National Bobsleigh Center and National Alpine Ski Center Awarded "World Leader"

Original title: National Bobsleigh Center and National Alpine Ski Center Rated as "World Leader"

"Snow Dragon" at dusk. Reporters of this newspaper and Guan Xin photographed

The National Bobsleigh Center and the National Alpine Ski Center, located in the Yanqing Division of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games, have recently ushered in the Winter Olympics. This is also the most difficult area for the construction of this Winter Olympic Games. Li Xinggang, chief designer of Yanqing Division, led the team to realize the application of a series of scientific research achievements such as alpine overhead platform, terrain climate protection system, slope restoration technology, etc., filling the gap in the construction of high-difficulty snow venues in the mainland, and the two venues were respectively certified and evaluated as "the world's leading alpine skiing venues and bobsleigh venues" by the corresponding international single sports organizations.

Build a "small city" from scratch

Li Xinggang, chief architect of China Architectural Design and Research Institute, once served as the chief designer of the Chinese side of the "Bird's Nest" of the National Stadium, and served as the chief designer of the Yanqing Competition Area at the Winter Olympic Games, and is a veritable "double Olympic designer". Different from the previous independent venue design, Li Xinggang's team wanted to build a "small city" in the Xiaohaituo Mountainous Area with complex terrain and sensitive ecology, from the planning of municipal roads to the layout of infrastructure.

The construction difficulty of the venue itself is also quite high. Taking the National Bobsleigh Center as an example, the track goes down the steep mountain, and the athletes can compete up to 135 kilometers per hour, in order to ensure the balance of safety and competitiveness of the athletes when cornering, it is necessary to adjust the curved shape of the track accordingly according to each bend change, and almost every section of the track of nearly 2 kilometers is different. The design, construction and operation of such a difficult competition venue has never been seen in China before.

"At that time, it was really a barren mountain, and the information on the topographic map was not entirely accurate." Li Xinggang recalled that at first, the design team could only get a topographic map that contained only contour line and altitude data. Therefore, he led the team to "reverse research and development" and undertook the key special project of the national key research and development plan "Science and Technology Winter Olympics" and "Key Technologies for the Design, Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Winter Olympic Snow Venues under Complex Mountain Conditions".

"Nature" is full of science and technology behind it

In addition to the permanent buildings, a large number of temporary supporting facilities for the Winter Olympic Games need to be built in the competition area, and they will not be fully retained after the games. Li Xinggang's team transformed the traditional "dry-type" residential structure into modern construction technology in the southwest mountains of the mainland, developed an alpine overhead platform system, and built a steel structure bracket along the mountain trend to "support" the basic platform, which not only does not destroy the mountain environment, but also improves the construction efficiency and quality, and can quickly restore the original topography according to demand after the game.

The location of the venue is also exquisite. In order to avoid the ice surface of the track from softening due to direct sunlight during the day, the bobsleigh course is usually built on the northern slope of the mountain, but there is only one area on the southern slope of Haituo Mountain with a suitable construction slope. "Turning the south slope into a north slope", Li Xinggang's team used the natural shading of natural terrain, with the design of artificial terrain, awning, windshield and other designs, to achieve the research and development and construction of the "Snow Dragon" terrain climate protection system, and the energy-saving indicators of the track were even better than those of the north slope.

The design team also installed a pedestrian walkway on the awning as a counterweight of the shed structure, which is convenient for maintenance personnel and can be used by spectators and tourists. Hidden under the shingle roof of the awning, the "Snow Dragon" adds to the Chinese charm of the mountain forest veranda. There are also many buildings that are cleverly integrated into the terrain, such as the Yanqing Mountain News Center's 80% earth-covered design, which perfectly integrates into the mountain, and the top of the reservoir dam becomes the entrance channel for the audience of the bobsleigh center.

Convey Chinese culture through architectural design

The Winter Olympic Village did not follow the idea of "building a building in the mountains" of the previous Winter Olympics, but adopted the traditional mountain village settlement layout of the mainland, the courtyard was in place on the mountain, a large number of native trees were preserved, and the remains of the small Zhuanghu village in the 1940s were repaired as old, fully demonstrating the inheritance of the village culture. This is also the embodiment of Li Xinggang's concept of "mountain forest venues, ecological winter Olympics".

"The Winter Olympics is a major international event, and in the international context, it is the core idea of Yanqing's design to transmit the cultural concept and ecological values of the Chinese to the world." Li Xinggang said that the construction of Olympic venues must not only meet the international requirements in terms of technology, but also a super project built under the eyes of the world, from the grand highlight in 2008 to the ecological integration in 2022, "Every Olympic project is creating history." ”

For the "post-Winter Olympic era", Li Xinggang's team has long planned. They formulated the "Winter Olympic Snow Venues and Ancillary Facilities Post-Race Renovation Design Technology and Guidelines" for the Yanqing Olympic Park in advance, which can not only provide international venues for professional athletes, the National Bobsleigh Center has also set up a public experience track departure area, and the "Huicun Ski Trail" of the National Alpine Ski Center will also become a 15.3-kilometer-long public snow track, attracting more enthusiasts to participate in public ice and snow sports. (Liu Suya)

(Qianlong Network)