In the far west, there is the sea, between Europa, Asia Minor, and Afrika, and its southeast is only a few hundred miles away from the Red Sea, and it is now connected by the Suez Canal, which is very convenient for all countries. There are continents in the world that are connected by the isthmus of the two, Panama also, Suez also. In terms of the situation, Suez is on top.
Egypt, the ancient kingdom also, five thousand years ago there were dynasties thirty-one, built pyramids, and its king was called Pharaoh. It was later based on Arabs and assimilated. The countries of Europa flourished, stronger than industrialization, shorter than goods, and desired the golden land of the East. When the West comes to the sea, he will first go around the west of Afrikaga and restore himself to the east of the Cape of Good Hope. Its journey is very far, its wealth is very expensive, and in the face of wind and waves, there are many drowning deaths.
English and French followed, preceded by Portuguese and Spanish voyages, and the Netherlands had the "coachman of the sea". France had Napoleon, from Corsica, who counterattacked as a general. In the first year of qing jiaqing (1796), the wise people said: "I heard that Egypt has the Isthmus of Suez, through the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea, if I chisel it, then the Indian Ocean is for me, and its benefits are very great!" Nashi smiled and said, "Sima Qin mistakenly discussed cutting shu, and the ministers scratched it, and now I will leave my name in the bamboo of France for Sima Wrong!" "Nashi drove his troops and fought against them [egypt]. After unfavorable, withdraw. Nashi went to Egypt, and in two months he paid four million gold (more than 4 million francs), and the Egyptian treasury was empty, and he still owed more than ten million, which was a year's reserve in Egypt.
The government of Egypt gradually became owned by Ali, initially the governor, and still respected Ottoman Turkey. However, France still coveted Suez and must be chiseled. Corporations gathered to draw their topography (to discuss the technical matters of canal excavation). The English heard of it, and also wanted to conspire with Suez to build a railway to red sea. Ali moulded: "If a railway is built, it will be owned only by England." If a canal is built, its benefits will be divided among the countries of Europe, and it will be more beneficial than that of Egypt. "Nai Xu legal person.
In the fourth year of The Qing Dynasty (1854), the French grand master (great merchant) Lesips had a young friendship with the new Egyptian governor Said, so he took the right to the canal. In the second year, Said let Egypt benefit France. It was said: "The land needed by the canal company can be taken from egypt, and the people who open the river are from Egypt." Since the passage of the canal, the company has enjoyed its profits for ninety-nine years, and it is only after it can be returned to Egypt. The proceeds from the operation of the canal are one hundred and seventy-five legal persons and one hundred and fifteen (15%) in Egypt. Sometimes it is difficult (criticism) that "a legal person wants to destroy our country!" Take my place? This French colony also! ”
Nevertheless, by the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), the canal was built, ten years later, and was three hundred and thirty-two miles (166 km) long. At that time, Egypt had 1.9 million mouths, and there were hundreds of thousands of canal diggers. Suez was in a place of extreme sand, drought, no rain, 120,000 people died of disease, and the corpses gathered on the riverbank, tired and damaged, and their relatives wept for the heavens. Egypt costs 40,000 (420 million francs), while Europa costs only 10,000 (112 million francs).
The rise of the canal is of great benefit to the countries of Europe. Counting the sea route between Marseille and Mumbai, it can save thousands of miles, and Europa's colonization of Asia has greatly reduced the cost. Although the canal is golden every day, it is not in line with Egypt. At the beginning of the discussion of the benefits of the hundred and fifteen, the Egyptian government resold the company, and the time said: "I am waiting for the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Zhou Lang is not it? After exhausting Jiangdong's money and grain, Nan County was actually obtained by Liu Bei! "After the Eastern Wu regained the Southern County, Egypt could only sit back and watch the canal profit from Britain and France. It means that the richer the canal, the poorer Egypt.
And since World War II, The English have worried about the Italian colonization of Ethiopia and the alliance with Egypt. "The English have the right to oversee Egypt, and the British army can withdraw from Egypt, but the canal land can have tens of thousands of troops, and its pilots can be four hundred." Later, the Germans wanted to bomb the canal, which was blocked by the British. The British said of Egypt: "Not me, the public is in danger!" "The Egyptians dare not be angry.
After World War II, Britain and France declined, and in 1951, Egypt abolished the Pre-Covenant. The following year, the Egyptian hero Nasser came to power, unhappy, or asked, but sighed: "Egypt can exist in the world, and so can the canal." Now our country does not receive half of the river profits, but to build a shop of ten thousand gold, the land I out of, the people I out of, and its profits all go to others, how can it be so! Five years later, When Nashya took the canal into state ownership, Britain and France were furious, saying: "Although the canal is in Egypt, its profit and power are mine!" What a boy Egypt, dare Nair! "Britain and France conspired to attack Egypt in the name of the United Nations. Britain and France were furious and sent their own troops to attack Egypt. Israel had always been the enemy of Egypt, that is, it joined forces with the British and French soldiers and attacked it together.
At that time, Egypt was large (about 1 million square kilometers), poor, incompetent and at war. Although Britain and France were still called small and strong, Israel was good at fighting. In the war, the Israeli army took 60,000 miles east of the canal (the Sinai Peninsula covered an area of about 61,000 square kilometers), and the British and French air forces bombed cairo, the capital of Egypt, and the large towns of Alexandria and Port Said, and the fire filled the sky. Egypt was at odds with the war, but there were no retreaters, and they all said: "The strong die, the old and the young succeed; the male dies, the female succeeds!" The canal is not collected, and although Egypt is a country, it is still dead. ”
At the time, the United States and the Soviet Union were strong, and they knew that the Suez Canal was extremely heavy and did not want to gain for Britain, France, and Israel. The United States and the Soviet Union wrote to Israel, "Do you want to rely on Israel to resist the great powers?" Life or death is a matter of choice. "Reply to the Book of England and France," the two princes are belligerent, and our two countries are willing to fight with them." "England, France, and great fear are the strikers." The benefits of the canal are no longer British and French private instruments. After Israel fought with Egypt, the canal was restored to a battlefield. Later, the canal was owned by Egypt, and all the ships in the world could pass, even israel.
Text: Ginger Wolf, Picture: Map Ji.