The royal family has a fire for heating, and we ordinary people also have a hot kang. Hot Kang some people in the city have, so that the small Kang stove to kang hot, the countryside almost can not leave the family have, so that the wood stove to burn kang hot, Mentougou, Fangshan and other places, there are Kang people more, so that the stove to burn kang hot.
The operating principle of the hot kang is actually similar, and the specific methods are different.
The city is a bit difficult to burn hot kang, some people have kang, generally there are old people who need to sleep hot kang "burn waist", relieve waist and leg pain. There are fire channels in the kang cavity of the hot kang, which are arranged on both sides of the middle furnace road, and like the hot kang fire road in the countryside, it is also like a labyrinth. The furnace is opened in the center of the face in front of the kang, and an "alley" reaches the root of the wall. The crossing is one foot two or three square, and the kang furnace enters the kang from here.
This kind of stove has to be custom-made with black and white iron, and a "short and fat mound" is made of tinplate (tin-plated iron), which is the furnace cavity. This furnace is uneasy and the hearth plate has no legs, but it is equipped with four small iron rudders. When using it, first put the stove outside the house, wait for the fire to be strong, then move into the house and follow the furnace. There are special iron bars used to push and pull the kang furnace, change the position, so that the kang body can be evenly heated, which comes in handy by the small iron rudder.
The "short and fat pier" is very suitable for the limited space in the furnace, and can maximize the loading of coal, and the firepower is quite large. But the disadvantage is that the cost is also quite high, if the black and white days are running, then the coal can use the "sea". In addition, we have to be extra careful, the fire is tired and quickly add coal outside, this kind of kang has no external smoke tube, and it is troublesome to be smoked by the gas, which is far less economical and safe than the rural people's kang.
As the saying goes, a cow in thirty acres of land, a hot kang head for wife and children, and hot kang are all linked to a well-off life.
This hot kang has a history, and there is such a folk song: "Say what you say, the pot table is connected to the pot; what is sung, the pot table is connected to the kang." "The pot table refers to the stove, saying that a stove is connected to both the pot and the kang, making rice and burning the kang, making full use of the heat energy of the fuel, which is mysterious.
The outhouse of the main house of the farmhouse, that is, the hall house, often has a pot table on the left and right walls. The pot table is more than one foot high, there are three feet square, there is a large chai pot lying on the table, and there is a half-foot square hole in the wall behind the stove under the pot, commonly known as "throat throat eyes", leading to the back room, that is, the kang hole of the living room. When cooking, a considerable part of the smoke in the stove drills into the "throat throat eye" and pours into the kang cave to open the kang warm house mode.
Kangdong is actually a curved bend with an adobe fortress and a labyrinth of fireworks, the smoke and fire flow inside seven turns and eight turns a enough, turn to the kang tail, the heat just dissipated, or are absorbed by the adobe and the large bricks that cover the "labyrinth", which is from the flue inside the wall out of the house.
The adobe and square tiles are slow to heat up and radiate, which effectively extends the heating time in the house. The heat of the adobe is the heat of the square bricks, the heat of the square bricks is the heat of the kang, and the heat of the kang is the heat of the house. Isn't this the principle of heat transfer and thermal radiation?
Most of the kang in the countryside is connected to the left and right walls, and a kang occupies half of the room. The kang noodles of the large square bricks, the whole collar kang mat, and the edge of the ailanthus wood kang are more and more shiny the more they are rubbed. Kang burned thoroughly, the house was warm in winter and winter, the Kang table was swinging, taking off the shoes on the Kang, lala homely words, doing needlework, practicing brush writing, closing the flow account, listening to the headphones, singing the lotus flowers, fighting and fighting shuttles, playing mahjong cards, playing the manger, playing the flower slap, please invite visitors, drink and drink old white dry. All of this is on the kang. A big kang, why not just eat and sleep? If nothing else, kang on the hot! This well-off day is really inseparable from the hot kangtou.
Cooking on fire, boiling water to wash shabu, all day long, the stove is constantly on fire, the inside and outside houses are warm - some in the countryside are firewood. When I got to Mentougou and Fangshan, there was coal, guarding the eight major coal mines in western Beijing and countless small coal kilns, making the coal too convenient, the coal gangue piled up and rake coal blocks, the coal drive road swept coal ash, and the money was spent. So the "ground furnace burning kang" came into being.
I know the ins and outs of this too clearly, after work, my home is installed in Mentougou, where the stove is an "underground worker", only a furnace mouth is exposed on the ground, and a groove is recessed into the kang wall opposite the furnace mouth, and the whole brick in the trough covers the special fire outlet of the ground stove. Pull open the brick, the fire will jump out into the kang fire channel, and start the kang mode; the brick is the valve, which can regulate the size of the fire into the kang fire channel. The fire road is also like a labyrinth, but it is mostly made of stones, and most of the kang noodles are paved with thick stone slabs, and there are many stones in our mountainous areas.
The earth stove can not be "eaten without pulling", there must be a pit, and the ash that comes down is directly in the pit. The mouth of the pit is three feet square, the pit is deep, and there are several thick wooden planks on the top. When digging up the ashes of the furnace, two pit plates were lifted, and people had to lie on their stomachs and half kneel to barely reach it, and they were also gray-headed. About once a month to pluck the ash, choke back, and be a "land". However, that is also a hundred times stronger than making a briquette stove: do not occupy the house, do not have to move the nest, do not spend chopping wood, and are dissatisfied with the smoke in the house - the most important thing is that the briquette stove can not be hot! Make the stove, save trouble and worry, the family sleeps comfortably, suffer a little tired and eat a little bitter, what is it? value!
Photo courtesy of Visual China
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