In the previous interpretation of "May You Ten Thousand Lights", I shared and inventoried with you the little-known secrets in the play, as well as the archetypes of some of the main characters in history.
This way of looking at "Promise You Ten Thousand Lights" from a realistic perspective has been recognized and affirmed by many readers.
This way of interpreting it has given me more motivation to have more confidence.
In the 19th and 20th episodes that followed, "May You Ten Thousand Lights Shine", although "CP1000" was urgently stopped in the first pile of Yurong.
However, it "accidentally" led to Xu Jichuan's proposal at the meeting that the safety of nuclear power can be improved as a whole by adding third-generation nuclear power technology on the basis of the second generation.
Such an episode, coupled with Xu Jichuan's imminent order to participate in the work of safety rectification.
Let me mention in the previous article that Ye Qizhen has the speculation that Ye Jiaming's real character prototype, which has been verified to a certain extent.
Of course, in addition to a certain degree of confirmation of the character prototype, there is also corresponding confirmation of many terms and technical comparisons, so I will not mention them all here.
This time, I want to talk to you about the "second generation + technology" and "third generation technology" mentioned by Xu Jichuan.
Whether it is the second and third generations in the play, or the previous generation and the unrealized four generations.
In fact, it is a general term for civil nuclear power technology, and this name and classification is actually in recent years, after the launch of the fourth generation of nuclear power technology.
What exactly do the first, second, third and fourth generations represent?
No matter what generation of nuclear power technology, in fact, the core "nuclear reactor" technology of nuclear power plants is the main standard.
That is, no matter how far any technology other than a nuclear reactor develops, it will not change the name of the first generation because of its development.
At best, it can only be called "second generation plus" as Xu Jichuan said.
A nuclear reactor is a device that starts, controls, and maintains a "nuclear fission" or "fusion chain reaction" in a steady state.
This is different from the nuclear weapon explosions we often see in war movies.
In this nuclear reactor, the speed of nuclear change can be precisely controlled in an artificial state.
And it allows his energy to be released outward at a much slower rate than a nuclear explosion.
Devices that can do this are called "nuclear reactors."
Although in laboratory or real-world applications, nuclear reactors have many uses.
But as described in "Promise You Ten Thousand Lights", his main and most beneficial use at present is to generate heat energy and convert this heat energy into power and further electricity.
It is a pity that in "May You Ten Thousand Lights" actually deliberately ignore the most important core of this nuclear power plant, and instead turn his attention to the auxiliary devices outside him.
It is also worth mentioning that most of the isotopes used in medicine and industry are also obtained through nuclear reactors.
First generation nuclear reactors
Of all the four generations of nuclear reactors known today, the first generation generally refers to commercial nuclear reactors built between 1950 and 1970.
Unlike the nuclear power plant reactors as we know them today, most of the nuclear reactors during this period were mostly experimental.
Among them, the more famous ones are the Dock City Nuclear Power Plant, the Magnesium Knox Gas Cooled Reactor, the Natural Uranium Graphite Gas Cooled Reactor, the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Power Plant and the Dresden Nuclear Power Plant.
Most of the first-generation nuclear reactor technologies were "pressurized water reactors".
That is, "simple" use of ordinary water as a coolant and neutron moderator for the reactor.
Through a steam generator in two circuits, he formed water vapor with a temperature of about 260 degrees Celsius, which was used to propel the steam turbine and eventually drive the turbine engine to generate electricity.
It is not difficult to see here that Zhong Dagong's research team developed this equipment that can convert nuclear energy into gas energy.
The safety hazard that Meng Xiaowei found was the turbine engine that could generate electricity.
Second generation nuclear reactors
The so-called second-generation nuclear reactor generally refers to commercial nuclear reactors built before 1990.
Unlike the first generation, the second generation of nuclear reactors not only has pressurized water reactors, but also deuterium-uranium nuclear reactors, boiling water reactors, improved gas-cooled reactors, and water-water high-energy reactors, etc.
However, in principle, although the names of these new reactors are different, they still have many shadows of pressurized water reactors in some principles and implementation methods.
Many of the related technologies mentioned in "May You Ten Thousand Lights" actually borrow from the design concepts and methods of the international second-generation nuclear reactor.
(This article is an original article of "Hua Yuhan", and the non-"Hua Yuhan" account is all plagiarism and handling!) ）
The "second-generation plus" technology mentioned by Xu Jichuan in the meeting generally refers to nuclear reactors built after 2000.
This is a kind of nuclear reactor based on the second generation of nuclear reactors, after modernization and improvement.
For example, the "CPR-1000" I mentioned in the previous article, that is, the "CP1000" in the play, belongs to the second-generation plus technology after the strengthening of the second-generation technology.
The reason why the second generation plus such a name is used instead of directly naming it the third generation is because the third generation nuclear reactor is more advanced and more expensive.
Third generation nuclear reactor
From the timeline, the development and design of the third-generation nuclear reactor is based on the huge panic caused by the Three Mile Island nuclear leakage accident and the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident.
Both safety and economy are significantly better than second-generation nuclear reactors.
While all countries have made safety the primary prerequisite for the development of nuclear power, almost all countries have set their sights on third-generation nuclear reactors with more advanced nuclear fuel management, higher thermal efficiency, and passive nuclear safety systems.
Of course, under the haze of the Fukushima nuclear accident, safety requirements have become more demanding and "perverted".
As things stand, most of the nuclear reactors under construction in the world use and improve on third-generation nuclear reactors.
Among these third-generation nuclear reactors, they can be roughly divided into three types.
They are boiling water reactors, pressurized water reactors, and fast breeder reactors.
In "Lights of Ten Thousand Homes", the "CP1000" developed by Xu Jichuan is a branch of the pressurized water reactor.
Eventually, this so-called "CP1000" will evolve into "ACC-1000" and be named today's "Hualong 1".
This is also the first time that the mainland has completely independent intellectual property rights of the third generation of nuclear power technology.
Fourth-generation nuclear reactors
As for what is the fourth generation of nuclear reactors, it is actually the origin of the name of the third generation.
In January 2000, the United States took the lead and signed the GIF Charter with seven countries, including Canada, France, Japan, South Korea, South Africa and the United Kingdom.
And this as an opportunity to open the era of international R&D cooperation for the fourth generation of nuclear energy systems.
Later, Switzerland and the European Atomic Energy Community joined the organization.
Continental and Russian also joined the organization in 2006.
Under the GIF Charter, we have joined the development of two systems, the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and the sodium-cooled fast reactor.
Compared with the previous three generations of nuclear reactor technology, the fourth generation of nuclear reactors has not only improved safety, but also made great progress in other aspects.
The radioactivity of nuclear waste, for example, has plummeted from the half-life of millions of years to hundreds of years.
In addition, with the same amount of nuclear fuel, fourth-generation nuclear reactors can produce 100-300 times more energy, and can even reuse nuclear waste for secondary power production.
However, under these favorable conditions, there are more unknown risks.
And these risks and burdens are on the shoulders of operators like Meng Xiaowei.
Because no matter how cautious the operator is, as a human being, they will always make mistakes.
And most importantly, before the accident, no one could fully and accurately simulate what kind of mistakes the operator would make.
Just like Meng Xiaowei will always make some "small mistakes" in front of the martial chief.
As a task that cannot be left to a computer, Meng Xiaowei will be the last safety barrier for nuclear power plants.
Written at the end:
After seeing this, perhaps many people have given up on continuing to read this boring "technical article".
But to be honest, these "nuclear terms" are not the ultimate purpose and focus of my article.
Sharp-eyed you may have noticed it long ago.
When writing about "fourth-generation nuclear reactors," I deliberately abandoned technical explanations and explanations.
Instead, it deliberately mentions the birth and signing of the GIF Charter.
The appearance and signing of such a document and the fact that we formally joined the organization after a gap of two years.
Is it like those who suppressed and disdained us in history, just like Lin Tiancheng when he was blinded by foreigners.
When we don't have the core technology ourselves, when we don't have nuclear technology that is completely our own, no one will look at us.
And the reason why we can join the GIF Charter organization and participate in research and development.
Isn't it Ye Jiaming, Xu Jichuan, Zhong Dagong, Ye Qichen, Lin Qi, and Meng Xiaowei in "May You Ten Thousand Lights" who got it under the hard struggle unimaginable to ordinary people?
Maybe we only noticed the CP feeling between Lin Qi and Meng Xiaowei, or maybe we only noticed that Ye Jiaming was not a competent father.
But the most important attraction of "May You Ten Thousand Lights" should be that generations of nuclear industry people have brought safe and affordable nuclear power to thousands of our families.
It will make us proudly stand at the forefront of the world, and we will no longer have to look at the disdainful eyes of others.
The above is my understanding and perception of the 20th episode of "May You Ten Thousand Lights", more wonderful analysis, see you next time!
(After reading it, remember to pay attention to "Hua Yuhan" Oh, the picture comes from the Internet)