"Tiger General of the Red Army" Kuang Jixun

"Tiger General of the Red Army" Kuang Jixun

Xia Shukuo

The historical Pengxi Uprising in Sichuan, the Huoqiu Defense War in Anhui, and the Battle of Sanba in Sichuan-Shaanxi were not directly related, because these three events had a common protagonist: Kuang Jixun, a famous senior commander in the early days of our Party, a legendary revolutionary general, and the first commander of the Red 25th Army.

Born in 1895 in Sinan County, Guizhou Province, Kuang Jixun entered Sichuan at the age of 16 to join the anti-Qing Baolu Comrades Army, and later joined the Sichuan Army, because of his resourcefulness and bravery, good at strategy, in just a few years from an ordinary soldier to platoon commander, company commander, battalion commander, regiment commander. Influenced by the "Guide," the first publicly available central organ founded by the Communist Party of China, he initiated the establishment of the "Sichuan Branch of the Chinese Revolutionary Young Soldiers' Federation", secretly joined the Communist Party of China at the age of 31, and established and strengthened the party's organization. In the summer of 1928, at the age of 33, Kuang Jixun became the acting brigade commander of the 7th Mixed Brigade of the Shangchuan Army.

For the cause of the Communist Party of China and the founding of New China, Kuang Jixun's three-time feat of "leading more than 3,000 people" can be sung and wept: many great people are ashamed to confess, and countless lofty people are clumsy in words-

Led more than 3,000 people to revolt to establish the first county-level soviet in Sichuan

After the defeat of the August 1 Nanchang Uprising, the Kuomintang severely suppressed the Communists and their armed forces, and Sichuan, like the rest of the country, was in a state of white terror.

On the afternoon of June 29, 1929, Kuang Jixun, acting brigade commander of the 7th Mixed Brigade of the Sichuan Army, led more than 3,000 officers and men of the whole brigade to raise the banner of "The First Route Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in Sichuan" in Niujiaogou, Dashiqiao Township, Pengxi County, and declared an uprising, with Kuang Jixun as the commander-in-chief. He organized his troops into 2 divisions and 8 regiments, and on the same night, the troops attacked the county town of Pengxi in two ways, the south gate and the west gate, and fought fiercely with the defending troops for 4 hours. Immediately after the rebel army captured the county seat, it confiscated the great seal of the county government, burned the grain book of the expropriation bureau, released the detainees, established the "Pengxi County Soviet Government," and posted a notice in the name of the "Sichuan Workers' and Peasants' Red Army Revolutionary Committee." This was the first county-level Soviet government to emerge in Sichuan. The rebels also held a lecture at Pengxi Middle School on the same day to publicize the revolution. The rebel troops successively moved to Xichong, Yingshan, Quxian, Daxian, and Liangshan, and everywhere they went, they beat up local tycoons, divided up the fields, and established political power, which was well received by the workers and peasants. On July 30 of the same year, when arriving at the dangerous terrain of Mao'er Village in Tiger Town, Liangshan County, there was a blockade in the front and a pursuit of soldiers in the rear, and the uprising was defeated. The provincial party committee then sent Kuang Jixun to Shanghai.

The "Pengxi Uprising" and the creation of the Pengxi County Soviet Government were like seeing the dawn in the darkness, which greatly stimulated and inspired the revolutionary fighting spirit of the comrades and progressives of the Sichuan underground party. After that, underground party organizations were established one after another in various parts of Sichuan, the tide of students and workers surged up, the armed struggle rose one after another, and the revolutionary forces continued to grow. Many party history experts said that the "Pengxi Uprising" was of landmark significance in the history of the Sichuan revolution.

He led more than 3,000 people to participate in the fierce defense of Huoqiu in danger

After Kuang Jixun arrived in Shanghai, he was mainly responsible for the security work of the leading organs of the Party Central Committee; at the same time, he plotted against a large number of Kuomintang troops and effectively developed the excellent situation in the Honghu area and the strength of the Red Army, with remarkable results. In the spring of 1930, Kuang Jixun was appointed commander of the Red Sixth Army, and he connected the base areas of Honghu Lake, Xiang'ebian, and Northwest Hubei. In November 1930, he was dispatched by the Party Central Committee to work in the revolutionary base area of Eyu and Anhui. This period was a brilliant period in Comrade Kuang Jixun's military career, and he directly participated in and led the first, second, and third anti-"encirclement and suppression" battles, creating many classic examples such as the Battle of Sujiabu.

In the autumn of 1931, Kuang Jixun was arranged by the party organization to form the Red Twenty-fifth Army in western Anhui, and because he went deep into the grassroots and actively mobilized the masses, the formation was very successful. In October, the Red Twenty-fifth Army was finally established in Mafu County, and Kuang Jixun was appointed as the commander of the army. On May 12, 1932, the Red 25th Army marched north along the Huai River, captured Zhengyang Pass, a major town on the south bank of the Huai River, and captured Huoqiu in mid-May. The Red Twenty-fifth Army originally did not intend to persist in Huoqiu for a long time, at this time the main force of the Red Twenty-fifth Army was not in Huoqiu, and the defending troops were more than 3,000 people in the Red Twenty-fifth Army, the Teaching Regiment and the Huoqiu Independent Regiment, and it was difficult to hold the city in the face of the enemy's superior strength several times that of the Red Army. However, Zhang Guotao, regardless of the situation in which the enemy was strong and we were weak, gave the instruction that the Red Twenty-fifth Army should "firmly hold huoqiu city and open up a new situation in the struggle in the Eyu-Anhui base area." Kuang Jixun, then commander of the Red Twenty-fifth Army, had no choice but to continue to hold on to Huoqiu City, quickly organizing the old and young people in the city and the non-combatants of the county party committee and county Soviet organs to evacuate the county town, and the Red Army and Red Guards in the city built fortifications along the city wall and prepared to hold out for help. On July 6, more than 30,000 Kuomintang troops, with the cooperation of aircraft and artillery, invaded Huoqiu City. On 7 July, the enemy encircled the county seat on three sides: north, south, and east, and launched an offensive. The troops in the city, under the command of Kuang Jixun, fought fiercely with the enemy for several days, but the enemy did not succeed. On July 12, the enemy army launched a general attack on Huoqiu City with the cooperation of aircraft and artillery, and the city ran out of ammunition, Kuang Jixun led his troops to fight bravely and was seriously wounded, and then led a few people to break through from the west gate. On the afternoon of the 12th, the enemy army entered the city from the northeast city wall, occupied the northwest corner of the city wall turret, sealed the west gate with machine guns, and besieged it from the east, south and north. The defending troops fought fiercely with the enemy in the street, and more than 1,000 commanders and fighters of the Red Twenty-fifth Army Headquarters, the Teaching Regiment, and the County Independent Regiment, as well as more than 1,000 commanders and fighters of the county party committee organs and the county Red Guard Brigade, were killed. On the afternoon of 12 July, the enemy occupied the city of Huoqiu, and in addition to the breakthrough and dispersion, more than 1,000 county Red Guards, Soviet workers, and victims were captured. The enemy identified 43 of them and escorted them to Nanjing and Suzhou for interrogation and detention in the name of the commanders and fighters of the Red Twenty-fifth Army and the heads of the Soviet government.

In the Huoqiu Defense War, the Red Twenty-fifth Army, the Teaching Regiment, and the Huoqiu Independent Regiment resisted the Kuomintang troops 10 times their own with a strength of more than 3,000 troops. The Red Twenty-fifth Army, the Teaching Regiment and the Huoqiu Independent Regiment were heroic and tenacious, and their spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice will forever be recorded in history.

He led more than 3,000 people to be brutally killed after the "Battle of Kongsanba"

The failure of huoqiu's defense war meant that it failed to crush the kuomintang's fourth "encirclement and suppression", and the main force of the Red Fourth Front was forced to carry out a strategic shift. On the way to the western expedition to Sichuan and Shaanxi, Kuang Jixun and others waged a resolute struggle against Zhang Guotao's erroneous leadership and warlordistic style, forcing Zhang Guotao to convene a meeting of cadres at and above the division level. At the meeting, Zhang Guotao pretended to accept the criticism put forward by Kuang Jixun and others, but secretly held a grudge in his heart and waited for an opportunity to persecute Kuang Jixun and others. On December 29, 1932, the Red Fourth Front liberated Tongjiang and established the Provisional Revolutionary Committee of Sichuan and Shaanxi Province, with Kuang Jixun as its chairman. He actively prepared for the establishment of a workers' and peasants' government, mobilized the masses to beat up local tycoons and divide up the land, and carried out fruitful work. On May 17, 1933, out of strategic considerations, the Red Fourth Front withdrew the main force of the Red Army to the southwest area of Sanba on the border of Sichuan and Shaanxi, thus breaking out the "Battle of Empty Sanba", in which Kuang Jixun personally led more than 3,000 officers and men to fight in the vanguard, and the Red Army won a complete victory, and its contribution was indispensable, and it was known as the "Tiger General of the Red Army". In order to divide and disintegrate the enemy and establish united front relations, he wrote a letter to his friend Xie Dekan, who was a brigade commander in the warlord's army, hoping to enlighten them to support the Red Army and fight for an uprising. When Zhang Guotao discovered the letter, he arrested Kuang Jixun on charges of "Kuomintang reorganization faction" and "rightist faction", and in June 1933 he was secretly executed in Hongkouchang, Tongjiang County, at the age of 36. In 1937, when criticizing Zhang Guotao's erroneous line in Yan'an, Chairman Mao pointed out: "Comrade Kuang Jixun is a good comrade, who was wrongly persecuted by Zhang Guotao and should be treated as a martyr. "The Central Committee posthumously recognized Kuang Jixun as a martyr.

The author once served in Eyuwan for the 19th anniversary, as a Huoqiu person in Anhui, I can't help but tell people countless times about Kuang Jixun, about the Pengxi Uprising, about the Huoqiu Defense War, about the Battle of Sichuan and Shaanxi Andang Sanba... Although Kuang Jixun has only worked for the party for a short period of 5 years, his merits are outstanding! Pengxi, Huoqiu, and Sichuan and Shaanxi admired him incomparably, and the fathers and fellow villagers of Eyuwan and Shaanxi Guichuan will always miss him, and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country will always remember him. In 2009, on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Kuang Jixun was named "100 Heroic And Exemplary Figures who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China".

Ushering in the centenary of the founding of the party, the heroes are immortal!

【About the author】Xia Shukuo, male, is a member of the Chinese Poetry Society, a member of the Anhui and Henan Provincial Writers Association, a member of the Anhui Provincial Prose essay Society, and a director of the Lu'an Writers Association. Bachelor of first degree, Master of Philosophy, member of Anhui Province Interview Expert Database. He has won the "Five One Project Award" of the Central Propaganda Department, the first prize of the "China Youth Daily" essay contest and the second prize of the "Star" poetry journal.