When the Southern Song Dynasty fought against Mongolia, there were two opportunities to overturn the market, why did not grasp it once

The Southern Song Dynasty was eventually destroyed by the Mongols.

But in fact, the Southern Song Dynasty is not without the opportunity to flip, it has the ability and opportunity to flip, unfortunately, the Southern Song Dynasty did not have the guts, nor did it have the insight.

After the rise of the Mongol Empire, it conquered many countries. But the real strength and foundation to compete with the Mongol Empire was the Southern Song Dynasty.

Although Hua Lazimo was a powerful country at that time, it could only be regarded as an upstart, a sudden rise, lacking in foundation and lacking sufficient civilization accumulation. Moreover, the religious and ethnic contradictions faced by Khwarazm at that time were actually very sharp, but because it relied on violence and temporarily gained the upper hand. When it really fought against Mongolia, not only was its strength inferior to Mongolia's, but the support it received was not enough, and no ordinary people were willing to defend it to the death. So in the end it was very easy for the Mongols to defeat Khwarazm.

When the Mongols attacked Europe, Europe was in the darkest period of the Middle Ages, the pope was carrying out decadent rule in Europe, the internal contradictions were also very sharp, and the whole of Europe was divided into many large and small principalities, without a unified and complete country. When the Mongol army organized the Second Western Expedition, the Mongol kings could be said to be fighting their own battles, but each of the mongol kings fought smoothly and did not encounter too much trouble.

At the time of the Mongols' Third Western Expedition, the Arab Empire in West Asia was also in decline, completely unable to confront the Mongols.

The Western Xia and Jin Kingdoms on this side of Asia are not only two countries with no foundation, but also because the three kingdoms of the Jin, Song and Xia have a long history of fighting and fighting with each other, the cost is too great. In a sense, the Jin Dynasty and the Western Xia were a state of lingering.

The Mongols fought the Western Xia five times, and each time they won. However, in order to obtain enough grain and strategic materials from the Western Xia, the Mongols did not take the Western Xia down in one go. The Mongols were constantly attacking and weakening the Jin Dynasty. There is less and less territory in jinguo and more territory in Mongolia. Unable to win the war, the Jin Dynasty continued to move its capital south in order to escape the Mongols.

At that time, the real one that could compete with Mongolia was the Southern Song Dynasty.

We now feel that the power of the Southern Song Dynasty is relatively weak, and it seems to be a small court with a partial security. But relatively speaking, the strength of the Southern Song Dynasty was not weak. When the Mongols first fought against the Southern Song Dynasty, they actually did not find an effective way. At that time, Möngke organized three large armies to fight the Southern Song Dynasty with a large siege. In fact, none of these three armies fought well.

The main army under the personal command of Meng Ge was not obvious in Sichuan. It took more than half a year to capture a small fishing city. This is because the Southern Song Dynasty had already built a solid "mountain city defense system" in Sichuan, and this mountain city defense system played an important role and caused great trouble to the Mongol army. Even if the Mongols finally destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty, when they came to Sichuan, they were still very jealous of the mountain city defense system. They did not dare to attack hard, and could only make peace with the Sichuan defenders. After Sichuan was annexed to the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongols completely destroyed all the mountain cities, which shows that they were very afraid of the mountain cities.

The Northern Route Army, commanded by Kublai Khan, did not have good results. They could not capture Xiangyang, and later moved their divisions to attack Ezhou, staying under the city of Ezhou for more than three months, and they could not defeat Ezhou all the time. Later, the troops withdrew and went back.

The Southern Route Army under the command of Wuliang Hetai, with only a small force, entered the territory of the Southern Song Dynasty from Guangxi and carried out some harassing operations in Hunan, without having a substantial impact on the Southern Song Dynasty.

It can be seen that when the Mongol army and the Southern Song army faced off head-to-head, they did not have much advantage in terms of battle results.

The Southern Song Dynasty army did not look strong, why was their resistance to blows so strong?

The reasons are manifold. One of the very important reasons is that the Southern Song Dynasty has enough background.

The middle-earth countries have lasted for thousands of years since the beginning of Yanhuang and have never been completely destroyed. Even if there was a large-scale invasion of foreign enemies such as the Wuhu Chaohua and the Khitan Annihilation of the Jin Dynasty, they had not been able to completely destroy the Middle-earth state. The Middle-earth state could establish a small court in the south, but even such a small court could continue and stand firm. This makes the Middle-earth countries, whether they are high-ranking officials and nobles, or the people of Li people, firmly believe that the Middle-earth nation will not be extinct. Whenever the country is destroyed and the family is destroyed, everyone has a strong sense of pride and action to defend the country. Even if there is only one person left in the end, this person will fight with the foreigners to the end.

It was precisely because of this that even at that time, Mongolia was extremely powerful and had conquered a large part of Eurasia. But the Middle-earth peoples never believed that the Mongols could destroy the Southern Song Dynasty. The Middle-earth nation has seen more powerful nations in the north. What Xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic, Tubo, Khitan, Jurchen, Dangxiang, etc., these powerful peoples in the north, like marquee lanterns. One moment this one becomes stronger, and the next moment the other becomes stronger. But what will always be stable is the Middle-earth nation. So when the Middle-earth people fought the Mongols, they had that confidence and that determination.

This time, however, the Middle-earth nation eventually failed and was completely destroyed by the Mongols. Why did the Middle-earth nation, which originally had a strong enough foundation, perish? Do they have a chance to turn the tables?

In fact, they also have the opportunity to turn the tables, that is, to see if they have the guts, stomach and wisdom.

The first chance to turn the tables is to rely on Jinguo.

When the Mongols continued to attack the Jin Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty had been watching the bustle from the side. At that time, the Southern Song Dynasty would give the Jin Dynasty a certain amount of money every year, that is, to give the JinGuo grain and cloth and so on. Later, when the Jin Dynasty was rubbed on the ground by the Mongols many times, and was beaten to move the capital many times, the Southern Song Dynasty broke the old coins given to the Jin Kingdom. Therefore, when the Mongols launched the first western expedition, the Jin State took advantage of this break and raised troops to retaliate against the Southern Song Dynasty.

In fact, the best way for the Southern Song Dynasty was to reconcile with the Jin Dynasty. Not only can we not break the age coin given to the Golden State, but we should even increase the age coin given to the Golden State. The Jin Dynasty resisted the Mongol attack, in fact, it was also helping the Southern Song Dynasty to block this evil tiger. The Southern Song Dynasty sent money to the Jin Dynasty, in fact, it was to pay the Jin State to help him fight the war. Moreover, the Southern Song Dynasty could completely control this balance, so that the Jin Dynasty and Mongolia formed a situation of equal strength, so that neither country could become stronger. In this way, the Southern Song Dynasty was able to ensure its own safety.

Unfortunately, the Southern Song Dynasty always regarded the Jin Kingdom as their feud, and they not only did not feel anxious about the Mongol attack on the Jin Kingdom, but also felt very happy. It was even lent to the Mongols, allowing the Mongols to cut to the rear of the JinGuo, thus breaking through the jinguo's strong defensive line. Later, together with the Mongols, they attacked the Golden Kingdom and completely erased the Golden State. When the Southern Song Dynasty completely erased the Jin Dynasty, its border defense line was directly exposed to the Mongols, facing a direct attack from the Mongols. By then, it was too late to hold back the Mongol attack.

The second chance to turn the tables is to rely on mongolian civil unrest.

After Möngke Khan was killed, Kublai Khan quickly withdrew his troops and competed with Ali Buge for the position of Great Khan. In fact, the Southern Song Dynasty should fully grasp the opportunity of this Mongolian civil unrest. For example, he joined forces with the relatively weak Ali Buge to attack Kublai Khan from north to south. You can even talk to Ali Buge about conditions, such as jointly dividing up Kublai Khan's land after defeating Kublai Khan. As long as the southern song defense line extended north to Tongguan and the Yellow River, it would not be easy for Mongolia to break through this defense line and destroy the Southern Song Dynasty.

As long as the Southern Song Dynasty can hold the defensive line and wait for turmoil within Mongolia, the Southern Song Dynasty can become bigger and stronger, and continue to stand firm.

It can be said that in history, the Southern Song Dynasty had two opportunities to turn over. But they didn't take a single chance. They did not have that kind of courage, nor did they have that kind of belly, let alone that kind of wisdom, so in the end the Southern Song Dynasty was destroyed by the Mongols, as a Middle-earth country, in the history of the Chinese nation, there was the first time to break the dynasty, which is a very pity.