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These are China's synchrotron radiation light sources, located in Beijing, Shanghai, Hefei, the three comprehensive national science centers.
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A magnifying glass, a nautilus and an eye, what are these? These are China's synchrotron radiation light sources, located in Beijing, Shanghai, Hefei, the three comprehensive national science centers (https://www.cas.cn/zkyzs/2021/07/306/cmsm/202107/t20210713_4798210.shtml).
First, let's explain synchrotron radiation. It is the electromagnetic wave emitted by charged particles with a speed close to the speed of light when they make circular motions in a magnetic field, that is, light, so the synchrotron radiation device is a light source. For example, when it rains, turn the umbrella, and there will be raindrops thrown out along the tangent direction of the umbrella, which is like synchrotron radiation (what is synchrotron radiation?). Turn the umbrella on a rainy day to know | Xie Zhi). As a light source, synchrotron radiation can change continuously from far infrared to X-ray, with high intensity, high collimation, high polarization, precise control and other excellent properties, so they are important big scientific engineering. There are many users who use synchrotron radiation to run various tasks and detect the structure of matter.
The energy of synchrotron radiation is not as high as possible, and different energy regions correspond to different detection tasks. Synchrotron radiation light sources in Beijing, Shanghai and Hefei cover high, medium and low energy areas respectively.
The Synchrotron Radiation Light Source of the University of Science and Technology of China was completed in 1983 and is the first synchrotron radiation light source and the first national laboratory in mainland China. Now it is preparing to build Hefei Advanced Light Source (HALF), the project goal is the international advanced low-energy zone fourth generation synchrotron radiation light source, the scientific goal is to achieve complex system electronic state, chemical state, light element structure accurate measurement.
Beijing's High Energy Synchrotron Radiation Light Source (HEPS) is under construction and is expected to be completed in 2025. It will become one of the world's brightest fourth-generation synchrotron radiation light sources, which can provide nanospace resolution, picosecond time resolution, millielectronvolt energy resolution of synchronous light, and analyze the full-cycle process of material structure generation and evolution through multi-dimensional, real-time, in situ representation of microstructure.
Shanghai's third-generation synchrotron radiation light source, Shanghai Light Source (SSRF), was completed in 2009 and by the end of 2020, it has served more than 31,500 users in more than 3,100 research groups in 571 units across the country, and has produced a number of major achievements. For example, in 2020, a series of protein structure studies to help mainland scientists cope with the new crown epidemic have made breakthroughs. The second phase of the project is currently underway and is expected to be open to users in 2022. In the future, SSRF will be the first to upgrade to a fifth-generation light source with both synchrotron radiation high repetition frequency and high stability, as well as high coherence of free electron lasers.
Magnifying glass, Nautilus and eyes, which shape do you prefer?