What is history: it is the echo of the past to the future, the reflection of the future on the past. - Hugo
At the end of the 19th century, the Qing government was overwhelmed by the Western powers and lost a lot of sovereignty. The people at the bottom were always faced with the situation of not having enough to eat, and Guangxu was the minister in China for twenty-five years (1899). In May 1900 (the 26th year of Guangxu), after the rise of the Boxer Rebellion in Beijing and Tianjin, the Eight Countries of the United States, Britain, Germany, France, Russia, Italy, Japan, and Austria sent troops to Beijing in the name of protecting the embassy, actively prepared for war in the embassy area, and repeatedly provoked the Boxers.
On the afternoon of May 18 (June 14), Klinder led his soldiers out to look for trouble, saw the Boxers practicing boxing and martial arts, and without hesitation ordered the shooting, killing about 20 people. On the 23rd, the Qing government prepared to go to war with the great powers, and sent a note to the ministers of various countries: In order to protect the safety of the envoys and their dependents, the ministers must be escorted to Tianjin by the Qing army within 24 hours. That evening, the ministers of various countries replied to the Qing court, requesting a temporary visit to Tianjin, asking the Qing government to reply at 9 a.m. the next day, and Klinder and others were ready to "meet and discuss" with prime minister Yamen to force the Qing court to accept.
However, at 8:00 a.m. on the same day, the ministers of various countries had not yet received a reply from the Qing court, and Klinder did not want to be ridiculed by the Chinese government for fear of the Boxers, so he took an interpreter and went straight to the prime minister's gate in a sedan car, ready to protest to the Qing court. When passing through the Dongdan Arch, Zhang Jing'enhai, the Thunder Gun Team of the Qing Army's Divine Machine Battalion, led a patrol here. Enhai saw the foreigners coming in a sedan car, that is, standing high on the north side, and took a gun and pointed it at the palanquin. When Clinder found out, he shot first in the car and failed to hit. Enhai returned fire, killing Klinder on the spot, and the translator was injured for the Klinder incident.
This incident was the fuse of the eight-nation alliance invasion of China, but also pushed the Boxers into the abyss of destruction, the German Emperor Wilhelm II learned of this, in anger sent 20,000 soldiers to attack China, and united the United Kingdom, the United States and other seven countries, at the same time, Cixi before fleeing west believed that the Boxers were the culprits, ordered the Qing army everywhere to surround and suppress the Boxers, the Boxers before the destruction of the Boxers could not understand why the Qing government would in turn suppress them.
Afterwards, the invading armies of various countries used this as an excuse to threaten China. The Qing government had decided to declare war on the great powers, and ordered the Qing army and the Boxers to besiege the embassy district. As a German minister, Klinder repeatedly slaughtered and kidnapped Chinese residents, violating his diplomatic mission, and his death was entirely self-inflicted.
But Germany brazenly sent 20,000 soldiers to invade China in disregard of the facts, and Wilhelm II, as Kaiser Wilhelm II, as Kaiser, also said a very aggressive sentence: "My authorized representative was killed, and the German flag was insulted... Defeat them mercilessly, leave no prisoners of war, shoot and kill... Let Chinese be afraid when it comes to Germany a thousand years from now."
In July 1901 (Guangxu 27), the Qing government was defeated and forced to sign the "Xinugu Treaty" with 11 countries, including Britain, the United States, Germany, France, and Russia, which stipulated that the Qing government sent Prince Zaifeng (1883-1951) as a first-class envoy, on behalf of the Chinese government, to go to Germany to apologize for the murder of Klinder, and to build a monument at the place where Klinder was killed to "cleanse the dirt and snow" for the invaders.
In addition to the strategic goal of making "China afraid of Germany for a thousand years", his biggest dream was to rule the world, provoking the First World War, and he also sent troops through the American cities of New York and Boston, so that the expansion of the German army in the Pacific Theater was like no man's land, but there was also a time when Wilhelm II eventually went into exile in the Netherlands and died in exile.