There is a lot of speculation about the authorship of the Golden Plum Bottle (this article is based on the August 1963 photocopied version of the Ming Dynasty ByAmari Edition of the Daian Co., Ltd. of Japan).
Some people make articles from the "Lanling" of "Lanling Xiaoxiaosheng", thinking that the author should be from Shandong. Therefore, the language of "Jin Ping Mei" is generally considered to be Shandong dialect.
This article tries to provide facts for everyone to study from the perspective of dialect research. Of course, the author did not see and hear extensively, and the negligence asked the Fang family to correct it.
Research on Chinese Dialect Pronouns
A Shandong dialect questioned
From the two major characteristics of the phrase "Jin Ping Mei", that is, the sound has disappeared and the voice has been cleared, we can conclude that the basic dialect used in this book is northern dialect. (Fifty-three to fifty-seven times were added by another author, and these five times are not included in this article.) Therefore, the comrades who do not engage in dialect research say that the "Golden Plum Bottle" uses Shandong dialect, although it is not accurate enough, but it is not a big mistake, because Shandong dialect belongs to the northern dialect and is a kind of northern dialect.
We say that "Jin Ping Mei" uses the inaccuracies of the Shandong dialect, and there are two points:
(1) Some everyday language, although Shandong dialect is commonly used, but Henan dialect is also spoken, Hebei dialect is also spoken, so it cannot be said to be Shandong dialect, but northern dialect. For example, "Dada (call the father), Huali Huzi (Huali Flower Shoots), this we are late (this morning and evening), that we are late (that morning and evening), duo we (more than morning and evening), nonsense, picking up, flat food (dumplings), 㿚瘑 (Luo Pot), scratching, rubbing, drowning, grandmother, Li", etc., Shandong dialect also speaks, Henan dialect also speaks, Hebei dialect also speaks; among them, "nonsense", Hangzhou dialect also says: "Nonsense, Hangzhou people call nonsense." (Hatano Taro, Compilation of Dialects Recorded by the Chinese Fangzhi, Vol. II, p. 95)
(2) Some everyday language does not match the Shandong dialect. In other words, these words may not be Shandong dialect. We know that the Shandong dialect also has differences within itself, and it is not possible to generalize. Here, the main materials used to compare with the terms used in "Jin Ping Mei" are mainly three materials:
The first is Ren Junze's collection of "Lu Western Dialect Vocabulary" (the third and sixth volumes of the "Dialects and Mandarin Collection", The Character Reform Publishing House);
The second is Ding Yaokang's "Continuing Golden Bottle Plum" by Zhucheng, Shandong (a typeset edition of Shanghai Chunming Bookstore photocopied by Tianyi Publishing House);
The third is the "Preliminary Investigation Report on Shandong Dialect Vocabulary" and the "Investigation Report on Yixian Dialect" (mimeographed) compiled by the department of Chinese of Shandong Qufu Normal University.
Now take the words "library, pulling bed, maosi, yellow sprouts, meat balls, eggs, kitchen, old woman, smear cards, bucket cards, evening sunset, redemption of a patch, concave" and other words, and explain.
1. Library. The "Golden Plum Bottle" uses the word "library" to refer to the paper room and paper utensils burned for the deceased. For example:
(Ximen Qing) said to the earl: Today is his sixth seven, do not chant the scriptures, burn the ku'er for him. Ximen Qing and Li
The bottle burned the paper, carried it out of the warehouse, and taught the economy to watch the first of the gate burn. (Sixty-seven times on pages 23 to bottom)
At a little later, the dojo was completed, and the incinerator library was scattered. (Sixty-eight times on page 3, see also eighty-nine times under page 9)
In present-day Liaocheng, Shandong, it is said that "Zacai (Zacai)": "Noun, refers to the paper man, paper horse, paper building, etc. that are tied when the coffin is sent after the dead person." Example: When your uncle died, he had some older materials. (Dialects and Mandarin, Vol. VI, p. 59)
In present-day Shanghai Chongming dialect, it says "ku", which is a noun; also says "Zaku", which is a verb phrase. Fujian Zhangping dialect also says "paper warehouse".
2. Pull-out bed, white step bed, eight-step bed. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to refer to a kind of fashionable and generous bed. For example, this lady has a good penny in her hand, and there are two beds in Nanjing. (Seven times 2 pages below.) Sixty-two times on page 20 is "white step bed", ninety-one times 8 pages under the "eight-step paint bed". ）
In the case, it has been revealed that the "Nanjing pull-out bed" should be a famous product in Nanjing. The Shandong Juye dialect calls a rich family bed with a porch in front of the bed as a "top bed", and there is no "pulling bed" (Comrade Huang Baozhen informed). In the present Chongming dialect, there is a saying of "pulling up the step to warm the bed".
3. Maoshi. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to refer to the latrine. For example:
1
From the summer of 1982 to the summer of 1983, I audited professor P.D. Hanan's special research class on "Golden Plum" in the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures of Harvard University in the United States, and wrote an article entitled "On <金瓶梅>the Characteristics of Dialects". This article is an excerpt from the relevant chapters. I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to the Harvard-Yenching Society for the invitation, to Mr. HanNan, and to the teachers and friends who provided dialect information.
2
Wait until I chop the adulteress into a few pokes and sweep her into the wools. (Twenty-eight times, see page 9 and twenty times on page 3) Press, Ding Yaokang's "Continuing Golden Bottle Plum" as "Mao Toilet": "Xiao Yu urinates on the back yard Mao toilet every day." (three times 20 pages)
Shandong Juye dialect says "Maozi". Luxi, Luoyang, Henan, Weixian, Hebei, and other places also say "Maozi" (Dialects and Mandarin Collection, vol. 3, p. 43. The sixth book is 87 pages, 106 pages 117 pages).
Shanxi Pingyao dialect also says "Maozi" (Comrade Hou Jingyi informed).
Nanchang dialect and Zhejiang Xiangshan dialect mean "Maosi" (Compilation of Dialects Recorded by Chinese Fangzhi, Vol. VII, p. 350).
Present-day Jixian County, Henan is known as "MaoHao" (Dialects and Mandarin Collection, vol. 3, p. 26). The words "Maosi, Maoshi, Maosi" are read lightly and can be counted as homophones.
4. Yellow sprouts. "Golden Plum Bottle" is called both "cabbage" and "yellow sprouts". For example: a yellow leek milk cake and vinegar roasted cabbage. (Twenty times on page 4) A bowl of yellow sprouts and wonton egg soup with Fire River. (45 times on page 3) Shandong is famous for producing Chinese cabbage. "Continued Golden Bottle Plum" only calls "cabbage": "Boiled some thin soup, two cabbages without oil, ate a bowl, and put it down." (eleven times, p. 66)
Shandong, Beijing and other places, all say "cabbage, cabbage". In Jiangsu and Zhejiang, it is said that "yellow sprouts".
5. Meat balls. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to refer to meatballs. For example: a bowl of red meat balls with yam stew. (Forty-five times on page 3.) See also sixty-seven times on page 10) Shandong Liaocheng and others said "pills": "Mother, give you this money to buy a steamed bun and buy a bowl of balls five." (In the case of "five" on page 54 of the Sixth Edition of the Collected Works of Dialects and Mandarin, "five" is "used as a pronoun, equivalent to 'what' in Mandarin.") ）
See also the example of "knife" on page 37 of the third book of the same book: "I will give you a knife (i.e., a pill). The Beijing dialect also says "pills." In Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, it is said that "meat round (sub)". Nanchang dialect and Northern Jiangsu dialect also say "meat balls" (informed by Comrades Yao Zhenwu and Liu Jian).
6. Eggs. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to refer to the male vagina. For example, empty birds with egg beaks. (2 times on 4 pages)
In present-day Liaocheng and Heze, Shandong, and Luoyang, Henan, say "egg" instead of "egg" (Dialects and Mandarin Collection, vol. VI, pp. 29, 75). Old Beijing dialect also avoids saying "egg" with "egg" as a taboo. Nowadays, the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions and Nanchang dialect often say "eggs".
7. Under the kitchen. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to refer to the kitchen. For example, Wuhan University bought some meat, vegetables and fruits and returned and put them under the kitchen. (One back to the bottom of page 14.) See also fifty-eight times on page 13)
In present-day Yixian County, Shandong Province, the kitchen is called "kitchen house, pot house" (Yixian dialect survey report). Shandong Juye dialect also says "kitchen house, pot house" (Comrade Huang Baozhen informed). Shandong Anqiu dialect "rice house" (Dialects and Mandarin Collection, vol. VIII, p. 56). In the present Wu language, it is said "under the stove". The "Three Words" and "Two Beats" written by Wu writers mostly use "under the kitchen".
8. Old lady. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to refer to midwives. For example: Yue Niang said, I said it was time, and these six sisters still insisted on saying early. Don't call the little girl to come and ask the old lady to go. (Thirty times on page 7.) See also seventy-nine times on page 22)
In Shandong Yixian dialect, "old lady" is called grandmother ("Yixian Dialect Investigation Report"). Jiaozhi also refers to the grandmother as "old lady" (Compilation of Dialects Recorded in the Chinese Fangzhi, vol. VIII, p. 136). In The Yantai dialect of Shandong Province, the midwife is called a "midwife" (Qian Zengyi, Yantai Dialect Investigation Report, p. 180, Qilu Book Society). Luanzhou, Hebei, Zhenhai, Xiangshan, and other places in Zhejiang called the midwife "old woman" ("Compilation of Dialects Recorded by The Chinese Fang Zhi", page 4, page 254), page 327, page 7, page 72, page 394).
Chongming said "old woman". The Hangzhou dialect is also "old lady" (Compilation of Dialects Recorded by the Chinese Fang Zhi, Vol. III, p. 205).
9. Wipe cards, fight cards. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to refer to playing cards. For example: Play chess with Jin Lian and Bottle Er every day, and form a gang. (Twenty-three times on page 12.) See also the second time 6 pages below) that day to fight cards, won Chen brother-in-law three coins of silver. (Fifty-two times under 16 pages)
Russie plays cards called "Playing Cards" (Dialects and Mandarin Collection, vol. 3, p. 41). In the area of Henan Province, it is said that "smear cards" (Comrade He Wei informed). Xuzhou also says "smear card" (Li Shen, "Xuzhou Dialect Vocabulary Continuation", in Dialects, No. 3, 1984, p. 228). In the Shanghai area, such as Chongming, playing cards is called "Doupai", and the old Beijing dialect is also called "Doupai" (Comrade Chen Gang informed).
10. Evening. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to refer to the evening. For example, later in the evening, Ximen Qing ate the second medicine of Liu Tangerine Zhai. (Seventy-nine times under page 17.) See also the same back to page 19 below)
Shandong Yixian says "night" ("Yixian Dialect Survey Report"), And Jinan also says "evening" (Chinese Dialect Vocabulary, p. 22, Character Reform Publishing House)
11. Redeem a patch of medicine. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to refer to grabbing a chinese medicine. For example, to redeem a heartache medicine. (Five times on page 6.) See also the same return to page 7 under "the book to get medicine", eighty-five times under page 1 "redeem two stickers" and so on)
The verb for grasping Chinese medicine is "redemption" and the quantifier is "paste", which is a spoken Wu language.
12. Concave. "Golden Plum Bottle" is used to express the meaning of hooking up. For example: If you are on a concave, and you are worried about what you wear to make use? (Thirty-seven times on page 7)
In present-day Chaoxian County, Anhui Province, the dialect is "concave" (desound), which is converted into Beijing dialect is wà, which means to make the strength up and hang up (Comrade Liu Shitao informed). It is similar to the meaning of the use case of "Golden Plum Bottle". This term is not yet seen in the Shandong dialect today.
Comparative Study of Sino-Tibetan Languages and Chinese Dialects
2. Example of Wu dialect
The book "Jin Ping Mei" uses some Wu dialect language. The so-called Wu language also has such and such differences internally. Here we will divide it into two large regions, one is the Suzhou and Shanghai-centered Su and Shanghai Wu languages, and the other is the Zhejiang wu language. In the following examples, we try to take into account this internal difference.
Now take "field chicken, constant time, many, capital, lilac, guest, original, under the house, hooves, white flames, under the rice, the door, the stone door" as an example to illustrate.
1. Field chicken (i.e. frog)
The count said, you come here, I will tell you a joke. A crab and a field chicken become brothers, and bet to jump over the ditch to go to the big brother. The chicken jumped over a few times, and the crab wanted to jump, and bumped into two women to draw water and tie him up with a grass rope, "When the chicken saw that he was not coming, he came to see him and said, "Why don't you go." Crab Cloud, I went over, but I didn't eat the two little whore's hangings. (Twenty-one times on page 13)
The northern dialect colloquially says "frog", or "toad" (both toads and frogs), but not "field chickens". The spoken word for "field chicken" in Shanghai only refers to frogs, and the spoken language does not speak frogs. For example, in phrases such as "catching field chicken", "eating field chicken", "fried field chicken", etc., "field chicken" cannot be replaced by "frog". Moreover, the word "crab" in Shanghai cannot be called "crab". On the contrary, the northern dialect only says "crab", not only "crab". In the example above in the "Golden Plum Bottle", "field chicken" is only one way to say, and "crab" is both "crab" and "crab", which shows that it uses both the northern dialect and the southern dialect, of course, the use of "crab" here alone may also be the use of the literary language.
2. Constant (i.e., often); more (i.e., all), all (i.e., more)
(1) When people see him as weak and simple, they bully him a lot. Wu Da was not angry and often avoided it. (one back on 9 pages)
(2) (Ying Earl's daughter Ying Second Sister-in-law) prayed and prayed to the Moon Lady, saying that the family often disturbed this place, and Domon took care of it. "Yue Niang said, the girl is good to say, often tired of your second father." (Forty-three times 10 pages down to 11 pages)
According to the Beijing dialect, it only says "constant" and does not say "constant"; in Shanghai, on the contrary, the spoken language only says "constant", not "constant". This difference in word order reflects the difference in dialects. The name "Changshi" in "Jin Ping Mei" is probably derived from the customary saying "changshi, changing season".
Also, in example (1), "bully him more", "more" means "all". In the Shanghai area, "many, many" homophone [tu]. In the book "Jin Ping Mei", "many and all" are mixed, not only in this place, which can be described as a common practice. as:
(3) Half rain and half snow in the air, falling on clothes, more. (Thirty-eight times on page 9)
(4) (Zhang Sheng) also asked, are you old this year? Economics, twenty-four years old. (Ninety-four times on page 3) Press, the "many" in the example is "all", and "all" means "many". "Many, all" can only be mixed in Wu language and other "many, all" the same
Dialect area of the sound. The sayings "twenty-four, twenty-four, twenty-four" are also spoken Wu, and the northern dialect is "twenty, twenty-four, twenty-one" and so on.
3. Cloves (i.e. earrings)
Two lilacs on the ears. (Seventy-seven times on page 16)
The northern dialect now says "earrings". "Golden Plum Bottle" is mostly "ring", only this one is "Lilac". Today's Wenling dialect in Zhejiang province refers to earrings as "lilacs" (Li Rong, "The Continuous Reading and Transposition of Wenling Dialects", in Dialects, No. 1, 1979, p. 6)
4. Guest (i.e., guest); under the room (to be humble to others as his wife and concubine); original (i.e., still)
(1) Yesterday Montgo sent the two good anchovies with me, sent one tail to go with my brother, and the remaining one tail said to the room, "The original old red rot is cultivated," or when a guest comes, steam a plate to go up." (Thirty-four times on 5 pages)
The northern dialect says "guest". In Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, it says "human guest". Influenced by the Ningbo dialect, some people in Shanghai also say "human guest".
Zhejiang Xiaoshan dialect and Xiangshan dialect also speak "human guest" (Compilation of Dialects Recorded by The Chinese FangZhi, Part VII, pp. 264, 303)
For example, "Fangxia" is used to humble people as their wives and concubines, and is also found in Ling Maochu's "The Surprise of the Second Moment Shooting", vol. 22, 484 (Classical Literature Publishing House. The same below). Therefore, the term "under the house" may be popular in Zhejiang.
In the example, "the original old red rotten child is cultivated", "the original old" is still the meaning. The Wu language in the present-day Shanghai area is spoken often. In the book "Jin Ping Mei", in addition to "original old", it is also "original", which is still the meaning. For example:
(2) In two days, I lost the cotton clothes on my body, "Still on the street to eat." (Ninety-three times on page 6)
This use of "original old, original" is also common in the "Three Words" and "Two Beats" written by Wu writers. ("Bu Que" is also a spoken Wu language, which is unknown.) For example, The Awakening of the Everlasting Word, vol. XXVIII, p. 591 (Writers Press. The same below):
(3) Sat down once and walked out.
According to the "original going out", it means still going out. And "The Surprise of the Second Moment Shooting" Volume XXXVI, 705 pages:
(4) I am afraid that I will regret it in the future, and I will take it originally, so I deliberately say "I dare not touch my hand", and he is good at it.
Pressed, "originally taken away" is the meaning of still coming and going.
5. Hooves (i.e. elbows), white boils (i.e., white boiling); rice (i.e. dishes)
(1) Bought a box of fruit pies, two ducks, a pair of hooves, two bottles of wine, "" (thirty-two times on page 7)
(2) The second course is four bowls of summer rice, one Ou'er filtered steamed roast duck, one Ou'er crystal hooves, one Ou'er white roasted pork, and one Ou'er cannon fried loin. (Thirty-four times on page 6)
According to the "hoof" of "Jin Ping Mei", that is, the "elbow" of Beijing dialect and the "hoof" of Shanghainese. In fuyang, Zhejiang Province, it is said that the "bladder" of "hoof" (informed by Comrade Shi Guangan) The "bladder" of "hoof, hoof" is homophonous with "fat" even when pronounced. Chronicle of Dinghai County, Zhejiang
Under the character "燉" is written "燉茶, 燉 fat hoof" (Compilation of Dialects Recorded by the Chinese Fang Zhi, p. 194), this "fat hoof", that is, "hoof".
Example (2) of "white pork", "煠" sound with "gate", Shanghai and Zhejiang popular this way of eating, is to boil the meat white and then dip into the ingredients to eat, Beijing dialect called "white boiled meat" "white chopped chicken" and so on.
Another example (2) "four bowls of mouth summer rice", "mouth summer rice" is also used as "next rice", referring to dishes, used as nouns. Present-day Xiangshan, Yinxian, Xiaoshan, and Xinchang in Zhejiang all use the term "Kouxia Rice, Xia Rice" as the noun (Compilation of Dialects Recorded by the Chinese Fang Zhi, 85 pages, 402 pages, 417 pages, 267 pages). "Mengliang Record", vol. 16, page 143 (series of books): "Fake cow jelly and fake donkey incident", "Food such as meat and fake duck, and two-color hot bones in the next rice", "Bad crabs, roasted meat hooves". It can be seen that Hangzhou has always had the use of "next meal" as a noun. This noun usage is different from the adjective usage and verb usage of some dialects.
6. Pillar and stone (that is, shooting, one is the intention of slapping, the other is the intention of dividing)
The book "Golden Plum Bottle" is used a lot of "fencing and stone fencing", what does it mean? All three need to be explained.
(1) The thief is bald" "Just a random drum can't stop, just care about the drumming, laughing into a piece." The queen mother cried out, Master, the paper horse has also been burned, and it is still only a whiplash? (Eight times under 12 pages)
According to the example, "扌開" and "hit" are related in meaning and can be combined into words. In the example, "only one..." means "only care...". The Wu language "個、Gu" can be pronounced homophonously, such as "personal" pronounced with "Gu Ren".
(2) Ximen Gyeongdo ,...... Divide the small house to pickle the crabs and come a few. (Thirty-five times, under 13 pages)
When eating crabs, the back shell and abdomen of the crab must first be opened. Therefore, the "fight" here has nothing to do with "hitting". Instead, the meaning of the division may be the "beat" word of "water margin" twenty-seven times "take a [steamed bun] to shoot open and see".
So, why is the word "pat" written as "扌扉"? Originally, in the book "Jin Ping Mei", "Clapping Hands" is often written as "Platoon", for example:
(3) The woman choked up again, let out a loud cry, clapped her hands and cried. (Thirty-six times under 11 pages)
(4) (Haiyan) disciples sing in a row, "" (forty-nine times, bottom 5 pages)
According to the press, "row hand" means "clapping hand", "beat" can be used as "row", and "row, stone" and "row" are close, so "beat" is also written as "clap, stone".
(5) You only care about how long it takes for shi fencing to hit. (Eight times on page 12)
Press, "stone door beating" is "stone door beating", which is close to the shape. This use case of "stone beating" and other "stone fighting, fighting with the door, drying the door, and fighting the door" belong to the word for the slap, which may be derived from the meaning of the beating. "Shoot (扌扉)" is used as the meaning of split opening, which is not common, but it is used a lot in "Golden Plum Bottle". For example:
(6) On the kang. (Seventy-eight times on page 4)
Pressed, "back up" means lying on your back and separating your legs. The "History of embroidered tatami" written by Lu Tiancheng, a native of Yuyao, Zhejiang, uses the language of "shooting, patting open". The Chronicle of Dinghai County is written as "Foot Hair", marked as ㄆㄚ (the introducer presses, using Zhuyin letters, it is impossible to mark the Wu language into the sound), and the note is "Two Strands unfolding the Foot Foot" (Compilation of Dialects Recorded by the Chinese Fang Zhi, Vol. VII, p. 192). Zhejiang Fuyang dialect also says "shoot" (Comrade Shi Guangan informed). The sub-use of "shooting" is also popular in Yiwu, Jinhua, Wuyi, Wenling, Wenzhou and other places in Zhejiang. Shanghainese also has the saying of "foot patting open" (yuan bin, chen gang informed). It can be seen that "shooting (扌扉, Stone Title)" is mainly wu language in Zhejiang.
3. Examples of other dialect area terms
The so-called other dialect areas refer to dialect areas other than Wu, such as Xiang, Chinese, Cantonese, Min, Hakka, Guan, etc. Now take the words "tangke, backwardness, tomb son, walking hundreds of sick children, Shao Dao" as an example to illustrate the following:
1. Courtesan (refers to married female guests)
(1) When the guests arrive, they play the gong and drum to greet them. (Seventy-eight times, under 27 pages)
(2) Yue Niangju ordered Yu Lou to send a filial piety skirt to the waist, and sat with the parish guests in the back. (Eighty times under 5 pages)
According to this, the "Tangke" in Wuhan dialect refers to married women in general (Zhu Jiansong and Liu Xingce, "Wuhan Dialect Vocabulary", "Relatives", Dialects, No. 2, 1981, p. 157). Nowadays, "Tangke" in Hunan dialect also refers to married women in general (Comrade Wang Xian informed). Jiangxi Fengcheng dialect and Shangrao dialect also say "tangke". And Shandong dialect does not speak to the guests.
2. Backward (i.e., later); Yan (i.e., late)
(1) Every day, Wuhan University only leaves early and returns early, and closes its doors when it comes home. The woman was angry and died, and she had a few fights with him. After being left behind, the woman went to collect the curtains and closed the door when Mo Wuda returned. (2 times on 4 pages)
(2) Don't want to fall behind, Daddy cleans his hands to the back and sees the powder head and a barbarian eating wine"(Twenty-one times, bottom 6 pages)
According to the above example, "backward" is the meaning of later. "Backward" is used a lot in the book "Jin Ping Mei". Today, Nanchang dialect still says "backward" (Comrade Xiong Zhenghui informed). Sichuan Fengjie dialect also says "backward" (Peng Pan, "Classification Vocabulary of Sichuan Fengjie Dialect", Dialects and Mandarin Collection, vol. 7, p. 58).
Another example (1) of "early return" means late out and early return. "Yan" is a spoken Wu language, such as "Yi ZhaoYan will come (he will come sooner or later)" and so on. The dialect of present-day Nanchang also says "Yan" (informed by Comrade Yao Zhenwu).
3. The tomb gives birth to a son (that is, a widow)
It is said that Ximen Qing's official, the head of the lady, gave birth to a tomb son. At the same time as the old man, he lost his breath and gave birth to a son. (Seventy-nine times under 23 pages)
According to the press, "tomb son" is the widow. Hebei Cheng'an dialect also says "tomb birth": "The wife is pregnant and dies, and the birth of her son is known as the tomb birth" ("Compilation of Dialects Recorded by the Chinese Fang Zhi", part V, p. 235).Cheng'an County is close to Henan Province, and there is a saying that "tomb born son" is near present-day Yujia County, Henan (Comrade He Wei informed)
4. Walking hundreds of sick children (that is, lantern festival women's supper)
(1) There is no need for a palanquin, and every time the companion goes to the sick child, he will go home. (Forty-five times under 5 pages)
(2) My mother left me, and in the evening she also went with the women to Grandma's house with hundreds of sick children. (Forty-five times under 8 pages)
According to the press, "walking a hundred sick children" is the custom of women's night walking on the Lantern Festival. This custom and saying exist in Beijing, Shandong and other places. Ming Liu Tong and Yu Yizheng co-authored "Imperial Scenery and Material Strategy" 58 pages (Beijing Ancient Books Publishing House) said: Lantern Festival "women lead the night to eliminate diseases, know to walk a hundred diseases, but also know to walk the bridge." Ming Xie Zhaochun's Five Miscellaneous Tricks, vol. II, 30 pp. (Zhonghua Bookstore. The same below): "Most of the Qilu people visit the temple on the sixteenth day of the first month, which is called 'walking a hundred diseases'. It can be seen that Beijing and Shandong have the custom of "walking a hundred diseases". The same page of Xie's book also mentions that in the yuandeng city in central Fujian, there is also a custom of "turning three bridges". The saying "turn three bridges" is similar to that of "walking bridges".
5. Shao Dao (i.e. Luo Instigation, Nagging)
(1) Yulou Dao, I only say that he is a child in June. Jin Lian said, this time even you have a knife. (Thirty times under 8 pages)
(2) Ximen Qingdao, strange dog talent, Teshao knife. (Thirty-five times under 17 pages)
According to the example, "Shao Dao" in the example is the meaning of Luo instigation and nagging, and there is also this saying in the spoken language of Subei Bao (comrade Liu Jian informed).
In Example (2), "Te Shao Dao" means Tai Luo instigation, and "Te" is a spoken Wu language, yin into. The Wu spoken language only says "Te", not "Tai".
"Golden Bottle Plum Slang Difficult To Explain"
Summarizing the above three parts, it is an attempt to show that the language of "Jin Ping Mei" is based on the northern dialect and absorbs other dialects, of which the Wu dialect, especially the Zhejiang Wu dialect, is more concentrated. We might as well call it a mixture of North and South.
We know that as a mandarin, a common language, people can learn it orally and imitate it from both spoken and written. As a word peculiar to a certain dialect, it is impossible to be as well known as the official dialect. Therefore, only those dialect languages that unconsciously reveal special and distinguishing characteristics will give us a clue to the anonymous author of "Jin Ping Mei". Of course, the language background provides only one aspect, and it also needs to be cross-referenced with other relevant descriptions in the book. This is unknown.
This article was published with the author's permission, and the original text was published in The Chinese Chinese Wen, No. 4, 1985.