< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > review</h1>
China has a long history and culture, a vast land and a vast land, and there are many various stories, legends and cultural heritage in the Chinese civilization. Many of these rumors add some mysterious flavor to the depictions of the ancients, the most common of which is folk tales. Different humanistic customs and local characteristics are a kind of reverence for nature in many of our scientific cognitions that we are accustomed to today.
But for people in ancient times, all creatures in the natural environment were closely related to their lives. In the absence of scientific and technological development, people's natural cognition or folktales have become an important guide to their way of life.
Some of these things may also form a cultural evolution and become a new folk activity. Insects, birds and beasts as a common thing, in these stories and rumors have become some taboo, people will try to avoid contact with them.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the legend of the five poisons</h1>
Toads, poisonous snakes, scorpions, centipedes, geckos, do these creatures make you smell discolored? In our daily lives, these insect beasts are the most common creatures. It may be out of an innate sense of fear, and some people feel uncomfortable when they see them, and even be frightened to convulse.
The reason why these creatures cause people to react in this way, presumably, except that our ancestors in tens of thousands of years of evolution, the fear of poisonous things was engraved in DNA, may be largely attributed to our usual hearing.
When we were young, we often heard adults say that poisonous snakes, toads, and centipedes are highly poisonous things, which are difficult to deal with after being bitten, and there will be dangers to life.
In addition, these creatures are not very good-looking, usually their appearance color is either extremely bright and bright, or it is dark and gray and difficult to find, so the "extraordinary appearance" of this biological performance makes people's animal instincts be stimulated, and the brain will tell you two words: "danger".
In ancient China, people were mainly based on agricultural production, and agricultural society was a long-term social expression in China. After the climate enters the valley rain, the temperature rises, and the insect pest also enters the high-frequency breeding stage. The most common of these are snakes, toads, geckos, scorpions, centipedes, and many other pests.
And these poisons in ancient times when medical treatment was not developed will cause more serious harm to people, and will also affect people's production activities. In order to alleviate the threat of insect pests to crops and people, people will carry out pest control activities in farmland, and at the same time, they will also post valley rain stickers to pray for people's safety and crop harvest to drive away evil Najib.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > gecko</h1>
And today we have to talk about one of the "five poisons", the gecko, as a reptile, why in ancient times it was called a hidden poison?
With the rapid development of modern society, many townships have become big cities, and the geckos that were once everywhere are rarely seen in modern people's lives.
In ancient times, geckos were also called "shougong", and there are currently two theories about the origin of the name shougong. One is the use of geckos by Zhang Hua of the Jin Dynasty in the book "Natural history", which says that if the gecko is fed, only cinnabar is fed, and seven pounds of cinnabar are fed, the gecko's whole body will gradually turn red. The gecko is then ground up and used to point at a woman that will not dissipate even for a year, unless intercourse is carried out.
This practice was often used in ancient times as a sign of women's observance of femininity or chastity, which is what people call "shougong sand".
Another theory is that the ancients often saw geckos in the imperial palace, and the geckos had a peculiar appearance, lying day and night, and were considered to be gods guarding the palace, so they were called keeping the palace. However, these are all incomplete and specific understanding of things by the ancients at that time, and to a large extent, there are some superstitious ideas in them.
Many times our modern understanding of geckos comes from books or TV shows, and the most impressive of them is its ability to break its tail. The gecko's tail cartilage is like a switch device, and once it encounters an opponent grabbing the tail or making it difficult to break free, the body will disconnect from the tail. In this way, while the opponent is distracted, the gecko has the opportunity to escape.
Geckos are actually a very large family, it is a subfamily of the gecko family, there are more than 950 species of geckos in the world, and the most common thing in life is the "family gecko".
In the long-term convergence evolution, this type of gecko has gradually adapted to the human environment and life, and is very common in human settlements. Now, with the understanding of scientists, people have learned that geckos are actually a beneficial insect, which is harmless to humans and animals.
So since the gecko's predation habits and living conditions are beneficial to humans in many cases, why did the ancients also list geckos as the "five poisons"?
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the poison of the gecko</h1>
Among the many rumors about the poison of geckos in ancient times, the most described is the urine of geckos. In one story, it is recorded that one summer, a peasant woman was bathing her child at night, and there was tea left over from the day on the table, and the child was thirsty, so the woman gave it to the child to drink. After the woman went out, the child was gone, and the water in the basin became muddy and fishy. The woman took a closer look and noticed two large geckos mating by the water.
The above story takes into account the creation of works, and there are some elements of artistic processing in it. However, in the unified cognition of the ancients, gecko urine is poisonous. According to Chinese medicine, geckos urine is more toxic, dripping into the eyes will be blind, into the ears will be deaf, stuck on the skin will cause ulceration, and geckos crawl over the food into the stomach will be poisoned to death.
Geckos are not only considered to be highly toxic in nature, but also "poisonous" in other descriptions, such as habits. The ancients believed that geckos were also a kind of obscene insect, preferring places with water, and especially liked to mate where there was water. The semen left by the gecko exchange is a highly toxic substance, and it will turn into pus after people eat it, so the overnight tea and rice cannot be eaten.
In addition, in some Materia Medica records, geckos are salty and cold and weakly toxic Chinese herbal medicines, and some of the relevant literature that survives today continue the sexual taste of geckos.
The gecko's escape skill of the broken tail was even more frightening to the ancients, and the gecko's tail after the broken tail will still be active for a short time, which is caused by its residual nerve discharge signal.
This hidden skill made the ancients think that the gecko's tail was not only poisonous, but also would burrow into the ear while people were asleep, making people deaf.
For these poisons, people are not able to drive away, coupled with some stories and legends and folk hearsay, geckos have often left a lot of bad impressions in the past.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > gecko studies</h1>
Because geckos have been fabricated in folk tales and rumors, there has long been a lot of misunderstanding. But in fact, in the "five poisons" ranking, the gecko is listed as one of the five poisons is not how toxic the gecko is, but its medicinal properties.
In fact, in the use of ancient words, there are more descriptions of toxic pharmacology, taking Chinese medicine as an example, the strength of toxicity actually has a layer of medicinal strength.
In the medicinal properties present in these poisons, most of them are used to treat some difficult diseases, the means are more extreme, and the peculiarity of the five poisons has caused many ordinary people to have some misunderstandings about this.
In the study of peptide drug creation engineering of China Pharmaceutical University, many pharmacological effects of geckos have been found. In terms of cancer, taking the mouse liver and spleen as the main research direction, researchers found that gecko dry powder has a growth stimulation effect on the spleen and thymus. The study of gecko alcohol extract found that through the control experimental results, gecko alcohol extract can increase the number of white blood cells in mice to varying degrees.
Geckos' sulfate polysaccharides can also promote the proliferation of monocytes, dendritic cells, and have a mitogenic effect on lymphocytes.
The promotion of antigen-presenting cells by polysaccharide substances enhances the killing effect of lymphocytes on liver cancer cells through antigen-presenting action. These studies have proved that geckos have the effect of enhancing immunity and disease resistance in medicinal properties.
The gecko's broken tail escape skills are well known, and in regenerative medicine and molecular biology, the regenerative ability of the gecko after the broken tail has also become an important study in biomedicine.
After the gecko breaks its tail, it will go through three stages: wound healing, regenerative bud formation, and tail regeneration. In real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions, the mRNA level of vascular endothelial growth factor is upregulated when the gecko's tail regenerates.
In the early and middle stages of the gecko's tail regeneration stage, a large number of vascular endothelial growth factors present in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells accumulate in the tail adipose tissue. During its regeneration process, the glial growth factor-2, transferrin and other related active substances released by the nerve endings at the severed tail can re-enter the growth cycle.
Researchers have studied the regenerative ability of the gecko's tail in the hope that in the future, they can guide the biomimetic regeneration pathway in the human body, as well as the regenerative factors in the gecko extract, so as to develop drugs that promote tissue regeneration.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > five poison cultures</h1>
Compared with other poisons, geckos are too toxic to say that they have much effect. Toxic urine is only slightly toxic, and a small number of people may overreact, but the salmonella and some germs carried by geckos are much stronger. People have now eliminated the prejudice against geckos, but in the entire five poisons system, the five poisons still have a strong cultural atmosphere in China.
In the pre-Qin period, people believed that May was the "poisonous moon", poisonous insects appeared at this time, and it is recorded in the Book of Rites that the Dragon Boat Festival originated from the Zhou Dynasty's orchid bathing. Disturbed by the heat and humidity of summer and insect pests, agricultural activities have slowed down. In order to drive away these poisonous insects, people will drink male yellow wine, bind wormwood, calamus and other plants at the door, and sprinkle cinnabar male yellow to drive away the five poisons.
In addition, the people will also make paper cuts or pictorial newspapers of the five poisons, and some families will draw these images of the five poisons on their children. It means to return the five poisons, not to invade the poisons, and to bless peace.
The five poisons were later also made of jade pendants by people, which symbolized all kinds of beautiful auspiciousness and fortune. For ordinary people, how to get along with them is a more important way.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > concluding remarks</h1>
Since ancient times, people have had some basic understanding of natural things. However, due to the fact that the cultural level of the society at that time was generally not high, some things lost their original appearance, coupled with fabrication, the five poisons naturally became something that people avoided. Geckos, whose whereabouts are hidden and have strange habits, are naturally regarded as a kind of "poison".
But this poison is not the other poison, and as people's understanding of nature continues to deepen, some of the original misunderstandings will naturally be resolved. Nowadays, geckos are beneficial insects in the household and are also three animals, and we don't have to be afraid of this creature as before. Instead, we should try to better embrace them.