Focus on | local interests: the aesthetic characteristics of Ichijing novels in the new era

Ichijing novels contain local cultural interests and can be traced back to civic literature created by writers such as Lao She in the 1930s and 1940s. That insight and depiction of the locality of the city opens up a new dimension of writing for Ichijing literature. In the new era, Ichijing novels have risen in the context of regional cultural consciousness, and geographical landscapes, customs and customs, dialects and local languages have become the contents of their prominent performance, and have been given important local cultural and ethical connotations. This greatly enhances the cultural interest of Ichijing novels, promotes Ichijing novels to transcend the limitations of the times, and exudes a lasting artistic charm. For a time, The regionalized urban novels such as Beijing flavor, Shanghai flavor, Jin wei, Su flavor, and Han flavor surged up, and Wang Zengqi's Jiangsu Gaoyou series and Lin Jinlan's Wenzhou low stool bridge style were also enjoyed by the literary circles at that time, which jointly demonstrated the importance of local cultural interests to the literature of the city, and also broke the long-standing situation of "two cities and two cities" of Beijing and Shanghai well literature, forming a new pattern of diversified creation that blossomed in an all-round way and was colorful.

Show the cultural connotations of the urban geographical landscape

In the new era, Ichijing novels focus not on the countryside but on the urban underground space, and their intention is to express cultural interests. The depiction of architecture, houses, lifestyles, customs and habits, and human relations, the interpretation of the fine people of the city, food, clothing, shelter, joys and sorrows, and the changes in fate, and the intellectual, interesting and ethical colors of local writing are more distinct, all reflect the close relationship between physical geography and humanistic spirit, and hint at the wisdom of the unity of nature and man of "one side of the water and soil to support the other side". It reflects the exploration spirit of the Chinese narrative tradition of "investigating the time of heaven and man", and highlights the secular and interesting aesthetic characteristics of Ichijing literature.

The shijing style novel focuses on excavating the landmark cultural landscape of each city, and displaying the folk customs and cultural ethics connotation in the characteristic buildings and living spaces of the city. Beijing hutongs and courtyards, Tianjin old town boxes and small western-style buildings in the concession, Shanghai's narrow and cramped lanes and cubicles, Suzhou alleys and exquisite and elegant ancestral houses, Wuhan's noisy docks and lively commercial streets have all become the objects of the writer's intense performance.

Beijing-style writers prefer hutongs and courtyards, and present the life style of the people of Beijing with a "intersecting and interconnected" lifestyle without privacy in the courtyard, presenting the life style of the people of Beijing. Liu Xinwu's "Bell and Drum Tower" uses a section to depict the Beijing courtyard, the co-living environment of houses, houses, shared toilets and water pipes, so that each family has close contact with its neighbors in various ways, and each family's solo music eventually converges into a symphony of mixed tastes, sorrow and joy. Chen Jiangong's "No. 9 Hutong" vividly and humorously depicts the courtyard, which is the carrier of traditional life philosophy, and the joys and sorrows of small citizens and the change of fate are inseparable from the crowded and humane courtyard.

A city's unique cultural landscape is not only the externalization of the natural environment, but also the result of the city's historical development, civic spirit and ethics for a long time, and Ichijing literature focuses on excavating the inner soul of this urban landscape. Haipai Shijing novels focus on the crowded and noisy and vibrant secular life such as "Lane Hall", "Shikumen" and "Pavilion Room", and show the spiritual essence of Shanghai Jing culture with the conflict between lanes and bungalows. Cheng Naishan's "Blue House" has a built-in contrasting narrative structure, the exquisite and luxurious appearance of the "Blue House" is full of moral defects and emotional deficiencies, and the simple 25 square meters of simple houses in the alley carry a solid and stable market life, symbolizing the supreme state of morality and humanity. The ethical imagination of the city in "Blue House" reflects the moral ideals of the literati in the 1980s, and it can also be seen that the writers of the new era have passed through the surface of the city and entered the spiritual and ethical level to refine and sublimate the culture of the city.

Express the differences in the cultures of different cities

In The Four Seasons of Beiping, Yu Dafu summed up his impression of China's major cities this way: "The hustle and bustle of Shanghai, the vastness of Nanjing... The tranquility of Qingdao, the beauty of Fuzhou", as well as the "composure" of Hangzhou and the "grandeur" of Beijing. Uddhav's description is vivid and interesting, but it is only suitable for describing the overall cultural background of different cities in a specific historical period, with a distinct personal feeling. Urban culture researchers remind us that we must be aware that the characteristics of cities are dynamic and changeable, and there are internal multi-faceted and different. Valuable literary creation must first break through this stereotype of the city, jump out of the thinking misunderstanding of the essence of urban culture, and present the trend of dynamic development of the city and the unique cultural style.

It is from this perspective that the creation of Ichijing novels in the new era focuses on the unique cultural charm of the city under the background of social transformation, describes the psychological waves of citizens in the changing times, and the infiltration and obstruction of concepts such as "materialization", "secularization" and "autonomy" in the urban society. These urban novels, created in different regions, are combined to draw a picture of life in the context of the reform and opening up era. Jingwei writers show solemn reflection characteristics, such as "Bell and Drum Tower", "Reeling Hutong No. 9", "Find Fun" and other works write about the self-sufficient cultural system with a long tradition, helplessness and resistance when affected by the commodity economy. In Suzhou writer Fan Xiaoqing's "Notes on the Flow of Crotch Alley", there is the resistance and resistance of old-school citizens in the face of the gradual disappearance of traditional culture, but more is the high mood of young people at the bottom who break through the tradition and geographical limitations and plunge into the fiery era, which is a positive response to the trend of reform, opening up and modernization in the 1980s. Feng Jicai, Lin Xi and other writers chose a historical perspective to praise the dignity and integrity of the small people of Tianjin in modern times and the feelings of home and country, and responded to the trend of "secularization" and "materialization" with a sense of history.

Ichijing style novels can not only successfully reproduce local customs and cultural accumulation, but also keenly capture the dynamic changes in Ichijing culture and the diverse reactions of different cities in the same era, showing the differences in different urban cultures.

Dialects enhance local cultural interest

Dialects enter the new era of Ichijing novels stem from two factors: one is that the physical space contemplated by Ichijing novels is the bottom of the city and the folk, and the small people of Ichijing speak the dialect and native language in line with the identity status of the characters, reflecting the principle of artistic authenticity followed by literary creation; second, the creators are often urban natives or have long-term living experience in a certain city, extremely familiar with and love of urban dialects, and have a strong homeland complex, so writers tend to let dialects enter the creation. The writer chooses the dialect and local language rich in local cultural charm to narrate, describe and carry out character dialogue, creating a vivid and interesting language atmosphere.

Different writers use different dialects to vary in degree and with different emphasis. Chen Jiangong's Beijing-style language is vivid and vivid, using many short sentences and colloquialisms, and is good at imitating the tone, tone and words of the characters, revealing the characteristics of the old Beijingers who are well-informed and proficient in human feelings. Feng Jicai prefers to use dialect vocabulary, oral sentence style and humorous style to highlight the "Wei Zuizi" demeanor of Tianjin people who can speak the Tao. Fan Xiaoqing, from the narrative language to the character dialogue, creates a Wu dialect atmosphere as a whole, and the daily language such as Chenguang (time), sun foot (day), body (thing), refreshing (clear), and open edge (away from the original route) in "Crotch Alley Wind And Currents", as well as a large number of overlapping words, tail notes, and idiomatic words, etc., enhance the slang color and texture of daily life of the novel, highlighting the language charm of this novel.

Dialects are an indispensable tool for vividly conveying the charm of local culture, and play an important role in shaping locally recognizable characters. In the new era of Ichijing novels, the creators extract the vivid and natural folk language from the dialect and local language, let the original Ichijing slang participate in literary creation, to a certain extent, make the written language expression mode based on Mandarin more vivid and colorful, enhance the vitality and expressiveness of the literary language, and greatly promote the prosperity and wide dissemination of Ichijing style novels.

(This paper is a phased result of the National Social Science Foundation project "Research on the Aesthetic Transmutation of Ichijing Literature in the New Era (1978-2018)" (19BZW120))

(Author Affilications:College of Literature, Tianjin Normal University)

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