I want to justify the name of the great Emperor Qin Shi Huang

Since Qin Shi Huang won the government and unified China, there is a history of more than 2,000 years. Most of the information we have seen and learned about Qin Shi Huang is not good, and the biggest crime is (explosion of the king). I'm going to justify his name. As far as I know, let us talk to you about our first emperor Qin Shi Huang.

Win Zheng has been a hostage in the Zhao Kingdom since he was a child, and since he was a child, he has also been sent to the fence and suffered humiliation. Later, when he got old, he also did something wrong, which should also be related to his growth environment. With the help of Lü Buwei, he was able to return to the Qin state and become emperor. It has always been Lü Buwei and his mother who came to power until after the crown. By getting rid of Lü Buwei, Liao Yi and his mother after slowly unifying Huaxia militarily. Carry out a series of reforms and his contribution to the present day is still using the benefits of his old family. Now let's take a rough example. Cancellation of the Law of Deception. The Son of Heaven calls himself "Yuan". The meaning of the word "朕" is the same as that of "I". Only the large seals carved in jade used by the emperor could be called "seals". Adopt a centralized system. In order to effectively manage the country, but also to lay the foundation for future generations

Qin Shi Huang drew on the specific experience of setting up official positions during the Warring States period and established a fairly complete centralized system and political power structure. (1) Central institutions The central government has set up ministers, lieutenants, and imperial masters. There are two members of the left and right, and they are the heads of the hundred officials and are in charge of political affairs. The lieutenant is in charge of the military and is not often placed. Goshi Dafu was the second in command of the Chancellor, the secretary of the Imperial Household, and the Inspector of The Hundred Officials. (2) Local institutions Adopted Lis's suggestion, abolished the sub-feudal system and changed to the county system. Local administrative bodies are divided into two levels: county and county. The main officials of the counties and counties are appointed and dismissed by the central government. The capital we are using now is the central agency, subordinate provinces, cities, counties. Town, township, village, group and before are similar meanings

When these were done, they began to formulate a strategy of attacking the Xiongnu in the north and Ping Baiyue in the south.(1) Southern Expedition to Baiyue.In order to maintain the stability of Lingnan, Qin Shi Huang ordered the soldiers who marched into Lingnan to stay in the local "Tunshu". In addition, a large number of immigrants from the Central Plains to the Lingnan region were also immigrated. The soldiers and immigrants who stayed behind, except for a few who married immigrant women from the Central Plains, mostly married Yue women. They have brought advanced culture and agricultural and handicraft technology to the Lingnan region, and have made significant contributions to the development of Lingnan. The War of Qinping Lingnan was an important part of Qin Shi Huang's war to unify China. For the first time in history, it officially incorporated Lingnan into China's territory, making the Yue officially a member of the big family of the Chinese nation. It plays a non-negligible role in promoting the integration of the Han-Yue ethnic group and the socio-political, economic and cultural development of Lingnan. Baiyue is now the Pearl River Delta, Macao, Hong Kong, Guangxi and other places.(2) Attacking the Xiongnu in the north In the 33rd to 34th year of Qin Shi Huang (214 BC - 213 BC), Qin Shi Huang sent the general Meng Tian to lead an army to attack the Xiongnu in the north. In order to prevent the Xiongnu from going south, Meng Tian was ordered to recruit a large number of migrant workers to build the Great Wall from Lintao (Min County, Gansu) in the west to Liaodong in the east on the basis of the Great Wall of Yan, Zhao, and Qin, which played an important role in consolidating the northern border of Qin. The Qin Dynasty's victory against the Xiongnu was the first and heaviest blow to the invading forces of the Xiongnu nobles. The Xiongnu were forced to "migrate north" for more than ten years. Until the Great Wall, which we are proud of, is known as one of the Seven Wonders by the world. The current water conservancy project Dujiangyan, located in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, more than 50 kilometers away from Chengdu, is currently the oldest water conservancy project still in play in the world, known as the "living water conservancy museum". Full weir... Dujiangyan was built in 256 BC and was built by Li Bing, the shou of Shu County, Qin at that time. In the economic aspect, the degree of unity system proposed During the Warring States period, the weights and measures systems and monetary systems of various countries were very inconsistent. After the unification of the Qin Dynasty, it was stipulated that the currency should be divided into two kinds: gold is called the upper coin, with the unit of the yoke (20 of the Qin system is the yoke); the copper coin is called the lower coin, unified into a circular square hole, and the unit of half and two Qin Shi Huang adopted the main way of two unified currencies: First, the state uniformly minted coins, severely punished private coinage, and held the right to manufacture the currency in the hands of the state. The second is to unify the two currencies, that is, the upper coin gold and the lower coin copper coin To change gold to "ytterbium" as the unit, one yttrium to twenty-two. The copper coin is in units of "half two", and the coin is clearly minted with the word "half two". The copper coin shape is a circular square hole, commonly known as "Qin half two". It turned out that the pearls and jade, turtle shells, silver tin, etc. common in the Six Kingdoms could no longer be used as currency, and as far as the Qin, the currency of the middle country was second-class; gold was named yi, which was the upper coin; and the copper coin was half two, weighing as its text, and was the lower coin. The genus of pearl jade, turtle shell and silver tin is a treasure of ornamentation, not a coin. That is, what we often call (weights and measures) played a very big role in the economic development of the time. During the Warring States period, the shape of vehicles in various countries was different. After Qin Shi Huang unified the whole country, the width of the fixed car was six feet, and one car could pass through the whole country. It is the same width of the road that can travel into the carriage, and now the road is still there, so many years have passed, and there is no grass, which shows how harmful the road construction process was at that time. The book was written in the same language, and the text gradually became popular. As the official script, the golden script is relatively consistent in form. However, in the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, there were regional differences in weapons, pottery, book, jianshu and other folk scripts. This situation hinders economic and cultural exchanges in various places, and also affects the effective implementation of central government policies and decrees. Therefore, after Qin unified the Central Plains, Qin Shi Huang ordered Li Si and others to organize and unify the writing.

The State of Qin would perish so soon that most people said he was a tyrant. In fact, they were wrong, in his time there was no such thing as starving people. Repair the Great Wall, build mausoleums, repair palaces, this is true. Requires a lot of manpower. The reason why it died out so quickly was because the central government did not have the troops to protect the frontier, and the xiongnu in the north guarded the Baiyue in the south. Liu Tied up to Guanzhong did not resist, for the sake of the people of the city, Zi Bao took the initiative to surrender. It is said that Qin Shi Huang gave Zhao Tuo a secret edict before his death, and the content of the secret edict said that you should guard the frontier well, and if someone in the Central Plains came to attack, you were not allowed to return to the Central Plains to save the war, and the Qin State could perish, but China could not be unified in four divisions. Seeing this what you think, how great this person's heart is, he thinks about the world, is the whole of China, you say he does not do the emperor who can do. What personal interests count. It is said that this secret edict is still in the Beijing Museum. Be sure to check it out when you have time.

Most of us Chinese belittled Qin Shi Huang. In the West, people often compare Qin Shi Huang with the Roman emperor Caesar. Generally speaking, the population and area of the Roman Empire and the Qin dynasty were not much different. But it lasted less than the Roman Empire, and after Caesar's death, the empire fell apart. The Qin Dynasty was different, which was the reason for the unique influence of Qin Shi Huang. Therefore, in any ranking of outstanding emperors in the world, Qin Shi Huang is almost ranked at the highest or nearest highest position

Let's talk about what people often say about the book burning pit Confucianism, what is the real right Confucianism, that is, those Fang Shi, the liars. He wanted to live forever, and this liar always lied to him, and then killed him in one fell swoop. And who wrote this book is Sima Qian. In that era is the current era, you certainly can't say that your master is not good, you will definitely say that the previous master is not good. Sima Qian at this time must have a personal color and wrote a fact that is not just. The book burning pit Is not Confucianism, not the reader. Is a charlatan.

There is also a gossip that he is Lü Buwei's illegitimate son, which is actually not very true. Sima Qian said in the "Chronicle of Lü Buwei Lie" that Lü Buwei sacrificed the body to a stranger, which is consistent with the record of "taking the son Zheng (Zheng) who gave birth in September". Even Sima Qian himself did not know the true identity of Qin Shi Huang, "only by hearing about it", so the account before and after contradicted itself. This you can see that the tour guide is called Xiao Zhuge and he said it very well.

Although some of the projects such as the Great Wall Spiritual Canal were beneficial to the country and the people, the productive forces were still greatly damaged, and qin shi huang sold a stone of rice for 1,600 yuan in thirty-one years (the history of qin shi huang benji), and the people were miserable, so it is not surprising that qin dynasty ii died.

Successive dynasties have preached the cruelty and inhumanity of Qin Shi Huang, such as the burning of books and pit Confucianism, the great construction of Afang Palace, the Great Wall, the Tomb of Lishan and so on. However, from the archaeological point of view, there are "book burning", but fortunately, the books burned have many copies in the Xianyang Palace and the folk, but unfortunately, the precious historical books stored by the Zhou royal family have no copies, and they have also been burned to extinction (Chronology of the Six Kingdoms of History). "Pit Confucianism" is a later version, which is recorded in the "Records of History" as pit killing warlocks, but it is also mentioned that "all beings recite The Fa Confucius", that is to say, these warlocks and Confucian students are of the same category. After archaeological excavations, Afang Palace was not built, only a foundation. However, in order to build a large-scale Afang Palace, it is also expensive to prepare work and materials, and posterity has the saying "Afang out of Shu Mountain Bald", not to mention that Qin Shi Huang copied more than 270 palaces of the Six Kingdoms around Xianyang, and also connected by Yongdao (Qin Shi Huang Benji), the cost of civil labor can not be calculated. Qin Shi Huang deviated from the tradition of advocating frugality in the Qin state, which was a major mistake of his.

History is written by man, and it is mixed with the joys and sorrows of many authors, as well as the will of the rulers. Although Qin Shi Huang made great contributions to China, he also laid the seeds for the rapid demise of the Qin Dynasty. His evaluation is bound to be mixed, ugly and beautified, and posterity will inevitably accept these theories when reading books.

Throughout the life of Qin Shi Huang, he was a very remarkable figure. He has his own advanced thoughts and feelings, and his intentions are very good. Maybe it's too idealistic. We can't demonize him with an objective evaluation that everyone has done badly. We are the descendants of Huaxia and still use the spiritual wealth he left behind. Chinese culture is the wealth of our wealth. Face up to history to go further.