was divided into different military districts and tactical zones. The entire army quickly expanded to 80,000 people, and later it was as high as 200,000 people!
However, the grass platform team is still the grass platform team, just look at the weapons to know. Germany was reluctant to give upa high-end weapons, so upa's equipment mainly came from the battlefield capture of the German army, mainly Soviet-made light weapons, but also equipped with a small number of mortars and artillery, in a very small number of battles, they also used tanks. UPA's costumes were also messy, ranging from German uniforms to Soviet uniforms, or vassal uniforms, and even homemade costumes. How to identify it? Look at the hat emblem with the Ukrainian trident pattern on the hat, of course, this is also cut and sewn by yourself.
Monument to the Poles slaughtered by the UPA
UPA's military operations were mainly against the Soviet Red Army and the Red Army's guerrillas. In particular, from late 1943 to early 1944, as the Red Army recaptured Ukraine step by step, upas became more and more active, occasionally attacking the Rear of the Red Army, disrupting lines of communication, or reconnaissance intelligence. For example, from January 7 to March 2, 1944, there were 200 recorded Ukrainian rebel attacks on the Red Army and partisans in Rowan and Warren Oblasts. At first, the Soviets stared at the Germans and did not pay attention to them, but after Vatutin was unfortunately recruited, the Soviets took action, and the Red Army and the internal affairs forces joined forces to suppress them severely. In one of Warren's battles, 5,000 UPAs lost at least 3,600 men, the Southern Command suffered heavy losses and the surviving personnel were incorporated into The West and North.
After the Soviet army recaptured all of Ukraine, the security forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs began to suppress bandits, and they could not let the remnants of the UPA do whatever they wanted, but everyone did not expect that the action that was thought to be easy would be delayed for more than a decade. One of them has left us a wealth of historical information and has also made a great contribution to the suppression of bandits. Guess who he is? Guess it on the public screen.
From the liberation of Ukraine in mid-1944 to the surrender of the Germans in May 1945, in just one year, the Soviets killed more than 9,400 people, captured 93,000 people, and turned themselves in. However, the real uphill battle is yet to come. Because the rest of the UPAs are die-hards, knowing that there is no way back from the world, they are ready for a decisive battle, and the Soviet government has not yet decided how to fight, and even wants to be gentle. As a result, the losses were extremely heavy and bloody.
In September 1945, the Carpathian Military District established the Political Department and the Propaganda and Agitation Department, and Brezhnev became the first leader, with headquarters initially located in Chernivtsi and later moved to Lviv. In fact, Brezhnev had a very rich experience in suppressing bandits during the war, and he also won a medal for it. This time, he was not directly involved in the military operation against the UPA, and the Department was tasked with gathering and analysing information, including upa crimes, propaganda and counter-propaganda. In his correspondence with his superiors and subordinates, we can glimpse how tragic the situation was at that time. In the Stanislav region, gangs of 10 to 20 men have launched a series of terrorist acts against the army, activists, party workers and their families. In September 1945, representatives of the Regional Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine (Brazzaville), deputy directors of the Political Department of the 38th Army, and a number of officers and soldiers were killed. On November 25, 1945, a district center and railway station in the Stanislav region were occupied by bandra bandits, and the Soviets had to send an armored train to support it. At the end of 1945, in another administrative district, the Bandera bandits launched more than a dozen attacks on single soldiers and quartermasters. They also attacked several villages and villages, hanged the entire family of the disabled soldier Gelbach, including his 4-year-old son and 72-year-old father; Upa's method is still the same, the eyes are picked out with iron rods, the fingers are cut off, and the body is roasted on an iron plate.
During that time, almost all official documents ended with: "The bandits are being hunted down, and there is no result yet."
Brezhnev, who summed up some lessons in a report to Lieutenant General Higgin, director of the General Political Department of the Soviet Army, said that the army did not act in time and that "we must frankly admit that in many villages far from the central road, there is virtually no Soviet power." We didn't know much about the local area at all. We need to take vigorous measures to eliminate bandits, with the participation of a large number of regular troops, in order to put an end to the meaningless sacrifice of our personnel. It is time to take decisive measures to eliminate the bandits. "He also quoted some soldiers." If dozens or hundreds of bandits and their entire families were shot dead by murdered Soviet citizens, they would want to abandon the banditry. ”
The Red Army that liberated Kharkov was welcomed by the populace
In the report, Brezhnev also mentioned a detail that in the attack, the Bandera elements not only snatched weapons and documents, but also took the uniforms and medals of the fallen soldiers to disguise themselves, so daily work and life need to take "counter-espionage warfare" to increase vigilance.
In the summer of 1946, Brezhnev was transferred to Zaporizhia Oblast for economic work, but his advice was very useful for the suppression of bandits.
The first was the establishment of grass-roots party organizations, and in response to the problem of no party members in villages in remote areas of western Ukraine, the Soviet Union sent from the eastern oblasts of Ukraine to the west 4. 8 million people, of which 2. 20,000 people are members of the Communist Party and active members of the Party. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine also issued an appeal to the residents of the west, announcing amnesty for the Bandera elements who had surrendered themselves. The appeal had a positive effect, and some people actually turned themselves in.
The second is to check the number of Ukrainian nationalists, exile the families of hard-line UPA personnel, relocate 9,036 households and 23,660 people in a year, and relocate ethnic Russians from eastern Ukraine.
After the two-pronged approach, the UPA's range of activities became smaller and smaller. In 1949, the UPA was officially dissolved; in March 1950, the Red Army killed the last UPA commander-in-chief, Schukhevich, but its remnants remained active until the mid-1950s.
On October 15, 1959, Bandera, who had been hiding in Germany for many years, was assassinated by Soviet KGB agents in West Berlin, and the upa finally disappeared.
However, his spiritual poison has been passed down to this day. After Ukraine's independence, pro-Western politicians in order to move closer to the West and incite nationalist sentiments, the entire history of World War II was rewritten by them. In January 2010, Ukrainian President Yushchenko posthumously awarded Bandera a "Hero of Ukraine", and Ukraine himself was very hilarious, but he was so angry that the big wave next door had a high blood pressure attack: Have you forgotten the 100,000 Poles who died in the Warren massacre? Then UPA also became a righteous volunteer, a veteran who killed with the Nazis, who could receive a high pension and was pulled out as a hero to be cheered; while the real anti-fascist veterans were humiliated and scolded by the gangsters over and over again. The plight of Major General Alexei Fedorov (1901-1989), a prominent Ukrainian guerrilla general and twice a hero of the Soviet Union, is proof of this.
In 1943, the Germans and Hungarians repeatedly carried out systematic executions of Ukrainian residents in the Chernihiv region. Fedorov, after hearing that the Germans had escorted the latest batch of Ukrainian children and women to the town of Kolukovka, decided to take the risk of attacking the town, using guerrillas to fight the regular army and rescue civilians. Although he paid heavy casualties, he really rescued people.
Fedorov
However, in retaliation for Fedorov, German SS soldiers, Hungarian soldiers and Ukrainian puppet army police formed a crusade, not to fight the guerrillas, but to massacre the town's residents, killing about 6,700 people. All the survivors defected to Fedorov, doubling the number of his guerrillas.
Today's Ukraine actually accuses Fedorov of saying that it is all your fault, that it is you who attacked the Germans without authorization, that the Ukrainian civilians who were harmed were slaughtered, that you were a "traitor" and a "traitor." This kind of talk must sound particularly brain-dead to us, but it has indeed become the mainstream in Today's Ukraine.
Now the Ukrainian neo-Nazis hold some old photos of Ukrainians eating pot paste to welcome the Nazi king's teacher, and hype "German-Ukrainian goodwill, German-Ukrainian friendship", in the mouth of the neo-Nazis, the whole of Ukraine has become pro-Nazi, so are they right?
Let's see if we look at this picture. The entire Soviet Union, Russia + Belarus + Ukraine, the three major republics, provided the SS with a mere 60,000 soldiers, divided into Ukraine, up to 20,000 people, and then look at the rest of Europe, even Luxembourg, which is a big nose, contributed 2,000, not to mention the Netherlands, Belgium and Latvia.
At his peak, the pseudo-military and civilian regiment UPA only had 200,000 people, and the troops of the duanshui master Browitz were even fewer, and only ten thousand people. So, can the mere 300,000 troops in this regard really represent the will of all the ukrainian people?
In fact, when the Soviets came back, the Ukrainian people really "welcomed the king's division". In just two months, the 2nd Ukrainian Front mobilized 265,000 men in the former German-occupied areas, and throughout 1944, the number of Soviet conscripts in Ukraine was close to one million, and many people fought all the way to Berlin and Vienna.
Let's look at another set of data to understand. The Soviet Union lost nearly 27 million people in World War II, of whom 8.8 million were Ukrainians. Of those 8.8 million, 4.497 million were Ukrainian civilians, including Ethnic Ukrainians, Russians and Jews, who died directly in various mass killings. Living in the Soviet Union, the good villains are still Soviet citizens; under the rule of the Germans, they are not even human, and their families wear filial piety. Would they have supported the Nazis in the massacre of their own loved ones?
Therefore, today's Ukraine is actually inventing history, the purpose of which is, of course, to completely negate the Soviet Union and incite populist sentiments for the government's anti-communist and anti-Soviet and anti-Russian policies.
Finally, once again rejoicing for the old guerrilla hero Fedorov, who died on the eve of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989, at least without having to look at this magical world, is it not a kind of happiness? Well, today's video is here, I am your old ink, the next issue is not seen or scattered, I wish everyone the success of their hearts.
Resources:
A History of Ukraine by Paul Kubiesek
Reflections on 101 Important Questions of Soviet Truth, Xinhua Publishing House
Europe's Gate: A 2000 History of Ukraine by Purokki
A History of Russia by Ryazanovsky, Steinberg
How Steel is Made by Ostrovsky
The Truth About Several Points of Contention in Soviet History by Wu Enyuan
Ukrainian Nationalist Organizations in Historical Truth by Shen Lihua
The Ukrainian Question by Trotsky