Wenzhou's military movement was a failure
Shortly after the "Yantou Incident", in July 1932, Hu Gongmian returned to Yantou with several young cadres, wanting to reorganize the Red Thirteenth Army and make a comeback. He decided to do the work of the soldiers within the Kuomintang first, to win the uprising, to get a batch of guns to inspire the revolutionary morale of the masses, to build confidence, and to re-strengthen the ranks of the Red Army.
Hu Gongmian started with the two battalions stationed at Yantou, and within a few days, through his old friends and student relations, most of the officers and men of the first battalion agreed to the uprising. Hu Gongmian informed all localities to concentrate their troops and prepare to set out to surrender their guns. However, it backfired, and it was the turn of the second battalion to send out the sentry that night. At that time, the Kuomintang soldiers were stationed in a two-entry ancestral hall in Yantou, with two battalions stationed in front and one battalion stationed in the rear, and in this case, it was difficult to start. So I decided to wait another night. More than 100 Red Army guerrillas were scattered five feet away, only five miles away from the enemy, but the enemy was unaware.
The next night, the Red Army team set out in the dark, first ambushing in a nunnery on the hill behind the rock head. After a while, the traffic officer who went to make contact told him: Usually, the Kuomintang soldiers all came out to play at night, but today all of them did not leave the camp in a quiet place, as if martial law was like martial law, and even the people who had made an appointment could not get in touch. Decided not to fight a risky battle. When Tian's troops withdrew five feet, the Kuomintang troops also marched: one battalion headed for Wenzhou, and the other battalion to the north of Yubei. Later, when I inquired, this happened by chance, and I encountered the Kuomintang troops to adjust the defense, and there was no leakage of "heavenly opportunity."
Hu Gongmian
In August, Hu Gongmian went to YongjiaCheng District (Wenzhou) to carry out military movement and counter-offensive work. The 12 companies of the provincial security regiment stationed in Wenzhou, several of which were commanders, were his students and acquaintances, and there were many Nanxi people in the Kuomintang troops in the city. With these connections in mind, he sent people to work in the Kuomintang troops stationed in Wenzhou. After secret work, the officers and men of the 9 companies agreed to participate in the uprising. Subsequently, Hu Gongmian and others held a secret meeting in the hut of The Liaoliao Mountain in the village of Yongjia West Bank, set up a military movement command, and decided that at 6 p.m. on August 23, the inside and outside echoed and attacked the headquarters of the Kuomintang Security Regiment in Wenzhou by separate routes.
After the meeting, the Red Army troops from all over Yongjia Xi'anxi were notified to arrive at the prescribed place in Wenzhou on time. The revolutionary fire of Yongjia Xinanxi was burning again. Secretly buried guns were taken out of caves, cellars, and vegetable gardens. The Red Army team quickly rushed to Wenzhou. The wooden shell gun was transported in a charcoal basket, and the spear was clipped in the grass mat and carried in. Zhongshan Park is a secret gathering point, where 15 people specialize in snacking and conveying orders from the Military Movement Command.
In order to further accurately understand the deployment of the Kuomintang troops in the urban areas, people were sent deep into the Tiger's Den to the regimental headquarters of the Kuomintang army to listen to the facts. Xu Banglan, a red army worker, dressed in a straight yellow military uniform, dressed as a Kuomintang regimental commander, carried 3 messenger soldiers, carried wooden shell guns, and swung into the regimental headquarters of the Kuomintang army. A regimental deputy of the Kuomintang army in the urban area, surnamed Zhu, watched the "film" and had no doubts, believing that it was the officers and men sent by Nanjing to inspect the work, and honestly reported on the deployment of troops in the city.
Everything was in place, and more than 400 Red Army soldiers were distributed in designated locations throughout the city, and banks were also designated to be guarded. The 18 watches specially purchased by the command headquarters, right and right, were distributed to the commanders of all walks of life, ready to arrive at 6 p.m. and begin to attack the regimental headquarters. At about 4 p.m. on August 23, a military movement group was destroyed, and the Kuomintang army ordered martial law in the whole city to search the Red Army.
After receiving this information, the Military Movement Headquarters quickly sent someone to inform the Red Army soldiers and retreated to the east gate and the south gate separately. Due to the strong response measures, the Kuomintang officers and soldiers who had been "moved" were also reluctant to capture the Red Army fighters, so there was no loss of personnel and weapons in this operation. After the failure of the Wenzhou military movement, Hu Gongmian secretly returned to Shanghai.
The red flag in the northwest mountainous area does not fall
The "Rock Head Incident" marked the disintegration of the main force of the Red Thirteenth Army, but the armed struggle of the Red Thirteenth Army in southern Zhejiang did not end there. Jin Yonghong of Xianju, Dai Zhongfei of Xikou Village, and Zheng Jiuyuan of Cangshan Fenshui Village each took cover, and scattered their armed detachments in the northwestern mountainous areas of Yongjia, such as Yantan, Xikou, Cangshan, Chen Ao, Biaoshan, Pankeng, and Baiyan, to persist in revolutionary struggle.
After the "Rock Head Incident", more than 30 backbones and warriors under Lei Gaosheng's subordinates who did not want to go down the mountain joined the Xianju Jin Yonghong Department to persist in the struggle at the edge of Yongxian Jin. Under the powerful offensive of the Kuomintang army, Jin Yonghong adopted the strategy of breaking up into pieces to actively guerrilla. On August 24, 1932, an ambush was set up at the mouth of the Silla Horse Riding Pit in Xianju County to crush the Kuomintang troops who "encircled and suppressed" the Red Army. In October, the Xianju Red Army guerrillas were under the leadership of the Yongkang Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China, stopped using the red thirteenth army number, the guerrillas of Yongjia and Yongkang returned to their original hometowns, and Jin Yonghong led the Red Army guerrillas of more than 50 people from Xianju to persist in the struggle in the liudukeng and Wanzhuwangkeng areas.
In September 1932, 30 or 40 members of Zheng Jiuyuan's team hid in a natural village on the hill of Chen Ao Village in Lixi Township, Yantou District, but unexpectedly there was a traitor in Chen Ao Village, who led the Kuomintang troops to the cave to hunt down, and Zheng Jiuyuan and others escaped from the village and hid in a cave in Yubei Village. The Kuomintang troops chased after the cave and surrounded the cave, and Zheng Jiuyuan and 3 other people rushed out of the encirclement circle and absconded over the mountains to baoliao (material) village in Ningxi, Huangyan County. Soon, he took his family up the mountain, set up huts on the mountain, and while farming for a living, he continued to contact the Red Army in the rock tan to organize armed workers and persist in the struggle.
On the eve of the Qingming Festival in 1933, Chen Hua, the leader of the Kuomintang Yongjia County", the "Nine Township Regiment" (or "Qingxiang Regiment", permanently stationed in Yingkeng Township, Bilian District), was ordered to Go to Xikou to "encircle and suppress" the Red Army. Dai Zhongfei and the others had already learned of the intelligence a day earlier. Dai Zhongfei and more than 10 other backbone Red Army personnel were concentrated in an ambush in a wheat field in Xiaozhouyuan Village, and more than 10 other Red Army fighters also scattered in ambush to see the opportunity.
At about 8:00 a.m. on the same day, when Chen Hua's "Jiuxiang Regiment" advance team was passing through Xiaozhouyuan Village, Dai Zhongfei ordered shooting, and the "Jiuxiang Regiment" advance team held its head and flew away. Less than an hour later, Chen Hua's main force arrived and concentrated its forces to attack the Red Army.
Due to the huge difference in strength between the two sides, in order to reduce the casualties of The Red Army fighters, Dai Zhongfei ordered the evacuation and retreat as soon as possible. When retreating, Dai Zhongfei's gun bullets were finished and he was surrounded by several powerful regimental soldiers, who struggled to break away from the other side and escape. After that, he moved to Shuangjian Palace, Pankeng and other places, hid for several days, and then returned to Xikou.
One day in the autumn of 1935, Wang Ruilie of Yubei Village learned that Dai Xiangshuai (permanently stationed in Xikou Township) and Chen Hua, two Kuomintang Yongjia County regimental commanders, had gone to Yongjia District (Wenzhou) to report to Dai Fuquan, the Kuomintang Yongjia County Party Headquarters, on the situation of "advancing and suppressing" the Red Army, and held an emergency meeting in Yubei Village.
At the meeting, Wang Ruilie made a specific analysis: Dai Xiangshuai may return from Baotou Village to Yantou to Xikou, or from the Longhe Ferry to Fenglin to Xikou, and it is the most ideal place to set up an ambush at the Longhe Crossing, whether Dai Xiangshuai goes straight up the rock or turns to Fenglin, he can be ambushed here.
Finally, the meeting made arrangements for the division of labor: Dai Zhongfei's contingent at Xikou sent several people to Wenzhou to inquire about the time when Dai Xiangshuai returned to Nanxi to start a boat; Wang Ruilie and Zheng Jiuyuan led some armed personnel to infiltrate Xiarichuan Village separately and hire a boat to dock at the head of the Longhe River crossing beachhead, with the armed personnel hiding on the boat; and other Red Army guerrillas sent a few people to spy on Dai Xiangshuai at Shatoubu and escorted them.
Information from Sha tou arrived that Dai Xiangshuai was sitting in a sedan with only two guards carrying a wooden-shelled gun each. According to this, according to the prior deployment, Zheng Jiuyuan and others were ambushed in the Longhe ferry. When Dai Xiangshuai arrived at the Longhe Ferry and got off the car and boarded the boat, Zheng Jiuyuan and others quickly approached the port and shot and killed Dai Xiangshuai. Dai's guards handed over their wooden-shelled guns and begged for their lives. Zheng Jiuyuan and the others retrieved a pistol from Dai Xiangshuai's body.
Dai Xiangshuai was suppressed, which was a heavy blow to Dai Fuquan. Believing that the throat of Xikou must not be lost, he chose Dai Xiangshuai's eldest son, Dai Xian (Xian), to take over his father's post as the head of the Xikou militia. In the spring of 1936, Dai Dedicated posted notices everywhere, offering a reward of 120 silver dollars for the arrest of Dai Zhongfei. On the evening of August 4, when Dai Zhongfei fell asleep in the corridor of Yekeng Village in Yantan Town, he was caught by Dai Xian's secret faction and shot dead.
In June 1937, under the meticulous deployment of Wang Ruilie, one night when he was acting in Xikou Village, Zheng Jiuyuan led the Red Army guerrillas to the stage to stalk Dai Dedication, the general of the Xikou militia regiment, and when the play reached the original, he shot and killed Dai Dedication. In the summer of 1943, Zheng Jiuyuan got in touch with the Oubei County Committee of the Communist Party of China, joined the Communist Party of China in the winter of the same year, developed a military engineering team, and continued to carry out armed struggle in Huangyan.
The spark of Yong, Xian and Huangbian areas will not be extinguished
After the disintegration of the main force of the Red Thirteenth Army, Li Shouqing, Qian Ruifu, and Chen Miaode in the Area of Yong (Jia) Xian (Ju) Huang (Yan) and Lingtou persisted in armed struggle.
In Linkeng Village, Qian Ruipu used Zhangxi Longtan as a base and insisted on operating on the border between Yongjia and Huangyan. At that time, Li Qihai's team from The Mid-Levels Village of Lingtou Township remained in the Lingtou area and insisted on fighting, so the two teams merged and fought side by side. In the winter of 1932, the team expanded to more than 90 people, and the Red Army guerrillas captured the two Kuomintang township offices in the North Pavilion and the South Pavilion, capturing 12 rifles and a batch of ammunition.
In the spring of 1933, the strength of a regiment of the Kuomintang army slammed into the garrison of Li Qihai's department in the mid-levels village. The terrain of the mid-mountain village was complex, the mountains were high and densely forested, and the Kuomintang army had no choice but to retreat.
In September, the Nationalist forces in Wenzhou and Taiwan once again advanced into the village of Banshan and attacked Qian Ruifu and Li Qihai. Under the coercion of the Kuomintang army and the harsh environment, Li Qihai lost his revolutionary will and intended to surrender, but was resolutely opposed by Qian Rui and others.
Later, Li Qihai still took advantage of the gap to hand over the weapons of Qian Rui's troops and defected to the Kuomintang. Qian Rui was highly vigilant and did not suffer from poisonous hands, and was able to escape from danger. Qian Rui fell ill and lay in bed, his armed forces were forced to disband, and some Red Army fighters only regained contact with the party organization in the early days of the War of Resistance.
Chen Miaode's department in Nanzheng Village, which was associated with the Red Army contingent of grape pits, continued revolutionary activities in the Nanzheng area, and the contingent expanded to more than 70 people. On January 15, 1937, the troops were active in xiaoling village in Huangnan Township, preparing to hand over the guns of the Kuomintang Huangnan Township Office. Because of the betrayal of the traitor Pan Moumou (Lingtou), he was scattered by Li Zihe, the commander of the Kuomintang Yongjia County Self-Defense Force stationed in Lixi Township, and Chen Miaode was brutally killed.
Li Shouqing took the small long pit as the center of his activities and persisted in the struggle. In February 1937, Zheng Jiuyuan and others planned to attack the Kuomintang Yongjia County militia regiment stationed in Qianshan Village on the south bank, and Li Shouqing led more than 20 people to participate in the battle. In this battle, Li Shouqing was resourceful and brave, and calmly responded to the battle.
When he found that the bullets in his pistol were about to run out, several fighters were arranged to quickly hand over the bullets, and asked the soldiers not to be merciful, but to resolutely and fiercely strike Zhou Jieyu (throw). In this battle, Zhou Shiqiu, the younger brother of Zhou Yifu (Throw), was killed by the Red Army guerrillas, and Zhou Washu (Throw) was wounded in both feet and retreated to the mangkhut forest on the south bank, and fled to Chaogang (the lower nanxi area) that night.
The five-foot military-civilian struggle continued
In addition to Hu Gongmian, the commander and fighter of the Red Army, Hu Xiehe, the captain of the Great (Vertical) Brigade, and Hu Yanzhen, the captain of the direct subordinate military department, there were Pan Shanqin, Hu Jinjin, Hu Jinfu, Hu Zhensheng and other people in the company, and 119 people in the whole village joined the Red Army. After the "Rock Head Incident," the Red Army in Wuzhi and its surrounding areas of Shuidong, Shuixi, Cangshan, and Biaoshan scattered and concealed themselves, and persisted in the struggle.
On July 19, 1932, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Bao Fourth Regiment formed a "clearance and suppression" team of more than 500 people to carry out a sudden "clean-up" of Wuzhi Village. A total of 108 villagers were arrested, and they were tortured with all kinds of poisons, but they were always unyielding, and none of them betrayed the revolution or betrayed their comrades, showing the revolutionary spirit of the people in the guerrilla base areas who were loyal and indomitable. Those who were released and returned home, together with the Red Army in the base areas, continued to persist in the revolutionary struggle.
One day in the early winter of 1932, the Zhejiang Fourth Regiment dispatched a company of about 80 officers and men to garrison five feet to "encircle and suppress." This time, the Kuomintang wanted to adopt a "soft method" and demanded that the five-foot Red Army come to "renew itself." The Fourth Regiment of Zhejiang Bao was heavily guarded against the five feet, and sent troops to patrol day and night, stirring up the five feet and adjacent villages day and night, and the chickens and dogs were restless.
Local men over the age of 18 did not dare to stay at home at night, and some Red Army fighters left their hometowns and moved to the area around Jinhua and Lanxi for covert activities. In addition to arresting and interrogating people at five feet, the Fourth Regiment of Zhejiang Bao also mobilized to register "self-renewal" in tenggen, Yangshan, and other places near the five feet. No one in Wuzhi Village confided his true feelings to the Kuomintang troops, and the situation reflected in the neighboring villages was irrelevant.
Despite the severe white terror, the five-foot army and civilians still resisted in different forms. The guard posts of the Kuomintang army were attacked by Red Army explosives packages from time to time at night. In early January 1933, for three consecutive nights, two Kuomintang military posts in the north and south of the village were bombed one after another, and two Kuomintang soldiers were seriously injured. The five-foot officers and men of the Zhejiang Fourth Regiment were worried day and night, lest they die here at the end of the year, and quietly withdrew one day in mid-January (mid-December of the lunar calendar).
Early in the early spring of 1933, Chen Hua, commander of the Kuomintang Yongjia Self-Defense Regiment, led the "Nine Townships Regiment" to five feet to "encircle and suppress." Hu Yanzhen's vigilance was particularly high, and he insisted on watching at the entrance of the village. On this day, he vaguely saw suspicious people entering the village, alertly rushed to the "eight-character gate" at the entrance of the village, fired several shots as a signal, and several Red Army soldiers quickly reached the commanding heights of the back mountain.
At that time, there were only 3 guns, how to repel Chen Hua's troops? They adopted the qianshan gun to fire the back mountain, and the rear mountain gun to shoot the front mountain, and the suspicious military technique of attacking the west from the east to the west caused Chen Hua's troops not to dare to enter the village and harass. A Red Army sharpshooter, when he saw that there was a small group of Kuomintang soldiers entering the village at the mouth of the village (low gate), shot first.
The Nationalist soldiers concentrated their fire to fight back, and the left hand of the Red Army sharpshooter was wounded by a missile. At this moment, a Red Army soldier took two shots in a row, and then another Red Army soldier also returned fire, so that the Nationalist soldiers did not dare to advance half a step. When the morning fog cleared, the soldiers and civilians in the village went up the mountain one after another to prepare to launch a counterattack, and the Kuomintang army saw that the situation was not good and retreated along the creek.
Between the autumn and winter of 1933, two Red Army soldiers in Shuidong Village were shot and killed by the Kuomintang regiments of Biaoshan Village and Shuidong Village respectively. The Five-Foot Red Army deliberated, believing that if the Kuomintang group in the neighboring village of Shuidong was not eradicated, the Red Army that remained at five feet would not be at peace.
On February 27, 1934, the five-foot Red Army, together with Dai Zhongfei of Xikou and Zheng Jiuyuan of Cangshan, and more than 10 other people, suppressed Zheng Lufu, the general of the ShuidongCun Kuomintang group, at the ShuidongCun Casino. The reactionary forces in Wuzhigang were extremely shocked, and many regimental soldiers took the initiative to give their weapons to the Red Army, expressing remorse and self-reliance.
The struggle of the five-foot Red Army persisted until the period of the War of Resistance Against Japan. In 1937, the Five Feet Village organization established the Five Feet Branch of the Anti-Japanese Wartime Youth Service Regiment.
The struggle between the Yongle Border Region and the Twenty-Four Ridges Area
In the early days of the Red Thirteenth Army, Zhuo Pingxi of Zhushan Village pulled up a Red Army team at the steep gate. After the "Yantou Dongzong Incident", Zhuo Pingxi led the remnants to persist in the struggle in the area of Zhushan Village and Quan'an Village in Qiaomen Township on the border of Yong (Jia) Le (Qing), and the team gradually expanded to more than 80 people.
In February 1934, one night just after the Spring Festival, Ye Nainian, deputy head of the Kuomintang Yueqing County Self-Defense Regiment, led the troops and surrounded the villages of Quan'an and Zhushan with more than 200 landlords led by Xue Yuchen, the township chief of Zhenyuan Township. Zhuo Pingxi and several comrades-in-arms picked up the wooden shell gun, slid down the pillar from the gap in the wall on the upper floor, and rushed out of the window.
When the Nationalist troops found out, they shot and Shot, and Zhuo Pingxi quickly jumped into a stream and was not hit because it was dark. He climbed the south bank and rushed to chiyan mountain to organize the red army to defend it. Due to the disparity between the crowds, the Red Rock Mountain stronghold was breached, and the Red Army had to retreat. In this battle, many Red Army members and their families were arrested.
The Kuomintang troops escorted the red army members and their families to the ancestral hall of Quan'an Village and brutally tortured them. The Red Army members were beaten to death. A Member of the Red Army was cut off one of his ears and bleeding profusely.
After hearing the news, Liu Weixiong, who was active in Baishi, Yueqing, met with Zhuo Pingxi and decided to leave Yongjia for Shanghai after consultation. In April 1934, the situation deteriorated further, and the Yong (Jia) Le (Qing) border Red Army detachment disintegrated. After the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Communist Party of Southern Zhejiang cooperated for the second time, and Zhuo Pingxi returned to his hometown to organize the Anti-Japanese Self-Defense Army and engage in the struggle against Japan and salvation.
Located southwest of Yongjia, the 24-long area had more than 1,300 people joined the Red Army. After the main force of the Red Thirteenth Army disintegrated, the Kuomintang troops repeatedly went to the 24th Ridge area to kill people and set fires. In the village of Twenty-Four Ridges in the Twenty-Four Ridges area, 47 people were brutally killed. The Kuomintang Yongjia authorities have issued orders on several occasions to strictly control the entry of non-local personnel into the village of 24 Ridge.
The remnants of the Red Army in the Twenty-Four Ridges area were not afraid of the frenzied hunting and killing of the Kuomintang troops and persisted in the struggle. In November 1932, the 24th Red Army fought fiercely with the Kuomintang Yongjia County Nanxi Militia Regiment at Liaoshan Mountain, and the Red Army guerrillas lost 1 person. In the same month, at the mouth of The Mountain Pit, a battle was fought with the Kuomintang Yongjia County Bridge Militia Regiment, and the Red Army members lost 1 person and were arrested.
In February 1933, the 24th Red Army cooperated with Zhuo Pingxi's troops in Quan'an Village and Zhushan Village on the border of Yong (Jia) Le (Qing) to fight. On May 2, 1935, the 24th Red Army guerrillas engaged in a fierce battle with the Kuomintang Yongjia County Li Mao Militia Regiment, in which 4 people were killed. At this point, the struggle of the remnants of the Twenty-Fourth Ridge Red Army was over.