Wenhui Scholar | Li Qing: Wang Xinfu and the Book of Moth Technique Xuan Cun Cun Shan

[Mr. Wang Xinfu devoted his life to the collection and research of classical Chinese literature and to the preservation of national cultural heritage. The Moth Technique Xuan Shu Cun Shan Book Is a truthful record of the essence of these documents. 】

▲Portrait of Mr. Wang Xinfu

Mr. Wang Xinfu (1901-1966), name Dalong, number supplementary, character line, ancestral home of Xiushui, Zhejiang (now Jiaxing City). His ancestors moved to Wu County (present-day Suzhou City), Jiangsu Province, and became a native of Wu County.

He was born at the end of the Qing Dynasty, at the age of seven, and entered the Suzhou Primary School. At the age of thirteen or fourteen, he was educated and studied the Analects. At the age of eighteen, he learned Chinese from Wujiang's "Master of the Heavenly Fang Building" and the literary scholar Jin Songcen and read the Zizhi Tongjian. At the age of twenty, he studied history books with Ding Guojun. In the same year, he entered the gate of Cao Yuanbi of Wu County, the master of Jin Songcen, and studied scriptures. Cao Yuanbi was the editor of the former Qing Hanlin Academy, specializing in the Three Rites. He was employed and laid the foundation of Sinology. At the age of 26, he taught at Suzhou Girls' Normal School. At the age of twenty-eight, he was hired by St. John's University in Shanghai as a teacher of Chinese languages and later promoted to professor. During this period, the academic circles interacted, the horizons gradually expanded, delved into classical philology, and became a family.

In 1952, he was transferred to the Department of Chinese of Fudan University to teach philology. Until 1966, he died of pneumonia.

"Moth Technique Xuan" is the name of Mr. Zhai in his later years, taken from the "Book of Rites and Learning" "Moth Time Technique", which means: small ants learn big ants, diligently hold the soil, to become an ant mound, figuratively diligent learning.

Throughout his life, he worked tirelessly to collect, sort out and study the classical literature of the mainland, and wrote about Hongfu. As early as 1934-1941, his friend Zhao Yichen and he successively compiled eight series of books (also known as "Eight Years Series Compilation") such as "Jia Shu Cong Compilation" to "Xin Wei Cong Compilation", collecting more than 90 kinds of books, scarce literature, and survived. The two collected the inscriptions and writings of Huang Pilie and Gu Qianli in the Qing Dynasty, and edited and published the "Testament of Huang Gu". On this basis, it was compiled into the "Collection of Gu Qianli" and "The Collection of Huang Pilie", and the "Supplement to the Annals of Mr. Huang Yingpu" was compiled, which provided relatively complete information for these two famous philologists of the Qing Dynasty. The manuscript of "Gu Qianli Collection", later written by the author Dong Li and supported by all parties, has been published by the Zhonghua Book Company in Beijing. The manuscript of the "Huang PiLie Collection" is unknown.

He has focused on the collection of the writings of Hui Dong, the representative of "Wu Xue" in the Qing Dynasty, and compiled several kinds of works such as "Hui Dong Collection", Cao Yuanbi's posthumous works "Fu Li Tang Wen Ii Collection", "Three Collections", "Fu Li Tang Poetry Collection", "Fu Li Tang Ruler", and Cao Yuanzhong's "Residual Manuscript of the Scripture Room" and "Notes in the Scripture Room", etc., the original manuscripts have existed and have not yet been published. In the 1930s, entrusted by Mr. Hu Yujin, he collected the posthumous manuscript and compiled it into the "Xu Kuo Testament Collection" (also written: 鄦庼集林). Among them, "Xu Ku Xuelin" and "Supplementary Correction of the General Catalogue of the Four Libraries" have been published by the Zhonghua Book Company in Beijing in the 1950s and 1960s, and the rest are "Xu Ku Inscription" and "Outline of the Uncollected Bibliography of the Four Libraries", which will not be described in detail.

Not only did he collect the literature of his predecessors, but he also wrote diligently, and in his early years he wrote "Jingjian Yuanzhen Ben Analects Annotated And Commentary on The Commentary on the Commentary on the Scriptures", which is now in the Qing manuscript. In the 1950s, he studied "Pipe" and wrote "Pipe Proofreading", which has a manuscript in existence. He also criticized the version of "Pipe" with Mr. Guo Moruo. He is also the author of "Supplementing the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms" and "Essays on Learning Ceremonies".

In order to lay a good foundation for philology for students, he compiled the first university textbook of philology in China, "Lecture Notes on Philology" (later compiled and published by Xu Pengshi). Widely praised by the academic community. Mr. Ye Changchi's "Collected Chronicle Poems" was later compiled and sorted out by Xu Pengshi and published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House.

According to incomplete statistics, mr. Li has written, sorted out, and collected hundreds of kinds of writings, and the manuscript alone has reached more than 10 million words. The most representative work is this "Moth Technique Xuan Cun Shan Book" written in his later years.

He was neither a dignitary nor a nobleman, nor a man of gold and jade, and he was founded in the world as a teaching writer all his life, and lived for only 66 years. In the era when computers were not yet widespread, relying on personal efforts to make the above achievements is beyond the reach of extraordinary people.

Throughout history, in the tide of the times, some people lead the wind, flying on the tip of the waves, and attracting attention; some people are wrapped in the tide and struggling in the waves. They may be devastated and flawed; they may be like a black hole with no light; they may be indifferent, insignificant, and not noticed by the world. However, they are tenacious and tenacious, never give up the pursuit, and stimulate vitality. Such people are the backbone and backbone of all kinds of civilizations.

Mr. Wang Xinfu devoted his life to the collection and research of Classical Chinese Literature and to the preservation of national cultural heritage. In him, this spirit and strength can be felt. He is worthy of being a representative scholar of modern classical philology in mainland China.

Mr. Wang Xinfu is not only a scholar, but also a practical bibliophile. No matter how difficult the environment was, he always managed to overcome it, went all out, and preserved a large number of precious documents. The Moth Technique Xuan Shu Cun Shan Book Is a truthful record of the essence of these documents.

The literature recorded in the "Moth Technique Xuan Shu Cun Shan Book" includes more than 100 kinds of manuscripts, more than 200 kinds of batch school books, and more than 400 kinds of manuscripts. The source, roughly has four aspects:

First, ancestral transmission. Mr. Wang's father and ancestors have stored the Song Ben "Tao Yuan Ming Collection", the Ming Hongzhi Ben "Chen Boyu Collection", and the Ming Jiajing Kong Tianyin Yi Song Ben engraved "Tong Jian Tong Jian" first printed edition, up to thousands of volumes. Some of these classics have been lost, and some have been preserved.

Second, collect purchases. Throughout his life, he diligently collected various classics. For example, the four volumes of "Zhou Yi Shuoluo" written by Zhang Erqi of Qing Jiyang, and the "True Hezhai" magnetic movable type book of Xu Zhiding of The Kangxi Jihai Taishan, the only one left in China. The original "Jishu Yan Ggute" of the Qing Dynasty Shu Shu manuscript flowed out of the Qing Dynasty Palace. Mr. poured money into it.

Famous manuscripts were collected from all sides, such as Xu Tang's "Han Shishu" in Qingwu County, Qingxiu Shui Zhujin's "Yi Li Yi Shu Draft", Wu Yun's "Catalogue of Calligraphy and Paintings collected by the Two XuanXuan Collections of Scriptures and Tablets", and Zheng Wenzhuo's manuscripts, and hundreds of banknote manuscripts such as Xu Yangyuan's "Collection of Hard Stone Lu", batch school copies such as Yuan and Chen Kui's "Reading Magazine", and so on.

Third, transcribe editing. He copied rare inscriptions and writings from friends and friends, sometimes like a fascination. For example, he Zhuo, Hui Shiqi, and Hui Dong's "Zhou Li Zhuan Shu" school language; he recorded the school language of Duan Yujie, Zang Yong, and other schools' "Ritual Notes"; he over-recorded the school language of Gu Qianli's books such as "Huayang Guozhi" and "Classic Interpretations"; and others, such as the transcription of qian Daxin, Jiao Xun, Pan Zuyin, and other schools, are mostly rare. Even before his death, he was seriously ill and was still recording lu baojing.

After transcribing the transcription, the results are collected and compiled into a book manuscript. For example, Lu Yidian '觌庵書跋》, Jiayetang Qunshu Preface, etc., there are more than forty kinds of these.

Fourth, gifts from teachers and friends. The predecessors entrusted them, such as Cao Yuanbi's "Diary of the Fu Litang", "The Record of the Standing Words of the North Hall", and Hu Yujin's manuscript of "Discerning Customs". Friends and friends saw gifts, such as the "Erya Guo Notes on the Collected Remains", which was copied and donated by Ren Mingshan; the manuscript of the "Supplementary Notes on the Disciples of the Family Language" was given by Ding Fubao.

For these classics, Mr. Li carefully selected and wrote the "Book Record", and made a true record of the above-mentioned various documents. There are three main aspects of the content:

First, the spread of the texts themselves.

For example, in the ten volumes of "Collection of Rhymes", the Cao Yin inscription of the Qing Kangxi Era, the Japanese Tianbao Nine Year (equivalent to the sixth year of Xianfeng) reproduction of the Cao Yin inscription, and the Jiaqing Jiashu and other three books, it records the school language and book seals of more than ten Qing Dynasty scholars such as Yu Jie, Wang Yinzhi, Yuan Tingyu, niu Shuyu and so on.

Another example is Weng Fanggang's unpublished manuscript "Outline of the Siku Quanshu", which records the circulation of the manuscript and the copy of Liu Chenggan Jiayetang, which was copied by Shi Yunqiu. For another example, the "Tang Poems Advocating" originally stored in Feng Guifen's department and later collected by Ding Chuyi were personally approved by Chen Shaozhang and He Yimen, and in the "Book Record", they described the process of their circulation and the situation of acquisition and inclusion.

In all these fields, there are more than a thousand kinds of classics in various fields, such as scriptures, histories, sub-books, and collections. Because they are all personal experience, personal observations, and personally recorded materials, they are true and reliable.

Second, the biographies of people related to the circulation of classics.

Most of the documents contained in the Bibliography are unpublished. Each manuscript brings together the life's work of scholars. Some authors, due to the turmoil of the times, passed away suddenly; they were limited to the social and historical environment and were not known or even recorded. However, the writings he has written are outstanding. For example, there is a volume of the "Water Sutra Notes", which mr. Nai recorded from the fragments. The author is Lin Yishan of Cixi, and in the field of study of the "Notes on the Water Classics", "his merits are no less than dai (Dai Zhen) Wang (Wang Shiduo)". Only by virtue of this recording can it be retained.

Third, the academic flow in the modern Jiangnan region.

After the Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty, the world changed greatly. As far as chinese classics are concerned, the dispersal of classics such as the Qu's Iron Qin Bronze Sword Building, the Yang's Haiyuan Pavilion, the Ding's Eight Thousand Scrolls Building, and the Lu's Song Lou has aroused many discussions and feelings. In the "Preface to the Jiayetang Group of Books", Mr. Jiayetang recorded that "when the books were collected in the Yi Dynasty, although the "BishuZhi" accumulated a large number of manuscripts, only two or three survived, and thousands of engraved books were comparable to Mao's", and Mr. Liu Chenggan "arbitrarily recorded the vice and spread it widely". Under the article "Arbitrary Evidence", he recorded his interaction with Mr. Hu Yujin, was taught, and was entrusted by him to sort out the scriptures.

The social changes and the situation of the intellectual class contained in the "Book", especially the details of the circulation of literature and the interaction of characters in the Jiangnan region, if there is no such book, it will be drowned in the long river of history.

Whenever the times are turbulent, the classics are always gathered and scattered. This particular social phenomenon reveals the mutation, unfolding and evolution of civilization. The Book does not deliberately expound profound philosophies, and cultures and philosophies do not exist out of thin air and must be supported by reality. It is these concrete and true accounts that show the mottled and colorful cultural space of that era. Among them are towering trees, dense jungles, and even slender grass that has survived. It is precisely because of this that the vastness and majesty of history and humanities have emerged; the sky of Chinese culture has shown the profundity and longevity of ideology and philosophy; and the cultural traditions of the Chinese nation have shown the continuous tenacious vitality. Mr. Li once had an evocative passage: "People have encounters or not, and whether the book is passed on or not, there are also fortunate and unfortunate." This thousand-odd work, more than a century, has been through turmoil, and met Mr. Wang. Compared with the many documents that were destroyed by war and chaos, it can be said that it is a "encounter" and a blessing.

This is where the academic value of the Book of Books lies.

The Book of Moth Techniques was written by Mr. Wang Xinfu in the 1960s, and is a summary of his academic achievements in the last period of his life.

The books contained in them, either old or newly written, are carefully considered before they are finalized. At his own expense, he asked his friend "Nai Gong" (Mr. Feng Zun Wu) to copy it and bind it into a book.

From 1961 to 1962, six volumes were written, signed "Gengxin Manuscript", which was named after the year of Gengzi in 1961 and the year of Xin in 1962. From 1963 to 1965, at the progress of six volumes per year, they were signed as "壬寅", "癸卯" and "甲辰" drafts. After that, it was revised and asked a friend, Mr. Zheng Yi, to proofread it. In 1966, five volumes were written and transcribed. Unsigned name.

At the end of August 1966, he fell ill. The "Diary" records that before entering the hospital, the inscription was still being copied. At the time of his serious illness, it coincided with the upsurge of the "Cultural Revolution" and was in full swing. The weather is hot, since the clouds: "It seems that in the furnace, it will become the steel of a hundred refinements." "The medical and physical and mental conditions at that time can be imagined. Mr. Xu Pengshi, a student and assistant who came to visit, said, "I have to help me with my manuscript." Otherwise, they will all become ashes of garbage. "Unexpectedly, after more than two months, leaving behind many manuscripts and a collection of books accumulated throughout his life, Mr. Li died at the age of sixty-six. This is a microcosm of the intellectuals of that era.

Xu Pengshi was entrusted to collect the books and manuscripts stored in Mr. Fudan University's residence and still exist in their original places. In the 1970s, the "Industrial Propaganda Brigade" entered the university. It refers to the collection of books by Mr. Li, which is the "four olds" of "sealing, capital, and repair", and should be in the list of sweeps. The family members were ordered to move out within a limited time, otherwise, they would be "piled up in the alley." Because "the house is inhabited, not the book".

The family was helpless, contacted the used bookstore, pulled away two cars, and then scattered more. He also informed Xu Pengshi. Xu Pengshi heard the news, reported to fudan Chinese department, and transferred the remaining books to the department office. At the same time, through influential scholar Tan

Mr. Qihua reflected to the shanghai municipal leaders. Through various efforts, Fudan University agreed to include the collection of books that were not sent to the used bookstore in the Fudan University Library. During this period, Xu Pengshi found valuable documents and returned them to Master Wang. For example, the above-mentioned Qing Dynasty Wang Shu's "Jishu Yan G Gu Ti" - this is the husband who sold the jewelry of his master and mother before his death. At the same time, some of Mr. Wang's manuscripts were collected and preserved. These include the vast majority of the manuscripts of the Moth Technique Xuan Rare Books, a total of twenty-seven volumes. There is still a clear manuscript and an undefined draft, which, together with Mr. Wang's collection, is included in the library of Fudan University. At that time, Mr. Gu Tinglong of the Shanghai Library attached great importance to this manuscript and specially inquired about it and examined it.

At the end of the 1970s, the country began to resume the postgraduate examination, and the author had the honor of being listed at the door of Xu Pengshi. During his studies, he read this manuscript, and obeyed the orders of his teacher, together with his classmates, compiled a concise catalogue of rare books of moth techniques, mimeographed several times, and distributed them for reference by xueyou.

Since then, Xu Pengshi has successively sorted out and published "Lecture Notes on Philology" and "Supplementary Correction of Collected Chronicles and Poems" and other posthumous works. Together with Mr. Bao Zhenghu, a former professor at Fudan University and later the deputy director of the Beijing Library (now the National Library), he punctuated and sorted out this "Book".

The two gentlemen, regardless of their own health, put down their hands and wrote, which took many years to complete. During this period, Xu Pengshi published some collated manuscripts in professional magazines such as "Chinese Literature and History Series".

In the 1990s, Xu Peng ordered the author to try his best to contact and strive for publication. With the support of Mr. Li Guozhang, President of Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, and edited by Mr. Wu Xumin, the punctuation collation was published in 2002. Xu Shi specially ordered the author to write the "Preface", which will give a little explanation of the academic value and circulation of this book. Shortly after publication, the first edition sold out. It was republished in 2012.

The punctuation book was published, and Mr. Wang Xinfu's academic achievements have further attracted the attention of academic circles inside and outside the region. Mr. Wang's student, Professor Wu Zhongjie of the Department of Chinese of Fudan University, introduced Mr. Wang's deeds and personality in books such as "Scholars on the Sea". Professor Pan Xulan, from the perspective of cultural history, macroscopic examination, published a long article "The Fishy and Bitter Of the Two Great Books", introducing Mr. Wang's achievements and the situation of Mr. Bao Zhenghu and Xu Pengshi's collation of the "Book", which caused considerable repercussions in the academic circles. Articles by other scholars on his life and academic achievements are also published.

By the beginning of this century, Xu Pengshi felt physically and mentally weak, and talked to the author several times about the collation of Mr. Wang's posthumous manuscript. In March 2003, Mr. Wang Qidong, Mr. wang's heir, was specially invited to his home, and it was decided that the posthumous work would be entrusted to the author.

If you are ordered to be mournful, you will be thinking about it for a long time, and you will not dare to slacken off. Over the years, the posthumous works of Mr. Wang and Xu Pengshi have been published in several kinds. Recently supported by the Shanghai People's Publishing House, this work is expected to be incarnated in thousands of incarnations and circulated to the world. Or you can comfort Mr. Xu and Master Xu in the spirit of heaven.

Scholarship has a heritage. The inheritance of scholarship is not only a nominal master-disciple relationship, but also reflected in a deep connection between people and a spiritual continuation. For more than half a century, the tide has risen and fallen, human feelings have changed, and the world has been cold. Following the tide, selling fame and reputation, of course, and the circulation of this manuscript, the author feels more, is the predecessor's persistent pursuit of scholarship, is the warmth of emotional exchange, is the trust between people and people, is a kind of sincerity in human nature, which is more worth cherishing.

Regarding the value of the "Moth Technique Xuan Shu Cun Shan Book" in various specific research fields, the author has made some explanations in the "Preface" of the punctuation of the book, and this will not be repeated.

So, why do you already have a punctuation book and a photocopy of the original manuscript?

First of all, Xu Peng's teachers and students taught that a typeset version had been published, and in view of the social environment and understanding at that time, individual articles were all deleted. Some articles have been changed. Due to the consideration of the form of publication, the original book was divided into volumes, and it was slightly changed. Therefore, the photocopy can more accurately reflect the original as it was.

Secondly, After Mr. Wang wrote each article, he asked someone to transcribe it. After the draft is completed, it is revised, supplemented and annotated. These contents reflect the changes in Mr. Wang Xinfu's thinking in his later years, and in the collated version, such a process cannot be seen or reflected in an unclear manner.

Most importantly, in terms of the value of this form, it should be photocopied. As we all know, various cultural styles: music, dance, painting, sculpture, film, etc., in their respective development histories, at each stage, have their own iconic works, have their own classics. The same is true of the development of book manuscripts.

Chinese classic texts have undergone a long process of historical evolution through the changes of oracle bones, golden stones, simple draperies, paper and other carriers. Since the invention of printing, the form of classic books has mostly changed from handwriting to printing, but it has not reduced the value of manuscripts and manuscripts in the slightest. Since the end of the 19th century, with the evolution of writing instruments, pens, pencils, and ballpoint pens have replaced brushes. In the era of electronic information, computer typing has replaced manual handwriting. In China, there are fewer and fewer manuscripts written with brushes. This is a turning point in the course of historical change.

This manuscript is nearly 5,000 pages long, 17.8 million words, all written in small brush letters, and the calligraphy is dazzling and dazzling. As a representative work on the change of classics and the turning point of the form of book manuscripts, it has irreplaceable value and significance of the times. The author does not agree with the rash complaint that "there is no cultural masterpiece in so-and-so era". Based on the author's decades of trekking at home and abroad and investigating and studying Chinese classics, there are few people in today's world who can compare with this in terms of personal writings of Chinese manuscripts.

In short, whether from its content, from the perspective of academic research in classical philology, or from the perspective of its form and the morphological changes in the flow of manuscripts, this "Book" can be called a well-deserved representative work of our time, worthy of being a classic of the times. Therefore, photocopying is very necessary.

Believe it or not, please wait and see. Looking back after ten or a hundred years, I should prove that I am not arrogant.