Written by Zhao Libo
Introduction: As the most important military general wei Qing in the early days of Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty, he came from a humble origin, by what did he rise rapidly, and thus became the one with the greatest achievements in the conquest of the Xiongnu? When the historical storm swept through the unknown past; when the long river only left the sound of the waves, posterity could only hear a series of sighs through the vast history books.
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At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the northern nomadic Xiongnu took advantage of the chaos in the Central Plains and invaded the south. In the early years of the Han Dynasty, due to the lack of strength, the "Siege of Baideng" occurred, and Liu Bang was almost caught by the Xiongnu, and the Han Dynasty fully compromised with the Xiongnu. In 141 BC, the 16-year-old Liu Che took the throne, at this time the Han Dynasty ushered in 60 or 70 years of recuperation and national strength was very full. "Han Xing, for more than seventy years, the country has nothing to do, unless it is a flood or drought disaster, the people give enough to the family, and the warehouses are full, and the surplus goods of the government treasury, the money of the Beijing division, are hundreds of thousands, decayed and unschoolable; the millet of Taicang, Chen Chen Xiangyin, overflowing with dew, is full of dew, to corruption and inedible. There are horses in the streets, and there are flocks of strangers. In addition to the significant improvement of the comprehensive national strength seventy years after the founding of the country, the enterprising spirit of the young emperor painted the empire with a masculine and robust youthful color.
Film and television image of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty
First, Wei Qing himself sighed, "In the life of a human slave, it is enough not to be scolded, and it is enough to be a marquis!" How did he counterattack and become a great general who swept through the Xiongnu with such a low degree of planning?
Wei Qing, the word Zhongqing. He was the lowest-ranking, earliest successful, most accomplished, and highest knighthood among the three generals of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. He once defeated the Xiongnu in the north of the desert with seven battles and seven victories, relieving the greatest threat of serious border troubles in the north since the Western Han Dynasty. And how Wei Qing became a great general from a humble origin, even when he was very unconfident, and achieved great results step by step, in his later years, he adhered to the way of being a general and a subject, and achieved a perfect friendship with Emperor Wu of Han.
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Wei Qing is the illegitimate son of the daughter of the family in Pingyang, who was brought home by his adoptive father Zheng Ji to let him herd sheep after he was a teenager, this miserable experience made Wei Qing's personality appear particularly inferior, and at the same time cultivated his hard-working and resolute character. Since then, the young general's growth has benefited from two women, one is the Princess of Pingyang, "riding for the Hou family, from the Lord of Pingyang." The other was his sister Wei Zifu. Under the operation of Princess Pingyang, her sister Wei Zifu was favored by Emperor Wu of Han, so Wei Qing also entered the palace with him to "build a camp for things", thus Wei Qing changed his previously low-planned life. Even after entering the palace, Wei Qing still lacked self-confidence, and this natural inferiority was not unrelated to his origin.
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One by one, he said to him, "Noble people, officials and marquises." Wei Qing laughed and said, "In the life of a human slave, it is enough not to be scolded, and it is enough to seal the Marquis of An!" For this reason, the Qing Dynasty historian Zhao Yi gave great contempt to the three great generals promoted by Emperor Wu in his book, believing that "the three great generals of Han Wu (Wei Qing, Huo Zhiyi, and Li Guangli) were all born out of obscenity, or as slaves, or as advocates, and in vain to be favored, and later became grand dukes, and this reason is incomprehensible in the name." As a qing dynasty scholar, Zhao Yi's view seems to imply the Manchu Qing, and it also shows that he failed to pay attention to the emergence of Wei Qing and others from the perspective of history. In essence, this reflects the eclectic employment of Emperor Wu of Han, regardless of the atmospheric style of origin, and thus became the most brilliant and magnificent poem in Emperor Wu's life. From the Battle of Mayi in the second year of Yuanguang to the launch of the last Expedition of Yanran Mountain in the third year, in the past forty years, Emperor Wu has devoted all his strength to launching fifteen expeditions against the Xiongnu, which is very rare in the world's military history. In particular, with the bold cultivation and use of Wei Qing, it made a good start, so it also achieved Wei Qing's road to the marquis.
Second, Wei Qing won the first battle, and the greater the military merit, the more apologetic the people became, and the actual action was interpreted as the way of the subject.
Before Wei Qingbai, Han and xiongnu had fought several times, but none of them were victorious, and one of the most critical reasons was the lack of generals. In the fifth year of Yuan Guang (129 BC), Emperor Wu of Han, after careful preparations, sent Four people, Li Guang, Gongsun He, Gongsun Ao, and Wei Qing, to worship the generals on the same day, and each led ten thousand horses to attack the Xiongnu. Emperor Wu of Han was cautious about Wei Qing's visit to the general, a decision made from the perspective of the entire war situation, and a decision he made after ten years of observation and training. This expedition was attacked under the same conditions, which showed that Emperor Wu did not have a bottom in mind about who was the handsome talent, and was finally selected by the battle record through actual combat, which can be described as a large-scale selection art. In the end, Li Guang's entire army was destroyed and fled back alone, Gongsun Ao lost seven thousand horses, and returned with a big defeat, gongsun He did not encounter an enemy, and returned without success.
Huns
Only Wei Qing killed the Dragon City, killed seven hundred enemies, and returned triumphantly, which was already a great relief for Emperor Wu of Han, who had long been troubled by the Xiongnu, so he "gave Wei Qing the title of Marquis of Guannei". Three years later, the Xiongnu Right Sage King invaded on a large scale, and Wei Qing led an army to defeat the Right Xian King in the Hetao area with a swift night attack that could not be concealed, and achieved a great victory in history. Emperor Wu of Han was overjoyed to receive the message and sent someone to send the great general to his military camp, that is, to worship Wei Qing as a great general in the army. He also made the third son a marquis, and Wei Qing thanked him and was not accepted. After that, Wei Qing officially became the commander of the various ways of temperance, thus opening the road of the first lord. The higher the merit, the more low-key Wei Qing became, and even reported to Emperor Wu of Han for the disposal of his subordinates, avoiding the arrogance of "not being spared the orders of foreign kings". After dealing with the responsibility for the defeat of his subordinates Su Jian, many people suggested that he be beheaded, so as to establish Wei Qing's absolute prestige. Wei Qing, however, believed that "a general should not be killed for establishing his own prestige, even if Su Jian is beheaded, he must also ask the Son of Heaven to rule, how can a person who is a subject of his own death be killed outside the country without authorization?" Since then, his subordinates have become more and more in awe of it. Writing here, I think of Yuan Chonghuan in the Ming Dynasty, and regardless of his right and wrong with Mao Wenlong, he did not know that he would chongzhen emperor by killing Mao Wenlong without authorization, thus laying the foreshadowing of the defeat and trespassing.
Han Army
Like a series of magnificent waves, although he became a great general and controlled all the generals, the water surface of Wei's life was green but more and more cautious and calm. In his lifetime, he never formed a party, let alone raised a soldier, believing that as long as he did a good job of honoring his subordinates and performing their duties, as long as he "gave strict orders for the generals, was kind to the generals, was generous and courteous to his colleagues, and was extremely popular and subordinate, but did not establish private authority", he could not fall down the dangerous road like a highly difficult foot stepping on a tightrope. Wei Qing, as the first general of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in addition to his military achievements, under his influence, gradually stepped out of Huo's disease and other generals, and comprehensively reversed the active situation of fighting against the Xiongnu. From the age of twenty-five, this young man led the army for the first time to defend the Young Guard and love the soldiers, sharing weal and woe, and finally in the Battle of The North of the Desert, he conquered thousands of miles, swept through the desert, and vomited the suffocating breath of the Han for nearly a hundred years.
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According to the historical records: "Qingren, Xishi gave in. Throughout his life, Emperor Wu of Han was particularly fond of him, and Wei Qing also did a good job of being a subject and a general. It is precisely because Wei Qingwen Tao is martial, wise and courageous, strict with himself, and has made outstanding contributions to maintaining the stability and unity of the Great Han, Emperor Wu of Han, in order to express his courtesy, let him hide it on the side of the Mao Mausoleum of Emperor Wu of Han after his death, and his tomb is very similar to lushan in xiongnu territory, symbolizing his outstanding military achievements and high wind and bright festival during his lifetime.