The collection of Bazhou Museum is extensive, from the Neolithic era to the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the collection of cultural relics spans thousands of years. Including bronze, stone tools, ceramics, stone carvings, ancient coins, wine utensils, eating utensils, weapons, carriage and horse ware, miscellaneous utensils, Buddha statues and other different categories.
In this online exhibition, more than 40 objects from the museum's collection are selected, which are composed of social pictures such as "sacrifice and drinking", "daily living", "military activities", and "religious beliefs". While appreciating the ancient cultural relics, the audience can talk about history, feel the civilization, and explore the ancient Bazhou social life behind the cultural relics.
Sacrifice feast
Ding: Feeder. It is generally round-bellied, erect ears, three-legged, and also rectangular and four-legged. Ding was originally used to cook meat, but in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, bronze Ding was widely used in sacrifices and became the main eating vessel in bronze ceremonial vessels, and was regarded as an important symbol of "Ming respect and inferiority, don't go up and down". In the folk, Tao Ding has become one of the important utensils of civilian sacrifice, which is quite ceremonial. It was not until the Han Dynasty that Ding's attribute of "instruments with Tibetan rituals" gradually disappeared. There are many Ding-like artifacts unearthed in Bazhou, most of which are pottery Ming ware, and the time is mostly from the War and Han Dynasties.
Warring States Jomon Gaiding (excavated from the west site of the former Bazhou Middle School)
Han Tao Ding (excavated from Beizhuangtou)
Warring States Gaiding (excavated from the ruins of Bazhou Middle School)
Beans: Food utensils. As early as the Neolithic Age, pottery beans have appeared. The original beans were used to hold rice such as millet, and from about the Western Zhou Dynasty onwards, they became special vessels for storing pickles, meat sauce, and other flavors. From the archaeological findings, the beans of the past can be roughly divided into the following forms: round beans, square beans, shallow plate beans, pot-shaped beans, bowl-shaped beans and so on. Beans are also a ceremonial vessel, often used in combinations of even numbers, and a few use odd combinations. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the beans of copper ceremonial vessels or pottery vessels in the Bazhou area were very popular, so the number of excavations was relatively large.
Warring States - Pot-shaped beans (excavated from the Saltwater River site)
Sengoku - High-stalked beans
Sengoku - Shallow Pan Bean (excavated from the Saltwater River site)
Warring States - High-handled beans (excavated from the Mengjia compound of the four major brigades of Chengguan)
Jug: Wine container. Due to the different regions and cultural types, the form of clay pots is strange. The pot is long in age and has a rich and complex style, which is roughly divided into oval, round, oval, square, flat and urn shape.
Han-Gao Circle Foot Pot (excavated from the Han Tomb of Nanguan)
Warring States - Grey Clay Pot (Excavated from Fanjiafang Tomb Group)
Warring States - Grey Clay Pot
Warring States - String Pattern Pot (Chengguan 4th Street Collection)
Plate and wash: water carrier. It was popular from the Shang Dynasty to the Warring States. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, before and after feasting, the ritual of wo was performed: wo means watering, and wading means washing hands. The role of the plate is to undertake the sewage after washing the handwashed with a turn or a cup, and after the Warring States period, the ceremony of the wadding was gradually abolished, and the plate was also replaced by "washing", and the later disk was used as a container. The common shape is characterized by a large mouth, a flattened mouth, a shallow abdomen, and a flattened body, resembling the disc used today. Most of the artifacts unearthed in Bazhou are from the Song and Yuan dynasties, and the plates and washes during the Warring Han Dynasty have not been seen.
Yuan-Jun porcelain plate (excavated from the ruins of Cheng'er Pier)
Yuan-light green glaze plate (excavated from the site of Cheng'er Pier)
Song - Grey Pottery Wash (excavated from the ruins of Cheng'er Pier)
Song -Binaural wash
Zun: Large and medium-sized wine containers and ceremonial vessels. First seen in the Neolithic taozun, bronze zun was popular in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and occasionally seen after the Spring and Autumn Period. Generally open, neck adduction, convex shoulders, deep abdomen, flat or rounded bottom. It began in the Neolithic age.
Warring States - Tao Zun (excavated from the Bazhongxi ruins)
Warring States - Tao Zun (excavated from the Fanjiafang Tomb Group)
Warring States - Grey Pottery
Daily living
Lamps: Lighting appliances. Invented around the Spring and Autumn Period of the mainland, copper lamps from the Warring States to the Southern and Northern Dynasties were the most common, and there were many styles. Most of the pottery lamps unearthed in the Bazhou area are sessile disc-shaped lamps.
Han pottery lamp (excavated from the saltwater river site)
Han pottery lamp base (excavated from the Nanzhuangtou tomb group)
Belt hook: the belt hook is an ancient belt buckle, mainly used to hook the leather belt of the waist, also known as "rhinoceros", mostly used by men. Late autumn began to appear, in the middle and late Warring States use is quite common, diverse forms, and mostly using gold, gold, wrong gold and silver, inlaid jade and turquoise and other processes, mottled land, colorful. The hook is not only a daily necessity, but also a symbol of status, especially the hook used by princes, nobles and celebrities is very exquisite, with a high level of craftsmanship and artistic value.
Warring States - Wrong Gold Copper Belt Hook (Old Collection)
Han-pipa-shaped iron belt hook (excavated from the site of Cheng'er Pier)
Copper mirror: Copper mirror refers to the bronze mirror cast with copper, tin, lead and other metal alloys, which is the daily necessities of the ancients' clothes and crowns. Its shape has round, square, petal-shaped, peach-shaped, furnace-shaped, handle-shaped and other forms, used to decorate the front of the facelift polished and shiny, the back of the mirror is mostly cast with patterns and mirror buttons, buttons have holes, tie a rope belt, for hand holding or placed on the frame.
Song - Big Kick Ball Bronze Mirror (excavated from hardware and electricity construction site)
Song-Baby Emblem Bronze Mirror (Excavated from Shigou Tomb Group)
Gold-Divine Beast Bird Pattern Bronze Mirror (Old Collection)
Gold-Lotus Water Bird Pattern Bronze Mirror (excavated from Zhang gang tomb)
Porcelain pillows: bedding and medical appliances. Founded in sui, it is popular in the Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. The ancients believed that pillows could cool down and remove heat, drive fire and eyes, and have the effect of warding off evil spirits, so they were widely used. Pillows are divided into two categories: one is a low-temperature glazed ceramic pillow that is fired twice, with varieties such as monochrome glaze and color glaze; the other is a high-temperature glazed porcelain pillow that is fired once, which is mainly decorated with underglaze painting and engraving, scratching, culling, printing and other techniques.
Song-peony pattern square head porcelain pillow (excavated from the Tombs of Hua Mulberry Wood)
Copper hairpin: "hairpin" is a product for curling hair, tying a crown or fixing a bun, often using gold, silver, jade, horns, and copper hairpins.
Song - a group of copper hairpins
Copper tent hook: In ancient times, the hook was hung on both sides of the front account door to make the account door open.
Ming Acacia-shaped tent hook old collection
Military Activities
Bazhou has a unique geographical location, since its establishment, it has been a strategic place for border passes, since the 21st year of the Reign of the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to the southern border of Guangyang County, from Zhuo County Yichang County to Youzhou Yongqing County, from the Later Jin Dynasty to the Khitan to the Later Zhou Shizong to set up "Bazhou", from the Song Dynasty "Bazhou Defense" to the Ming and Qing Dynasties into Shuntianfu, so there are many military-related relics.
Warring States - Two Bronze Swords (Excavated from the West Ruins of Bazhou Middle School)
Han Dynasty - Bi-winged
Song - Cannon Bricks
Song - Brick cannon stone
Religious beliefs
Ming ware: Ming ware refers to the utensils buried with it, the ancients also called it "Tibetan vessel", and later generations also called it "underground vessel". (Song) Zhao Yanwei's "Yunlu Manhua" Volume V: "Ancient Ming Instruments, Divine Wisdom Also", both refers to utensils specially processed for the deceased, similar in image, and unusable in function, so their workmanship is generally poor.
Han-Tao Lou (excavated from Dongguan Han tombs)
Han-Tao Ji (excavated from The Han Tomb of Dongguan)
Han - Tao Pig (excavated from Dongguan Han Tomb)
Buddha statues and religious artifacts: the image of the Buddha. In a broad sense, it includes bodhisattvas, arhats, ming kings, and so on. Although there are two kinds of statues, sculptural images and portraits (paintings), only sculptural images are called Buddha statues, and portraits are called images. During the Tang Dynasty to the Ming and Qing dynasties, Buddhism flourished in the Bazhou area, and there were many Buddhist relics.
Tang-Shakyamuni Bronze Statue (Old Collection)
Tang Dynasty - Bronze Seated Statue of Bodhisattva (Old Collection)
Tang Dynasty - Bronze Seated Statue (Old Collection)
Ming-Lotus Constellation (Old Collection)
Ming-Puxian Bronze Elephant Pedestal (Relics of Yuantong Temple, Beizhuangtou Village)
Ming-Guanyin Bronze Roar Seat (relics of Yuantong Temple, Beizhuangtou Village)
Ming-Wenshu Bronze Lion (relics of Yuantong Temple, Beizhuangtou Village)
Source: Bazhou Huaxia Folk Collection