Do you know how many people with hyperuricemia are on the mainland today? It is about 170 million people, and the prevalence is close to 10%.
According to this data, the number of patients with hyperuricemia has surpassed that of diabetes, and it is the well-deserved first place in metabolic diseases. Because of this, hyperuricemia is known as the fourth highest after the three high diseases.
In fact, there are many people who do not understand hyperuricemia, or even completely unaware of what uric acid is. In fact, the so-called uric acid is the terminal product of the metabolism of purine compounds in the human body, and its daily production and metabolism in the body are maintained in a state of balance.
Once uric acid production and metabolism are out of balance, such as excessive uric acid production, or reduced uric acid excretion, it will lead to excessive blood uric acid levels in the patient.) In the clinical view, in the case of a normal purine diet, fasting blood uric acid level detection is not carried out for two days, if the male is higher than 420 μmol/L, and the female is higher than 360 μmol/L, hyperuricemia can be diagnosed!
According to the current clinical data, hyperuricemia can be divided into two categories: primary and secondary. The reasons involved in it are mostly related to the following factors:
1. Genetics
Disorders of endogenous purine production and metabolism are the most fundamental factors in the excess of blood uric acid levels. The synthesis of a substance from non-cyclic to cyclic requires an 11-step reaction, and enzymes are important substances involved.
If the number and activity of some enzymes that promote uric acid production increase, or the number and activity of enzymes that inhibit uric acid production decrease, it will cause disorders of blood uric acid metabolism. Defects in enzymes are related to genetic variations, which can be polygenic or single-gene.
In clinical view, the genetic mode of hyperuricemia includes three categories: autosomal recessive, dominant and sexually linked. That is to say, hyperuricemia is closely related to genetics;
2. Diet
There are two main parts of the source of purine in the human body, the first is endogenous purine production, the second is the intake of exogenous purines, 50% of the ingested food RAN, 25% of the DNA are excreted in the urine in the form of uric acid.
In life, there are many foods containing extremely high purine components, such as animal offal, various soups, seafood, fermented beer, etc. If you eat high-purine foods for a long time, it is easy to cause blood uric acid levels to exceed the standard. This is also one of the reasons why the incidence of hyperuricemia in contemporary young people is rising rapidly;
3. There is a problem with uric acid metabolism
Nearly 90% of patients with primary gout have hyperuricemia, which is related to reduced uric acid excretion, which includes three categories: decreased glomerular filtration, increased tubular reabsorption, and decreased tubular secretion.
If the patient has kidney lesions or is taking diuretic drugs (such as aspirin, thiazide diuretics, levodopa, etc.), it may cause an imbalance in uric acid metabolism, and hyperuricemia may occur.
In general, the incidence of hyperuricemia is affected by many aspects, and the above is just three related factors. In addition, gender and age, lifestyle, medication, etc., will affect the incidence of hyperuricemia.
Therefore, everyone should improve their vigilance against hyperuricemia in their daily lives, especially middle-aged and elderly men, postmenopausal female friends, and it is necessary to conduct regular blood uric acid level tests.