Niu Yueqing said: "People say that he writes women well, and women are like bodhisattvas. A few years ago, a female editor in Beijing came to ask for a manuscript, and she also said so, thinking that your teacher Zhuang is a feminist. I also don't understand, what feminism is not feminism. "
Liu Yue said: "I don't see it this way, he writes about women's psychology very carefully." I seem to have read the words you said above in any book. I think the reason why Teacher Zhuang writes that women are as beautiful and kind as bodhisattvas, and that men are superficial and rich in heart. However, he did not dare to take a step beyond the thunder pool, showing that he was a personality repressor. "
The above text is excerpted from Jia Pingwa's novel "Waste Capital", in 1993, Jia Pingwa's novel "Waste Capital" was published, which caused an uproar in the literary world.
Prior to this, Jia Pingwa's works such as "Full Moon", "In the Fruit Forest" and "Ghost Town" made him stand out in the writer's circle. Because of the fresh and moving and philosophical characteristics shown in his works, he has been commented by writers and even readers as "the cleanest person in the literary world", which can be described as a collection of thousands of pets.
However, due to the large number of explicit depictions in "Waste Capital", Jia Pingwo was pulled off the altar and pushed to the cusp of the storm, criticism rose and fell, some people scolded it as a deformed product of mass culture and sensory culture to exclude elite culture, and even rose from the criticism of the content of the novel to an attack on the author's character and private life.
Peking University professor Meng Fanhua directly rebuked "Abandoned Capital" as a product of the clumsy inheritance of the Ming and Qing dynasty literary heritage and deformed culture. As a result, in the midst of a scolding, "Waste Capital" was soon banned from publication and film adaptation. Jia Pingwo also lost the readers who had originally followed him, and changed from a "cleanest person in the literary world" to "the most rogue writer".
Therefore, "Waste Capital" is also considered to be a watershed in Jia Pingwa's works in the usual sense, before that, his works focused more on the customs and customs of Shangzhou, most of the characters depicted with idealized purity and sincerity, and the "spirit" component was heavier, such as The Moon and Man in "Full Moon", and the small water in "Impetuous".
After this, his works are more bold and straightforward, and the female characters depicted often have the initiative and bravery of the times, and their undisguised pursuit and yearning for lust make them full of primitive and vigorous vitality.
But at the same time, the corresponding male characters have always been passive and repressive, as Liu Yue said, they have an instinctive possessiveness for beautiful women, but when they really face it, they become cowardly, which precisely reflects the author's depressed and depressed mentality, as well as the confusion when facing the destruction of the old moral order and the new one.
And "Wu Kui" is such a typical work, the protagonist Wu Kui is a humble driver, he changed from a good citizen who abided by the rules to a bandit who robbed the house, from the beginning of the bodhisattva respect and love for women to later become a demon who married 11 oppressive ladies and played with women.
This subversive change allows us to see the entanglement and entanglement between "spirit" and "flesh", and also allows us to see human nature, desire, betrayal and shame.
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In the northern Shaanxi Plateau, due to the rugged terrain and high mountains and large ravines, the flower bridge for receiving relatives cannot be walked, and the bride can only be carried from the mother's house to the in-laws' family by people, and the five kuis, because of their young and strong strength, have specially played the role of "backing the daughter-in-law" for people.
The Liu family, a large household in Jigong Village, wanted to marry a daughter-in-law, and Wu Kui and a group of young men went to pick up their relatives, and as soon as they saw the bride, they were shocked by her beauty. Therefore, the young man who greeted him deliberately delayed the time, but he attracted the bandits of the White Wind Village.
In order to protect the woman, Wukui used the strength to run away, but they were still caught by the bandits, and in order to save Wukui's life, the woman had to go with the bandits.
Wu Kui did not want women to be occupied by bandits, he relied on his courage to go alone to Baifeng Village, tricked the owner of the village, Tang Jing, said that women were white tiger stars, specializing in men, and even risked being deaf by ear poison, Tang Jing believed his words and returned the woman to him.
For a woman who has only carried herself once, Wu Kui gave up his life to save her, based on the male instinct to save the female animal, but more subconscious heroism.
The beauty of the woman is otherworldly, but for him such a humble driver has given rare kindness, she whispered to Wu kui, Wu Kui was stung by a bee, she spit her own spit to relieve his pain, such a beautiful and kind woman, representing the highest ideal of men, in the heart of Wu Kui, she is like a bodhisattva, worth sacrificing her life and death for her.
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The woman was rescued back to the Liu family, but unfortunately, the young master of the Liu family was blown off his legs when he went to get gunpowder and was ready to snatch the woman back.
Wu Kui regretted it after learning about it, but the matter was irretrievable, in order to see women often, he accepted the "kindness" of Old Master Liu and came to the Liu family to do long work.
In the Liu family, the warmth of the two people continued to flow, Wu Kui was afraid that the woman washed the bandages and had cold hands, and in the early morning she carried water to warm up and poured it into the big wooden basin, and the woman saw that Wu Kui's pants were broken, so she changed one of her husband's pants for him to wear. Wu Kui did not have the desire to take the woman for himself, his feelings at this time were completely an "altruistic" existence, as long as he saw that she was doing well, he was very satisfied.
However, Young Master Liu became moody because of the loss of his legs, and he had a more "sexual abuse" habit, and at any time day and night, two rough and stupid men would surround him and enjoy the woman, and the woman would immediately be tortured more severely if she resisted slightly.
The woman couldn't stand it, crying and begging Wu kui to take her away, Wu Kui was at a loss, just when he hesitated, Old Master Liu led someone to arrive, drove Wu Kui away, and paralyzed the woman alive, making her a "sleeping beauty" who could only lie on the bed, a walking corpse that was used as a venting tool.
Her inhuman encounter eventually aroused wu kui's bloodiness, and he risked his life to sneak back to the Liu family and take the woman away.
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At this point, the story seems to be just a love affair between a young grandmother and a long-term worker across classes, but in the master's pen, the excitement really begins.
After taking the woman into the mountains, the two were far away from the crowd, without the shackles of identity, without fear of being criticized, and there was no obstacle preventing them from being together.
However, Wu Kui flinched, and he built a wall between the two of them' bedrooms, turning a blind eye to the good feelings that women repeatedly expressed to him, and even when the women took the initiative to hug him, they sat still and pushed the women away.
"What will women think of him when they go over there?" Forcing is completely possible, this woman is her own, but the heroic hero Xiong rescued her out of the Liu family, it was originally for himself, this is not like the bandit Tang Jing, Tang Jing they robbed people and openly said that it was for a suppressed lady, but he was in the name of saving others, as a rogue who took advantage of people's danger! Even if a woman is willing to take care of herself, what is this in the rules of the five quills? ”
In Wu Kui's heart, such an act is undoubtedly noble, his feelings for women have transcended the worldly carnal desires, rising to a height similar to faith, in such a set of logic, having a physical relationship with a woman is despicable and immoral, and only when she is admired as a goddess and has no evil thoughts, it is noble and pure.
这也许是一种被高尚借口掩饰的自卑心理作怪，因为害怕失去女神，所以宁可把她当成一座象征着美的圣洁雕像，唯有这样，才能保全男性尊严。
而只有当女神被玷污，走下神坛时，才有勇气把她当成一个活生生的女人，因为在他们的潜意识里，女神背后是被牺牲掉的男性尊严。
Just like Liu Ziyan in "Beauty Cave" fell in love with the beautiful fourth aunt at first sight, but when she really lay in his arms, he was sweating profusely but could not look like a real man.
And when the fourth aunt was forced to disfigure and thrown to him like a broken shoe by the rich man, he instead "is no longer the incompetent man of the past, he is a husband, doing his husband's duty." ”
This almost perverted psychology is a manifestation of Jia Pingwa's real state of mind, writing in the preface to a collection of love poems he wrote to others:
"He is always a regret for missing an opportunity, a kind of self-blame after being shy in front of his face, and he can only fall deeply into the valley of happy unrequited love." Sorrow, frustration, hatred, greater obsession, the ecstasy, has reached the extreme, and the detachment has become fraternity, entering the realm of pure love and noble love. ”
However, from a woman's point of view, what she longs for is neither being treated as a plaything by the young master of the Liu family, nor being worshipped by Wu kui as a god, what she pursues is the life of "people" and the love of people, for this reason, she does not hesitate to escape from the Liu family, which is well clothed and well-fed, however, just after she lost her ability to act and was taken to the mountain by Wu Kui, she was covered in a huge shadow that was regarded as a "god".
As a result, women have to pin their emotions as "people" on a dog called "Four Eyes".
However, all this was discovered by wu kui, and when the woman who regarded herself as a god would be demented and upside down for a dog, he completely vented his hatred on the dog and hanged it alive in front of the woman.
The woman was completely desperate, and Wu Kui was no longer the hero who saved her twice, but the demon who would deprive her of even a little pleasure, and she grabbed her face and jumped into the ice stream.
Her death is not only a rebellion against fate, but also a wordless ridicule, Wu Kui said that he was good to her, but forced her to huangquan Road, she would rather die with the dog than live with him.
Such a move undoubtedly led to the total collapse of the Wukui spiritual world, and the once-convinced moral system fell apart, what was right in the end, and what was the difference between the nobility of their own and the persecution of women by the Liu family?
As a result, the ascetic Wu Kui died with the woman, and in its place was the bandit whose desire was completely released, and he robbed 11 women as the lady of the village, surpassing Tang Jing and becoming the wanted bandit leader.
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In "Five Kui", a woman who does not even have a name is undoubtedly brave, she can bravely ask Wu Kui for help when she is abused by the Liu family, and after being completely disappointed in Wu Kui, she personally ended herself.
She scratched her face twice, the first time, when she begged Wu Kui to take her away, "scratched her face, became ugly, and let him leave me." The second time, after scratching a deep blood tunnel on his face, "he propped up with both hands and turned around and fell down the stream."
She must have thought that her own beauty had caused her misfortune, and for this reason she did not hesitate to destroy it to rebel against the male power that "objectified" her, but her rebellion was ridiculously weak under the whole social system.
On the surface, the Liu family harmed her, and Wu Kui saved her, but in fact, the liu family and the five Kui were the same to her, the Liu family did not hesitate to paralyze her to ensure her absolute loyalty, and wu Kui regarded her as a "god", in fact, it was also a deep collective unconscious, the constraint on female chastity, she never escaped from the big net.
And what she longs for, the desire to live like a "human", is doomed to have nowhere to stay, no way to escape. The author's use of the generic name of "woman" instead of the name is a metaphor for the common dilemma faced by the female group under the situation at that time.
Fortunately, all this has passed, and the morality that even the most basic desires of man must be erased has gradually withered away, and the harm and destruction it brings should not be forgotten.
After all, you come to earth for a trip,
You have to look at the sun,
And your sweetheart,
Walking down the street together,
Get to know her,
Also understand the sun.
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