Recently
Office of the Leading Group for the Protection of Minors in Yunnan Province
Issued the "Implementation Opinions on Strengthening the Protection of Minors"
Six key tasks are proposed
Escort "small saplings" to grow into "towering trees"
The details are as follows
First, the general requirements
(1) Guiding ideology
Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instructions on the protection of minors, especially the spirit of the important speech in Yunnan, fully implement the spirit of the 19th Party Congress, the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Plenary Sessions of the 19th CPC Central Committee, and the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on the protection of minors, based on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, and build a new development pattern, with the fundamental purpose of meeting the people's growing needs for a better life, Further strengthen organizational leadership, improve operational mechanisms, strengthen system construction, and complete service systems, truly protecting minors' physical and mental health and protecting minors' lawful rights and interests.
(2) Basic principles
Persist in the Party's leadership over efforts to protect minors. Carry out the party's leadership throughout all aspects of the entire process of protecting minors, closely centering on the overall layout of the "five-in-one" and coordinating the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, persisting in the integration of ideological and moral education and safeguarding the protection of rights and interests, vigorously cultivating and practicing the core socialist values, cultivating socialist builders and successors with ideals, morality, culture, and discipline, and cultivating new people of the times who shoulder the great responsibility of national rejuvenation.
Adhere to the principle of the best interests of minors. Take lawfully ensuring that minors equally enjoy the rights to subsistence, development, protection, and participation, and promote the comprehensive and healthy growth of minors as the starting point and foothold, giving priority to the interests and needs of minors in areas such as the formulation of laws and regulations, policy planning, and allocation of public resources, and always putting minors' rights and interests and comprehensive and healthy growth in the first place in handling minors' affairs, ensuring that minors receive special and priority protection in accordance with law.
Persist in systematic planning and overall planning. Strengthen overall planning, overall layout, and overall advancement, effectively giving play to the role of coordination mechanisms for the protection of minors at all levels in overall planning, coordination, supervision, and guidance, focusing on making up for shortcomings, strengths and weaknesses, and strengthening top-level design and departmental collaboration. Persist in the political, mass, epochal, and coordinated nature of efforts to protect minors, actively promote the participation of all parties in efforts to protect minors, and build a new era pattern of "six-in-one" efforts to protect minors in the family, school, social, network, government, and judicial protection.
(3) Overall objectives
By 2025, the institutional mechanism for the protection of minors that links the upper and lower levels and coordinates and links departments has basically taken shape, the system has been gradually improved, the local regulations, rules, and policies linked to the Law on the Protection of Minors have been continuously improved, the work force has been effectively strengthened, the incidence of cases of infringement on the lawful rights and interests of minors has decreased significantly, and the atmosphere of the whole society's concern for the healthy growth of minors has been significantly enhanced. By 2035, a work system for the protection of minors that is compatible with the economic and social development of our province and the development strategy of the population will be fully established, and strengthening the protection of minors will become the consciousness of action of all departments, industries and all sectors of society, and will become one of the prominent symbols of the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country, and the rights of minors to survive, develop, protect, and participate will be more fully guaranteed.
2. Key tasks
(1) Further strengthen family guardianship responsibilities
1. Further strengthen family guardianship guidance and help. Family guardianship is the basis for ensuring the healthy growth of minors, and all localities should increase the intensity of publicity and training on laws and regulations related to family guardianship and health education, guide minors' parents or other guardians to perform guardianship duties in accordance with law, continuously raise awareness of lawful performance of guardianship duties and family education subject responsibility, consolidate and strengthen the main responsibility for family guardianship, and raise, educate, and protect minors. It is necessary to continuously promote the construction of a family education guidance service system, strengthen the construction and role of parent schools and family education guidance service sites, and provide public welfare family education guidance services for minors' parents or other guardians or entrusted persons at least once a year. Where marriage registration organs handle divorce registration and people's courts hear cases such as divorce, inheritance, maintenance, guardianship, or visitation involving minor children, they should conduct family education guidance for the parties related to the protection of minors, guide the parties to fully hear the opinions of minors who have the ability to express their will, and properly handle matters such as the upbringing, education, visitation, and property of minor children.
2. Further implement and improve family guardianship support policies. All localities and departments should fully implement the maternity leave system such as maternity leave and the relevant provisions on breastfeeding time, and encourage and support localities with the capacity to explore and carry out childcare leave pilots. Strengthen family care support and guidance, and enhance family scientific parenting capabilities. Where conditions permit, explore giving preferential treatment to public services such as water and electricity for families lawfully adopting orphans and disabled children, and for families whose non-biological parents exercise guardianship. When allocating public rental housing, local governments should give appropriate consideration to families that meet the local housing security conditions and have minor children in the selection of household types according to the number of minor children. It is necessary to speed up the regional layout of child welfare institutions in accordance with local conditions and further expand the social service functions of child welfare institutions, promote the expansion of child welfare institutions' social service functions that integrate collective, governance, teaching, recreation and professional social work services, and explore the provision of services to children with social disabilities.
3. Further strengthen family guardianship supervision. Village (resident) committees, schools, kindergartens, childcare establishments, and other relevant organizations should supervise minors' parents or other guardians' performance of guardianship. When state organs, village (resident) committees, or units with close contact with minors discover that minors' parents or other guardians refuse or neglect to perform their guardianship responsibilities, they should dissuade, stop, or criticize and educate them, and urge them to perform their guardianship duties;
4. Further increase the intensity of handling guardians' conduct infringing on the rights and interests of minors in accordance with law. Where minors' parents or other guardians fail to perform their guardianship duties in accordance with law or where the circumstances of infringing upon minors' lawful rights and interests are serious, the village (resident) committee should promptly report to the local public security organs, and where the public security organs receive the report or the public security organs, people's procuratorates, or people's courts discover that the above-mentioned circumstances exist in the course of handling a case, they should be reprimanded and ordered to accept family education guidance. Guardians are to be urged and supported in accordance with law for guardianship violations such as seriously harming minors' physical and mental health and lawful rights and interests, or failing to perform guardianship duties, causing minors to be in a state of distress. It is necessary to strengthen publicity, guidance, and warning education, and promptly announce to the public cases of handling guardians' violations of minors' rights and interests.
(2) Further strengthen school protection efforts
5. Further strengthen ideological and moral education for minors. The administrative departments for education should guide schools to carry out in-depth study and publicity on communism, socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the Chinese dream, persist in cultivating people with virtue, cultivate and practice the core socialist values, guide the vast number of minors to listen to the party, follow the party, and cultivate good ideological character and behavioral habits; they should guide schools to strengthen publicity and education on the "Civil Code of the People's Republic of China" and the newly revised "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors", "The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency" and other laws and regulations. Thoroughly carry out education on the rule of law for minors, raising students' awareness of abiding by the law and protecting themselves in accordance with law. It is necessary to actively give play to the role of league organizations, deepen the cooperation between league schools and league teachers, strengthen the role of the Young Pioneers in practicing and educating people, and strengthen the ideological and moral guidance of minors.
6. Further improve and implement the school protection system. Administrative departments for education should implement the "Provisions on the Protection of Schools for Minors", take the lead in comprehensively integrating and improving supporting policies and systems for school protection, and supervise and guide schools to perform their protection duties. It is necessary to strengthen the cooperation of police academies, improve the campus security risk prevention and control system and the mechanism for handling them according to law, strengthen the comprehensive management of the campus periphery, and severely crack down on illegal and criminal acts involving the safety of schools and students. Schools should establish a safety management system, strengthen safety publicity, education and drills such as anti-bullying, traffic safety, emergency risk avoidance and self-help, and prevention of criminal acts against minors, and continuously improve students' safety awareness and self-protection capabilities. Schools that use school buses should strengthen the safety management and use of school buses, establish and improve the safety management system for school buses, allocate safety management personnel, regularly conduct safety inspections on school buses, conduct safety education for school bus drivers, explain to minors the knowledge of safe riding on school buses, and cultivate skills for handling emergency handling of school bus safety accidents for minors. It is necessary to strengthen the management of campus food safety, and strictly implement the system of principals (principals) concentrating on meals, parent representatives accompanying meals, and dining information disclosure. Promote the implementation of full coverage of after-school services in compulsory education schools, connect with the normal local off-hours, and solve the problem of parents' difficulties in picking up students.
7. Further strengthen the prevention of student bullying. Education administrative departments should further improve and implement the evaluation mechanism, include the prevention and control of student bullying in the scope of responsible supervision, and refine and promote the implementation as an important content of education quality evaluation and work evaluation. It is necessary to establish, improve and implement the student bullying reporting system, formulate a list of responsibilities for the prevention and control of student bullying, and consolidate post responsibilities. Schools should improve school rules and discipline, improve education and punishment work mechanisms, conduct regular and comprehensive investigations, promptly discover signs or hidden danger points, immediately stop bullying by students, organize the implementation of bullying and bullying of minor students' parents or other guardians to jointly participate in the identification and handling of bullying behavior; promptly do a good job of psychological counseling, education, and guidance for relevant minor students; according to the nature and extent of bullying, strengthen discipline in accordance with law, and for serious bullying behavior, promptly report to the local public security organs, The administrative department of education shall report and cooperate with the relevant departments to deal with it in accordance with the law.
8. Further strengthen innovation in school protection work mechanisms. Administrative departments for education should implement the assessment system for school protection work, periodically organize or entrust a third party to conduct assessments of schools' performance of their legally prescribed duties to protect students within their jurisdiction, and include the assessment results in the scope of school management level evaluations and principals' evaluations; establish student mental health guidance service organizations to carry out assessments of students' mental health. Strictly implement the system of access and inquiry of information on sexual assault violations and crimes and the system of restrictions on employment, teacher qualification accreditation bodies should conduct information inquiries on sexual assault violations and crimes for teacher qualification applicants, education administrative departments should conduct information screening of sexual assault violations and crimes for in-service teachers and staff, and schools should conduct sexual assault and criminal information inquiries for newly recruited teachers, administrative personnel, miscellaneous personnel, security personnel, and other teachers and staff working on campus before they enter the school, and if sexual assault and crime information is found through inquiry, they will not be identified. Prompt termination of employment contracts and non-employment. It is necessary to fully match and give full play to the role of "vice presidents for the rule of law" and "rule of law counselors", connect relevant resources, and normalize the development of diversified rule of law education and rule of law practice activities such as "the rule of law entering the campus", organizing moot courts, interpreting the law by case, and opening online courses on the rule of law, educating and guiding minors to abide by discipline and the law. Rely on primary and secondary schools and communities to build juvenile police academies, strengthening rule of law education and safety education for minors. Education administrative departments and schools and relevant departments should strengthen cooperation, through cooperation or purchase of services, the introduction of professional social forces to participate in student management services, through the establishment of school social workstations, the establishment of social jobs, etc., to provide professional social work services for teachers and students.
(3) Further increase the intensity of social protection
9. Fully implement the mandatory reporting system. All relevant departments in all localities should strengthen publicity, training, and education guidance on mandatory reporting of laws, regulations, and policy measures, guiding and guiding local state organs, village (resident) committees, units with close contact with minors, organizations, and their staff to actively perform their obligation to make mandatory reports of incidents of abuse against minors, and increase awareness and ability to identify, discover, and report. After public security organs receive a report or report suspected of infringing on the rights and interests of minors, they should immediately accept and handle it in accordance with law, feedback the progress of the case to the unit reporting the case within three days of accepting the case or filing the case, and inform the reporting unit before transferring it for review and prosecution. Where units with reporting obligations and their staff fail to perform their reporting duties, causing serious consequences, the competent administrative organ or that unit shall, in accordance with law, give corresponding sanctions to the directly responsible managers or other directly responsible personnel; where a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be pursued in accordance with law.
10. Further give play to the role of mass organizations. The Organizations of the Communist Youth League should vigorously promote the implementation of the medium- and long-term youth development plan, extensively mobilize the vast number of Youth League members, Young Pioneers, Young Pioneer counselors, young volunteers, social workers, etc., rely on positions such as the "Youth Home" and the "Youth Rights Protection Post" and the "12355 Youth Service Desk" and the "Yunqing Care" network service platform to provide care services such as holiday day care, after-school counseling, and psychological counseling for minors in need, especially primary and secondary school students, to effectively safeguard the rights and interests of young people in development. Women's federation organizations should strengthen family education guidance for minors' parents or other guardians and entrusted persons, relying on the 12338 hotline platform, women's homes, children's homes and other activity venues to provide legal aid docking, legal policy consultation, psychological counseling, family relationship adjustment, etc., to guide them to strengthen their family affection and care for minors, improve the level of family care and education science; incorporate the protection of minors into the overall plan for women's and children's rights protection work and family education work, and adopt the "Spring Bud Plan" and other public welfare projects to give corresponding assistance. Disabled persons' federation organizations should strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of disabled minors, guide local disabled persons' federations to take the lead in implementing the rehabilitation and assistance system for disabled children, work with relevant departments to strengthen technical guidance and comprehensive supervision of rehabilitation service institutions for disabled children, guide localities with the capacity to expand the age range for rehabilitation assistance for disabled children, and relax restrictions on the economic conditions of the families of the recipients of assistance. Trade union organizations should actively carry out holiday care services for the minor children of employees, carry out lectures on legal, mental health, and parent-child education knowledge, enhance the guardianship awareness and family education level of employees' family guardians; promote the construction of maternal and infant facilities for employers, and effectively protect the rights and interests of mothers and infants. The Working Committee for Caring for the Next Generation should organize and mobilize the vast number of retired veteran comrades such as veteran cadres, veteran soldiers, veteran experts, veteran teachers, and veteran models to carry out various forms of juvenile care services and assistance activities, and coordinate with relevant departments to do a good job in protecting minors.
11. Further guide villages (communities) in performing their statutory duties. Special posts should be set up to be responsible for the protection of minors, giving priority to female village (community) committee members, democratic political councilors, and chairmen of village (community) women's federations, and villages (communities) with a large number of children should add additional children's directors, guide, help, and supervise minors' parents or other guardians in performing their guardianship duties in accordance with law, establish information archives on left-behind minors and minors in distress, and give care and assistance. It is necessary to promote the construction of village (community) Young Pioneer organizations, assist relevant departments to do a good job of protecting minors, and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of minors. Continue to promote the function and role of children's homes, strengthen the creation of demonstration children's homes, improve the professionalism and standardization of children's home services, and build children's homes into a frontier for caring for and protecting minors. Encourage and support village (resident) committees to establish subordinate committees for the protection of minors, making overall plans and coordinating efforts to protect minors in their jurisdictions. Village (resident) committees should implement compulsory reporting and family guardianship supervision duties, and where it is discovered that minors' physical and mental health has been infringed upon, suspected of being infringed upon, or are facing other dangerous situations, and that the performance of family guardianship duties is not in place, promptly report to relevant departments such as for public security, civil affairs, and education. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of activity venues and facilities for minors in villages (communities), integrate and use existing service facilities such as village (community) party and mass service centers and cultural activity rooms to open up or open up places for minors' activities, and provide necessary care services. Village (resident) committees should organize and carry out publicity and knowledge training activities related to the protection of minors in the vicinity through methods such as centralized publicity, door-to-door publicity, or broadcasting radio publicity, so as to raise awareness of family guardianship and self-protection of minors.
12. Further strengthen the participation of social forces. All localities and departments should strengthen the cultivation and development of social organizations in the field of the protection of minors, ensuring that by 2025, full coverage of counties (cities, districts) specialized social organizations for the protection of minors is achieved. Vigorously develop professional social work service organizations and volunteer service organizations in the field of the protection of minors, and support social workers in giving full play to their professional advantages in efforts to protect minors, such as resource links, capacity building, psychological intervention, protection of rights and interests, legal services, social investigations, social observation and care, education and correction, community corrections, and adoption assessments, through methods such as purchasing services; grassroots party organizations should mobilize party members and cadres to take the lead in participating in efforts to protect minors, mobilizing and encouraging volunteers, Social forces such as caring enterprises pair up to help minors and families in need. It is necessary to complete and implement mechanisms for charitable conduct in the field of the protection of minors, relying on the national child welfare information system and the national charity information disclosure platform, to strengthen data sharing and supply-demand docking, and guide public interest charitable organizations to provide personalized, differentiated, and targeted services.
(4) Further improve network protection efforts
13. Further complete and implement laws and policies for the protection of minors online. Internet information departments should follow the relevant laws and regulations on the online protection of minors at the national level, complete and improve supporting laws and regulations and policies, continuously purify the online environment for minors, ensure the safety of minors' cyberspace, protect minors' lawful online rights and interests, and build long-term mechanisms for online environmental protection. It is necessary to promote the formulation of industry norms and codes of conduct for the online protection of minors, giving play to the leading and industry management role of network industry organizations. Together with the administrative departments for education, it is necessary to strengthen the standardized management of online course platforms and education mobile Internet applications involving minors, and improve the filing management system for online course platforms for minors.
14. Further strengthen online protection of minors' personal information. Internet information departments should guide and supervise network operators in effectively performing platform responsibilities for the online protection of minors' personal information, and collect and use minors' personal information in strict accordance with legal provisions and user agreements. Network operators should be urged and guided to submit requests for corrections or deletions of minors' personal information from minors, parents, or other guardians, and promptly employ measures to correct or delete them in accordance with laws and regulations. Departments such as for public security, internet information, telecommunications, press and publications, radio and television, culture and tourism, and so forth, should, in accordance with their duties and division of labor, severely crack down on online bullying conduct such as insulting, defaming, molesting, or maliciously damaging the image of minors in the form of text, pictures, audio and video, and so forth, through the Internet, and urge and guide network operators to promptly employ necessary measures to stop cyberbullying and prevent the spread of information.
15. Further strengthen prevention of minors' online addiction. Departments such as for internet information, telecommunications, news and publications, radio and television, culture and tourism, and so forth, should standardize online games, online live broadcasts, and online short videos, and work together with education and health departments to periodically carry out publicity and education on preventing minors from becoming addicted to the Internet, supervise network product and service providers in performing their obligations to prevent minors from becoming addicted to the Internet, guide families, schools, and social organizations to cooperate with each other, and scientifically prevent and intervene in minors' online addiction, excessive consumption, and other such conduct. Internet information, culture and tourism departments should strengthen pre-examination, strictly manage the approval of online games, and strictly implement the operation of online games after approval in accordance with law. It is necessary to rely on the national electronic identity authentication system for minors' online games, and strictly implement the practice of minors registering with real identity information before they can log in to online games. Online game service providers must not provide online game services to minors in any form from 22:00 to 8:00 the next day. It is necessary to strictly regulate the provision of paid services to minors. Schools should strengthen the management of mobile phones of primary and secondary school students, and carry out unified management of smart terminal products such as mobile phones brought into schools to ensure that minor students concentrate on learning in school.
(5) Further strengthen government protection functions
16. Further implement government guardianship duties. Civil affairs departments should conscientiously perform government guardianship duties, strengthen the establishment of government guardianship mechanisms, and promptly do a good job of guardianship and care of minors with temporary guardianship and long-term guardianship situations in accordance with law, and departments such as for finance, education, health, and public security should cooperate in accordance with their respective duties. It is necessary to improve and implement the temporary guardianship work system, and improve the professional service level of long-term guardianship. It is necessary to implement the guardianship assessment system, assess the guardianship capacity of guardians when appointing guardians and terminating temporary guardianship, scientifically evaluate their ability and conditions for performing guardianship duties, and promote the standardization and professionalization of guardianship assessments. Departments such as for civil affairs, development and reform, education administration, public security, health and health, emergency management, Youth League Committees, women's federations, and disabled persons' federations should implement systems for the rescue and protection of minors whose guardianship is missing due to the impact of emergencies, and do a solid job of rescue and protection, implementation of guardianship responsibilities, and care services for minors whose guardianship is missing due to the impact of emergencies. It is necessary to fully implement the orphan protection system and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of orphans.
17. Further strengthen efforts to protect minors in difficult circumstances. All localities and departments should conscientiously implement the system for the protection of minors in difficult circumstances, and carry out categorical measures and precise guarantees for minors in difficult circumstances. Minors who meet the requirements for minimum subsistence guarantees, temporary assistance, and special hardship assistance are to be promptly included in the scope of the minimum subsistence guarantee, temporary assistance, and assistance to persons in special hardship, and basic living guarantees are to be given. For orphans, HIV-infected children, and eligible de facto unsupported children, basic subsistence allowances should be paid in full and on time in accordance with the provisions of the policy on the protection of orphans and de facto unsupported children. Implement medical assistance policies for de facto unsupported children who meet the conditions in accordance with regulations. It is necessary to incorporate the care and service work for left-behind children in rural areas into the strategic plan for rural revitalization, further improve the unified work mechanism for controlling dropouts and guaranteeing schooling in compulsory education, and implement educational guarantee policies such as education subsidies for children with family economic difficulties, "two exemptions and one supplement" in the compulsory education stage, the policy of migrant children participating in the entrance examination in the place of influx, and the policy of free tuition for secondary vocational education, and continuously improve the living environment of rural minors and protect the right of minors to education.
18. Further build a high-quality education system. It is necessary to adhere to the principle of public welfare in education, continue to deepen education reform, promote the equalization of basic public education services, promote the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education and the integration of urban and rural areas, and strive to ensure that minors can enjoy fair and quality education. It is necessary to fully implement the policy of "taking the government of the inflow area and focusing on full-time public primary and secondary schools" for the children of migrants to go to school, and ensure that the children of the agricultural migrant population and migrant workers in the cities have equal access to basic public education services. It is necessary to continuously build and improve inclusive preschool education, special education, and special education guarantee mechanisms, encourage the diversified development of schools at the high school stage, and accelerate the improvement of basic public services in such areas as "early childhood education and learning and teaching". Run each school well, care about the growth of each student, and resolutely overcome the tendency of only scores and only further education. It is necessary to support and standardize the development of private education, constantly standardize off-campus training, resolutely deal with behaviors that violate the laws of education and the law of the growth of young people, speed up the solution of the problem of excessive extracurricular burdens on primary and secondary school students, which the masses have strongly complained about, and effectively reduce the excessive burden of extracurricular training on primary and secondary school students.
19. Further strengthen comprehensive safeguards for minors' health. Health and medical insurance departments should continue to implement medical and health care and medical security systems to ensure that minors enjoy basic medical and health care services. Health departments should strengthen early childhood development services, continue to organize medical institutions to carry out early screening, diagnosis and intervention of common diseases such as children's vision, hearing, limb, intellectual disability and children's autism, and establish a linkage mechanism with government rehabilitation assistance to improve the level of medical treatment and rehabilitation. Carry out in-depth projects such as improving children's nutrition in key areas, adjust and optimize the "nutrition package", carry out publicity and health education on children's nutrition knowledge, and continuously improve the nutritional health status of children in key areas. Continue to do a good job of basic medical protection for minors, strengthen the effective connection between the triple system of basic medical insurance, major illness insurance, and medical assistance, and implement basic public health service projects; continue to implement medical assistance for major diseases such as congenital heart disease and childhood leukemia, and implement the treatment and protection management of malignant tumors of children's blood diseases in accordance with national arrangements, so as to safeguard children's health rights and interests. Implement medical security treatment such as phenylketonuria in children. Within the scope of the list of treatment that meets the medical security benefits, the basic therapeutic rehabilitation assistive devices are gradually included in the scope of payment of basic medical insurance, effectively meeting the needs of rehabilitation services for minors with disabilities. Strengthen mental health education and services for minors. Departments such as education administration and health should attach importance to the protection of minors' early vision, supervise and guide schools, hospitals, etc. to implement relevant prevention and treatment measures, comprehensively prevent and control children's myopia, and effectively prevent and control the occurrence and development of myopia. The administrative departments of education should strengthen the sleep management of primary and secondary school students, and supervise and guide primary and secondary schools to ensure that primary school students sleep for 10 hours a day, junior high school students for 9 hours, and high school students for 8 hours. Departments such as for health and education administration should earnestly strengthen the prevention and control of obesity in minors, guide and promote close coordination between families, schools, communities, and medical and health institutions, vigorously popularize the knowledge of nutritional health and physical activity, optimize weight management services for children and adolescents, build a supportive environment for obesity prevention and control, effectively curb the epidemic of overweight and obesity, and promote the healthy growth of children and adolescents.
20. Accelerate the promotion of infant and child care services. Governments at all levels should incorporate infant and child care services into economic and social development planning, accelerate the improvement of relevant policies, strengthen policy guidance and overall guidance, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of social forces, vigorously promote the development of infant and child care services, and give priority to supporting inclusive infant and child care service institutions. Increase support for community infant and child care services, plan and construct infant and child care service facilities and supporting safety facilities that are commensurate with the size of the permanent population in newly built residential areas in accordance with standards and norms, and simultaneously accept and deliver them for use with residences; where there are no infant and child care service facilities in old cities and established residential areas, they should be built through purchase, replacement, leasing, etc., within a limited period of time; and give play to the infant and child care service functions of urban and rural community public service facilities. Strengthen the functional connection between community infant and child care service facilities and community service centers (stations) and community health, culture, sports and other facilities, and give play to comprehensive benefits. It is necessary to follow the law of infant and young child development, implement the relevant national policies, regulations and standards, promote the establishment and improvement of local policies, systems and standards, and promote the specialization and standardization of infant and child care services. Strengthen the supervision and management of childcare establishments, implement filing and registration systems, information disclosure systems, and quality assessment systems for infant and child care service establishments, and implement dynamic management of infant and child care service establishments; strengthen safety supervision in accordance with law, supervise and urge all types of infant and child care service establishments to implement safety responsibilities, and strictly prevent the occurrence of safety accidents. Strengthen health care work, create a good living environment for infants and young children, prevent and control infectious diseases, reduce the incidence of common diseases, and ensure the physical and mental health of infants and young children. Institutions of higher learning and vocational colleges and universities should open infant and child care related majors according to needs, accelerate the training of infant and young child care related professionals; all localities should include infant and child care service personnel as urgently needed personnel in training plans, effectively strengthen laws and regulations related to infant and child care services and professional ethics, safety education and vocational skills training, enhance practitioners' awareness of the rule of law, and improve the ability and level of infant and child care services.
21. Further strengthen and innovate governance of the social environment in which minors grow up. Public security departments should work with relevant departments to establish joint law enforcement mechanisms for the governance of the social environment in which minors grow up, and increase the intensity of law enforcement. Urge accommodation operators such as hotels, guesthouses, and hotels to implement systems for verification and reporting of minors' check-in, and when receiving minors to stay or receiving minors and adults to stay together, inquire about the contact information of parents or other guardians, the identity relationship of the occupants, and other relevant circumstances; where suspicions of violations or crimes are discovered, immediately report to the public security organs, and promptly contact minors' parents or other guardians. Supervise and urge operators of for-profit song and dance entertainment venues, bars, Internet access service business sites, and other venues that are not suitable for minors' activities, to set up signs prohibiting or restricting minors' entry in conspicuous positions, and must not allow minors to enter; increase the severity of punishment for the above-mentioned business operators' conduct of receiving minors in violation of regulations. Implement systems for inquiries into information on violations and crimes in industries with close contact with minors, and provide free inquiry services to units with close contact with minors through an information inquiry system for persons with sexual assault, abuse, abduction, violence, and other such violations and crimes; urge units with close contact with minors to recruit staff to recruit staff, and periodically treat staff each year, and inquire from public security organs and people's procuratorates whether they have records of sexual assault, abuse, abduction, violence, and other such violations and crimes, Where it is discovered through inquiries or other means that they have records of the above-mentioned conduct, they must not be hired or promptly dismissed. Promptly clean up commercial entertainment venues, bars, Internet access service business sites, and tobacco (including electronic cigarettes), liquor, and lottery ticket sales outlets set up around primary and secondary schools, kindergartens, and childcare establishments in accordance with laws and regulations, and punish operators who violate the rules in accordance with law. Implement compulsory product certification management for children's products within the prescribed scope in accordance with law, to ensure the health and safety of minors. Increase the intensity of rectification and investigation of key application services involving minors on the Internet, strengthen supervision, and urge enterprises to truly implement various measures for the protection of minors. Supervise and urge primary and secondary schools, kindergartens, infant and child care service establishments, offline education and training institutions, amusement parks, and other places where minors concentrate on activities to implement the main responsibility for safety, conduct safety education for minors, improve security facilities, and allocate security personnel, to ensure the personal and property safety of minors during their time in school or in kindergarten. Departments such as for procuratorate, market supervision, health and health, and education administration should advance efforts to govern minor tattoos, standardize and restrain the tattoo industry, truly safeguard the lawful rights and interests of minors, and ensure the healthy growth of minors. Schools should register minor students who have not yet completed compulsory education and persuade them to return to school; if the return is ineffective, promptly report in writing to the local education administrative department, and the education administrative department shall order parents or other guardians to send them to the school for compulsory education in accordance with law. Departments such as for civil affairs, education administration, public security, judicial administration, procuratorates, courts, health and health, publicity, and women's federations should continue to advance special actions for new trends in marriage, thoroughly deal with illegal marriages of minors, and effectively protect the lawful rights and interests of minors.
(6) Further implement judicial protection duties
22. Further lawfully and properly handle cases involving minors. For juveniles who violate the law or commit crimes, judicial organs should adhere to the principle of "education, reform, and rescue" and the principle of "education first, punishment as a supplement", strictly implement special procedures for juvenile criminal cases, combine punishment according to law with accurate help and education, and promote the smooth return of minors to society. Public security organs, people's procuratorates, and people's courts handling cases of minors suffering sexual assault or violent injury, exploring the implementation of a "one-stop evidence collection" protection mechanism, employing measures such as simultaneous audio and video recordings when questioning minor victims and witnesses, and trying to complete them at once, where minor victims or witnesses are female, to be conducted by female staff. Public security organs, people's procuratorates, and people's courts should cooperate with other relevant government departments and people's groups to implement necessary protective measures such as psychological intervention, economic assistance, legal aid, and school transfer placement for juvenile victims involved in cases, and encourage and support professional social organizations and social workers to participate in relevant protection efforts.
23. Further strengthen the establishment of juvenile courts. People's courts should deepen the comprehensive trial reform of juvenile-related cases, and include criminal, civil, and administrative litigation cases involving minors that are closely related to the protection of minors' rights and interests and crime prevention into the scope of cases accepted by juvenile courts or trial teams specifically responsible for hearing juvenile cases. When hearing cases involving minors, it is necessary to proceed from the angle of being conducive to the healthy growth of minors, guide and support relevant social organizations and social workers to participate in social investigations, social observation and care, psychological counseling, rights and interests protection, judicial aid, litigation education guidance, and so forth, and give minors special and priority protection in accordance with law. For minors in need of legal aid or judicial assistance, legal aid institutions or public security organs, people's procuratorates, people's courts, and judicial administrative departments should promptly provide them with legal aid or judicial aid in accordance with law, promptly assist minors in difficulty in the judicial process, and fully embody the humanistic care of the judiciary.
24. Further deepen legal oversight of juvenile procuratorates. Through exercising procuratorial power, people's procuratorates should lawfully carry out legal supervision of litigation activities involving minors and juvenile crime prevention efforts. Where minors' lawful rights and interests have been violated and relevant organizations and individuals initiate a lawsuit on their behalf, the people's procuratorate should urge and support them in initiating a lawsuit, and where the public interest is involved, a public interest lawsuit shall be initiated. Further strengthen the unified and centralized handling of procuratorial operations involving juvenile criminal, civil, administrative, and public interest litigation. Where public security organs, people's procuratorates, people's courts, and judicial administrative departments discover that relevant units have not fulfilled their duties of protecting minors, such as education, management, rescue, and care, they should promptly submit a recommendation to that unit, and the unit receiving the recommendation must make a written response within one month. The necessity of detention in juvenile criminal cases should be reviewed in accordance with law, and the filing, investigation, and trial of criminal cases involving juveniles should be reviewed, and the filing, investigation, and trial activities involving juvenile criminal cases, as well as civil litigation, administrative litigation, enforcement, supervision, and community corrections activities involving minors should be supervised. It is necessary to promote the establishment of collaborative mechanisms for the judicial protection of minors and the establishment of a social support system, and comprehensively protect the lawful rights and interests of minors.
25. Further crack down on juvenile-related violations and crimes. People's courts, people's procuratorates, public security departments, and judicial administrative departments should severely punish the use of minors to commit crimes committed by criminal syndicates and evil forces in accordance with the division of duties and in accordance with law, and those who co-opt or coerce minors to participate in organized crime are to be strictly prosecuted and sentenced to heavier punishments, forming a joint force to crack down. Public security departments, people's procuratorates, people's courts, and other departments should strengthen drug prevention education for minors, guide minors to clearly understand the harm of drugs from an early age, and consciously resist drugs; they should severely punish lawbreakers and criminals who lure or connive minors to engage in drug use and trafficking activities in accordance with law. Public security departments should lead relevant departments to implement the "China Action Plan against Population Trafficking (2021-2030)" and the "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Action Plan for Combating Human Trafficking in Yunnan Province (2021-2030)", effectively prevent and crack down on the crime of abducting and trafficking minors in accordance with the law, actively rescue and properly arrange minors who have been abducted and trafficked, effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of minors, and maintain social harmony and stability. Human resources and social security departments should continue to increase the intensity of rectification of the illegal use of child labor, prevent and severely crack down on illegal and criminal acts such as abduction and use of child labor, effectively curb the problem of illegal employment, and truly protect the legitimate rights and interests of minors. Departments such as for health and hygiene, market supervision and management, public security, people's procuratorates, and people's courts should investigate and deal with illegal and criminal acts of producing and selling counterfeit and shoddy food, medicines, toys, utensils, and related facilities and equipment used for minors in accordance with law, ensuring that the production and sale of products comply with national or industry standards, and effectively safeguarding minors' personal safety and physical and mental health.
3. Safeguard Measures
(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. Party leadership is the fundamental political guarantee for advancing the work of protecting minors in the new era, and party committees in all localities should further strengthen leadership over the protection of minors, and continuously strengthen the pattern of work on the protection of minors under the leadership of party committees, the responsibility of the government, the leadership of civil affairs, the coordination of departments, and the participation of society. Party committees and governments in all localities should conscientiously implement the provisions of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors", and include the protection of minors in local national economic and social development plans and work performance evaluations. Lawfully include efforts to protect minors in the scope of responsibilities of townships (streets) and villages (communities), with unified deployment, implementation, and inspection. Make the development of work on the protection of minors an important part of the assessment of safety construction at the same level, implement the requirements for the protection of minors in the creation of civilized cities, civilized villages and towns, civilized units, civilized families, and civilized campuses, and consolidate the work responsibilities of all relevant departments. Formulate and implement the "Yunnan Children's Development Plan (2021-2030)". Follow relevant provisions to organize commendations and awards for work on the protection of minors, and give commendations and publicity to organizations and individuals with outstanding performance and exemplary role models.
(2) Strengthen work safeguards. All localities should further increase the intensity of capital investment, continue to strengthen the construction of service facilities for minors, establish and improve activity venues and facilities suitable for minors, and support the construction and operation of public interest venues and facilities for minors' activities. It is necessary to accelerate the progress of the construction of service facilities and equipment in places such as juvenile aid and protection institutions, to ensure that by the end of 2025, full coverage of juvenile aid and protection institutions at the state (city) level, and coverage of county-level juvenile aid and protection institutions will reach 75%, strengthening the standardization and standardization of juvenile aid and protection institutions; synchronously promote the construction of juvenile protection workstations with township (street) social work stations, and achieve full coverage of township (street) juvenile protection workstations. Funds related to efforts to protect minors should be included in the budget at that level, providing financial guarantees for advancing efforts to protect minors. Care services for minors should be included in the guiding catalogue of government procurement of services, and use methods such as government procurement of services to guide and support social work professional service establishments and social organizations for the care and protection of minors to provide professional services for minors, especially rural left-behind children and children in distress. Actively strive for lottery public welfare funds used by the central, provincial, and government levels for social welfare undertakings, and favor support for the protection of minors. All localities and departments should strengthen scientific research on the protection of minors in all fields, encourage and support institutions of higher learning in building relevant disciplines, setting up relevant majors, and strengthen the cultivation of professional talents.
(3) Strengthen work forces. The city and county levels, especially the county level, should strengthen investigation and research, and on the basis of the actual needs of work on the protection of minors, combine the innovation and transformation of child welfare establishments into juvenile aid and protection institutions, promptly adjust the establishment of relevant institutions, and allocate strong staff. Townships (neighborhoods) should further enrich the strength of grass-roots efforts to protect minors by speeding up the replenishment of vacant personnel and strengthening the overall use of personnel, so as to realize that there are institutions responsible, special personnel, and financial guarantees in the frontline of juvenile protection work. It is necessary to strengthen the establishment of juvenile aid and protection institutions through methods such as integrating relevant establishment resources, revitalizing the stock of establishments, promoting institutional transformation, and investing in new construction of funds, ensuring that the coverage rate of juvenile aid and protection establishments at the state and county levels is completed as scheduled, and being responsible for undertaking work related to the custody and upbringing of minors who need to be temporarily guardiand in accordance with law. Townships (neighborhoods) should set up workstations for the protection of minors or designate specialized personnel to promptly handle matters related to the protection of minors; village (resident) committees should set up special posts to do a good job of protecting minors. All localities should continue to increase the intensity of professional training, improve the professional level of child supervisors and child directors, and encourage them to participate in the social work professional qualification examination. People's courts at all levels should strengthen the establishment of juvenile trial organizations and the construction of specialized trials and the professionalization of the contingent. All levels of people's courts and people's procuratorates should designate special bodies or designated personnel to be responsible for juvenile adjudication and procuratorial work. Public security departments should guide basic level public security police stations to strengthen efforts to protect minors, and clarify on the basis of actual conditions that relevant personnel are responsible for efforts to protect minors.
(4) Strengthen publicity and guidance. All localities and departments should thoroughly carry out publicity and education on the protection of minors and the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors" and other laws and regulations; they should give play to the leading role of mainstream media in all localities and expand the scope of propaganda with the help of all kinds of traditional and new media; they should make full use of the websites, new media, publicity columns, and other platforms owned by departments and units to carry out all-round, multi-angle, and three-dimensional propaganda activities; townships (streets) and villages (communities) should give play to their geographical advantages and publicize through centralized propaganda, household propaganda, and Carry out propaganda work on a regular basis, such as broadcasting broadcasts. It is necessary to simultaneously publicize and implement the "Outline for the Implementation of Patriotic Education in the New Era" and the "Outline for the Implementation of the Construction of Civic Ethics in the New Era", and create a good atmosphere for the whole society to care about and support the work of protecting minors. It is necessary to further standardize the news media's publicity and reporting on hot events involving minors, objectively and prudently report on juvenile incidents, and disseminate positive social energy.
(5) Strengthen oversight and inspections. All levels of leading groups for the protection of minors should strictly implement territorial responsibilities, set up full-time and part-time supervision commissioners for the rights and interests of minors, take the lead in supervising and inspecting the progress of the work on the protection of minors in all localities and departments, publicly report on those where the work is ineffective, and follow up and supervise the prominent problems that exist and cases of violations of the rights and interests of minors, supervise and supervise them within a limited time, and ensure that all work is compacted and compacted. All departments should strictly perform departmental duties, strengthen guidance for the protection of minors in the industry system, regularly analyze and study, and promptly resolve difficulties and problems encountered in the promotion of work, especially for existing problems and hidden dangers, they must keep an eye on the rectification and reform of existing problems and hidden dangers, and comprehensively and thoroughly complete rectification and reform.
Source: Yunnan Pufa