Chinese brand of third-generation nuclear power technology: "Guohe No.1"
"Endless benefits" or "talk about nuclear discoloration"? There are only two words in between, "safe" and "efficient".
On September 28, 2020, the State Power Investment Group Co., Ltd. officially released the landmark achievement of the mainland's three-generation nuclear power autonomy, "Guohe No. 1" - through the autonomy of the third-generation nuclear power, the mainland is achieving catch-up with the highest level in the world.
In the winter of Rongcheng, Shandong, the cold wind is cold and the air is wet and cold.
At the assembly site of "Guohe No. 1", Liao Zhengyou is conducting security checks one by one, and not to let go of any detail. He is a safety officer in the National Nuclear Demonstration Project Department of China National Nuclear Industry Ersan Construction Co., Ltd., and he is even more proud that he is one of the founders of "Guohe No. 1".
Since the start of project research and development in 2008, more than 600 units and more than 31,000 technical personnel have participated, with a cumulative formation of more than 7,600 intellectual property achievements, and the localization rate of equipment has exceeded 90%. This is the resume of "Guohe No. 1".
The shading of this resume is printed with four big words - independent innovation. "'Guohe No.1' has broken the monopoly of a number of materials and equipment manufacturing technology, and the main pump, blasting valve, pressure vessel, steam generator, reactor internal components and other key equipment materials have all achieved independent design and localization." Zheng Mingguang, chief designer of the national science and technology major special project of the large-scale advanced pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant and chief engineer of the nuclear energy of the State Power Investment Group Co., Ltd., spoke heroically.
However, who knows, today's heroic reason comes from a big threshold.
According to previous cooperation agreements with foreign parties, only when the electrical power exceeds 1.35 million kilowatts can the mainland have three generations of independent intellectual property rights for non-active nuclear power.
1.35 million kilowatts, for non-active safety and major equipment, is that big threshold. "This is not a simple equal scale enlargement, but the ability to design, develop and test independently - without mastering the core technology, this big threshold cannot be crossed." Zheng Mingguang said.
As a result, from the nuclear power "main artery" main pipe to the "heart" main pump, from the "brain" nuclear design and safety analysis software to the "central system" nuclear power instrumentation control, and then to the cables, instruments and other "blood vessels" and "nerves" all over the nuclear island... The third-generation nuclear power autonomous technology research team has made great efforts in key core technologies, and the gaps have been gradually cleared.
72 hours, 56 months, 60 years, 9 million tons, 1.534 million kilowatts, what is the relationship between them?
They can be converted into the "Guohe-1" safety, economic and environmental protection renderings - the use of non-active safety systems, no manual intervention after the accident time of 72 hours, construction cycle of 56 months, the overall and main equipment life of the power station is 60 years, the annual carbon dioxide emission reduction is about 9 million tons, and the power generation power of a single unit is 1.534 million kilowatts...
There is another number you should know: nuclear power technology has spanned from the second generation to the third generation, and the level of safety has been increased by 100 times.
This is a leap in the nature of security. So, how hard-core is the security of "Guohe-1"?
Let's speak with facts.
First look at the outermost concrete shielding plant of "Guohe No. 1": the thickness alone is 1.1 meters, using a unique SC special structure, and the two layers of steel plate are filled with high-performance, high-strength concrete, even if typhoons and tsunamis hit, commercial large aircraft impact, it is not moving.
Look at the internal safety protection composed of four barriers: fuel core block, fuel cladding, one-circuit pressure boundary, steel containment, especially the steel containment with a diameter of 43 meters and a height of more than 70 meters, as if a huge capsule-type steel barrier can be firmly wrapped in radioactive materials after the accident.
The top "hat", which is the special symbol of the third generation of passive nuclear power, is actually a large water tank, representing the most critical nuclear safety design concept - it can operate without relying on external power sources. "Put the water tank of the safety system at a high level, and in the event of an accident, the water will flow to the reactor core or containment surface under gravity, automatically cool the reactor core and the containment system, and ensure that the safety barrier between the reactor core and the containment is not damaged." Zheng Mingguang introduced.
Those who have obtained the "true scriptures" of three generations of advanced nuclear power technology will get the future of clean energy! Today, the innovative story of the heavy weapon of the country, "Guohe No. 1", is still playing out, so let's wait and see.
(Reporter Zhang Yi)
Source: Guangming Daily (2022.02.11 01 edition)
Photo: China Engineering Science and Technology Knowledge Center, etc
Editor-in-charge: Zhang Yongqun
Editor: Wu Yaqi Xing Yanyan