In 1974, it was gray for the HPV virus,
It has gone to great lengths to make itself small enough,
It is currently the smallest DNA virus known to us
But still by German virologists
Dr. Harald Chulhausen discovered
And took a name
"Human papillomavirus"
The round head and round brain look like a small tangyuan,
The DNA of the virus is coated with a layer of protein coat,
It is "woven" of two proteins,
L1 protein and L2 protein[1].
Human papillomavirus, listening to the name is like a fierce character,
It's also a bit cunning, it never gets into the bloodstream,
Draw blood this way don't even think about finding it[2];
But it also has a big advantage: dedication!
Only love to hook up with epithelial cells, the skin is its hotbed,
Maybe it is also because of this advantage that I have hurt myself,
Discovered by good scientists.
Nowadays, HPV is already the spokesperson for "cervical cancer",
It's a household name and everyone knows it.
However, everyone's understanding of it is really one-sided,
First of all
The HPV virus is a large family of hundreds of members.
Emmmmm
Now I find more than two hundred kinds of it.
HPV is a two-faced faction of strength!
On one side is the scary carcinogenic group,
On one side is the mild non-carcinogenic group,
Scary carcinogenic group[3],
The well-known and feared cervical cancer,
It's this group that causes it.
The core members of this group are two generals, type 16 and type 18.
Didn't you underestimate the HPV virus before?
Cervical cancer, oral cancer, laryngeal cancer, pharyngeal cancer,
Anal cancer, penile cancer...
They're all in trouble!
So, did you underestimate the HPV virus before?
However, anal cancer and penile cancer are relatively rare.
The surface of the cervix, there are many, many more here
HPV virus like epithelial tissue,
So they passed through the secret entrance to get here smoothly
And here it is the immune warrior white blood cells,
The most difficult battlefield to reach,
So the HPV virus has an opportunity to be arrogant,
Be mighty and blessed...
They're no longer just secretly copying their own DNA.
And even prayed with the epithelial cells,
A new type of cell is made.
But this new cell grows fast and dies slowly.
Long life cycle,
Cancer cells slowly appear and grow.
So
Don't be scared to explode when you hear HPV,
Don't panic! Don't panic! Don't panic!
It is a persistent infection with HPV types 16 and 18
It is easy to get cervical cancer.
HPV has another side:
Mild non-carcinogenic group[4]
In fact, the members of this group are called huge-
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 11, 27, etc. and so on.
Mucosal diseases, papules, warts,
Spicy eyes of genital warts and so on,
It's all this group of tricksters.
Type 6, type 11 virus will be in the hey,
Sneak into your body,
Destruction of the mucous membrane around the anus, in the location of the pubic area,
Like a cockscomb,
Piles of small bumps are clustered together,
That's it: genital warts!
1、2、3、4、27、51，
This group likes to bully children,
invades their skin, causing the appearance of skin warts,
Especially the face, hands, and soles of the feet.
In the face of such a wicked HPV,
The immune system is our greatest ally,
If the heart is the capital, the blood vessel is the highway,
Blood is like an ambulance.
Where in the body bacteria, viruses,
The local immune White Warrior will enter the battlefield,
Start fighting!
But if the enemy is too strong,
The local immunization warriors can't figure it out
"Request support!" Request Support! Request Support! ”
The immune system mobilizes nearby white blood cell troops,
They jumped on the ambulance,
Rush to the scene of the trouble, to annihilate the bad guys.
And HPV enters the epithelial cells,
It's a suburb of a suburb with no roads, no police stations, no ambulances.
So HPV camped here.
HPV is still restless,
Endless children and grandchildren have been born...
Until something big moves.
The immune system receives reports,
Will send an ambulance squad from the small county town nearby,
To the scene of the incident,
The Great White Warrior and the HPV virus will have a fight,
As a result, there are 3 scenarios -
First, the HPV was wiped out in one fell swoop, and we didn't feel anything at this point. Data show that 95% of HPV can be automatically cleared by their own immune system over a period of months to two years, a condition known as a "transient infection" [4].
Second, the great white warrior and HPV stalemate, the two sides are evenly matched, at this time the human body still has no symptoms, but the physical examination will be told: HPV test is positive, then you can do a typing examination, when found to be a high-risk HPV infection should be paid attention to, in the interval of more than 1 year, 2 consecutive times to detect the same high-risk type of HPV is a continuous infection of the situation, then you need to seek medical treatment in time, the use of drugs to eliminate the virus.
Third, the great white warrior was completely defeated, HPV ushered in the spring of development, the non-carcinogenic group to make skin warts, the carcinogenic group is to make a variety of cancers.
Faced with cunning enemies, the HPV virus has not yet been killed by the virus. However, prevention can be done well:
First, get the vaccine and get the antibody
The role of vaccines is to activate our immune system and form antibodies in the body. Taking the high-risk type of HPV16 as an example, the experimenters found that the immune system produced 7.7 times the amount of antibodies against the high-risk type of HPV16 after vaccination [5-6].
Most of the existing vaccines are developed for high-risk HPV, and can not help immunize all HPV infections, for example, the bivalent vaccine only targets hpv16 and 18 two high-risk viruses [5], so even if you are vaccinated, you must check regularly, please note that you must check regularly!
Second, private clothes are washed separately
HPV can be transmitted through contact, such as healthy people exposed to items used and contaminated by HPV infected people, so daily use and cleaning should be separate from personal items such as underwear and towels.
Third, high temperature exposure to the virus
If a family member is infected with HPV, towels, bed sheets, etc. are boiled and disinfected and exposed to the sun, which can eliminate the virus and prevent infection.
Fourth, pay attention to when going out
When using a public toilet, a disposable toilet mat should be placed, or toilet paper can be placed if not, or disinfected before use.
Finally knock on the blackboard: HPV infection is very common, even in some people's skin may be present in HPV, and HPV infection is usually transient, can be cleared by the immune system, so we do not need to talk about HPV discoloration, do not hold the idea that HPV infection is equal to cervical cancer to scare yourself.
Review expert: Wu Shengdong| deputy chief physician of the Armed Police Anhui Provincial General Corps Hospital
bibliography:
[1] Carvaiho MO, Carestiato FN, Perdigao PH, et al. Human papilloma virus infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil:a retro-spective study[J]. Braz J Infect Dis,2005,9(5):398-404.
[2] Song Wenjun (Review), Wang Yinghong (Reviewer). Research progress on the correlation between HPV infection and body-specific immune status[J].Medical Review,2013,19(7):1188-1190.
Zhao Bo,Wang Xueqian. Research progress on the correlation between HPV infection and cancer in different species[J].Modern Oncology Medicine, 2014:240-245.
[4] Campo MS. Papillomavirus research.1st ed. England: Caister Academic Press,2006:1.
[5] Vesikari T, Brodszki N, van Damme P, et al. A randomized, double-blind, phase ll study of the immunogenicity and safety of a 9-valent human papillomavirus L1 virus-like particle vaccine(V503) versus Gardasil ? in 9-15-year-old gils[J]. Pediatr Infect Dis J,2015,34(9):992-998.
[6] Naud PS, Roteli-Martins CM, De Carvalho NS, et al. Sustained efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of the HPV-16/18AS04adjuvanted vaccine: Final analysis of a long-term follow-up study up to 9.4 years post-vaccination[J]. Hum Vaccin Immunother,2014,10(8):2147-2162.
Yu Yanqin,Qiao Youlin. Application prospect of HPV preventive vaccine in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in China[J].Tumor Prevention and Treatment,2018,v.31(04):7-11.
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