Lu Xun is a representative of China's advanced culture, and his 10 years of living, working, studying and fighting in Shanghai are the last 10 years of his life, as well as the most arduous and glorious 10 years. Lu Xun's apartment, former residence, and memorial hall in Shanghai are the highlights of our historical and cultural city. Interestingly, these locations, which are closely related to Lu Xun's activities, are particularly concentrated along the "backbone" bus line 21. Today, we will follow the footprints along the No. 21 bus and embark on the footsteps of Mr. Lu Xun.
Bus 21 micro-history
Past
In 1936
On November 2, the British Shanghai Tramway Company No. 21 trolleybus started from Pingliang Road Lan Road (Lanzhou Road) to Magen Road (Huai'an Road) Gordon Road (Jiangning Road), via Pingliang Road, Dalian Road, Huade Road (Changyang Road), Baoding Road, Tangshan Road (Tangshan Road), Xinjibang Road (Xinjian Road), Hanbili Road (Hanyang Road), Wusong Road, Tiantong Road, North Sichuan Road (North Sichuan Road), Sichuan Road (Middle Sichuan Road), Beijing Road (Beijing East Road), Aiwenyi Road (Beijing West Road), Kade Road (Shimen 2nd Road) to Magen Road, the length of the line is 9.146 km.
Early 21 trolleybuses
In 1937
On August 13, tram 21 stopped.
In 1938
On March 4, tram No. 21 was reduced from Sichuan Road Bridge (Nankuan) to Gordon Road on Magen Road.
On March 21, the end point of the western end was adjusted to Sichuan Road Bridge to Xiaoshadu Road (Xikang Road) Yichang Road.
In 1939
From August 11 to 14, tram No. 21 was rescheduled to Sichuan Road Bridge to Dazi Chiming Bell.
In 1944
On February 16, some tram lines were adjusted, and the original No. 21 tram was adjusted to Taixing Road to the bottom of Xikang Road, and was renamed Tram No. 14. The original No. 20 tram was split into two lines, and from the Bund River Customs to Jing'an Temple, it was still called tram No. 20; from Jing'an Temple to Zhaofeng Park (Zhongshan Park), it was called Tram No. 21.
In 1946
On December 21, tram No. 21 was withdrawn because the 20 tram was fully restored to the Bund to Zhongshan Park.
In 1953
In early 1953, the 21 trolleybus opened before the 1st bus went
On July 1, the no-trolleybus line of No. 21 Ring Road (Ring Line) was newly opened, replacing the original No. 1 Ring Bus (which opened on December 10, 1945).
The No. 21 ring trolleybus opened in 1953 passes through the Old West Gate (the background is the Chen Yingshi Memorial Tower)
1953 Traffic Diary: Tram 21
In 1954
On July 1, the No. 21 Ring Tram was suspended, and the inner and outer rings of the line were respectively driven by trams No. 14 and No. 24 around the city.
The ring buses in the 1956 map were shared by trams 14 and 24
This world and the collateral
In 1955
On September 1, Shanghai Tramway Company opened 21 trolleybus line from Zhongshan Park to Wuzhou Road, Yalujiang Road, with a length of 9.071 kilometers. (Since 1957, it has been a tram.) ）
The 21-lane trolleybus that crossed the Sichuan Road Bridge in the 1950s
1956 Traffic Diary: Tram 21
Bus Manuals 1959 and 1960: Trolleybus 21 Fare List
In 1972
On April 25, due to the suspension of the tram on North Sichuan Road, the Tram No. 3 was reduced from Sichuan Road Bridge to Hongkou Park, and the direction of the 21 trolleybus was adjusted synchronously, and the end point was moved from Wuzhou Road to Hongkou Park to fill the bus vacancy caused by the shrinkage of trams (the track was officially demolished in 1974).
1974 Traffic Manual: Tram 21
Bus Manual 1983: Tram 21
In 1990
In March, Beijing West Road runs from the intersection of Wanhangdu Road to the intersection of Urumqi North Road, which is directly connected to Yuyuan Road, and No. 21 no longer passes through the gate of Hongdu Film Theater (Paramount) in the direction of Zhongshan Park.
Image
In the summer of that year, due to the impact of the construction of Yuyuan Road, the western end of tram No. 21 was reduced to Jing'an Temple (it was not restored after the construction was completed).
In order to avoid the congestion point at the intersection of Wanhangdu Road in Beijing West Road, the terminus of Line 21 was adjusted from the yuyuan road junction of Yuyuan Road to the south side of the intersection of Jiaozhou Road and Beijing West Road (opposite the Children's Palace in Jing'an District).
In the mid-1990s, Beijing East Road, Sichuan Middle Road, No. 21 was equipped with SK561GF trolleybus
1992 Traffic Manual: Tram 21
In September, the No. 231 peak bus was opened from Zhongshan Park to Lu Xun Park.
After 1995
The newly opened ZX231 special line car has the same direction as the 231 road. It was later renamed 939 Road.
ZX231 bus in the mid-1990s
In 2001
On August 8, tram No. 21 expanded significantly northward, and the original line from Lu Xun Park on North Sichuan Road to Fengzhen Road arrived at Fengzhen Road via Dongjiangwan Road, West Sports Club Road Interchange, Zhongshan North 1st Road, Guangzhong Road, Liangcheng Road, Wenshui East Road and Guangyue Road. The length of the line increased to 14 km, making it the longest tram line in the city at that time.
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In the 2000s, the 21st SK562GP trolleybus at the terminus of Jiaozhou Road in Jing'an Temple
On September 15, the single fare of the No. 21 ordinary car was adjusted to 1.5 yuan, which was the only tram line with a fare of 1.5 yuan in the city at that time.
In 2004
On February 23, the 231 peak line was withdrawn.
On July 10, due to the impact of the elevated construction of the Central Ring Road, The 21 Road adjusted its direction and went from Guangzhong Road to Fengzhen Road via Guangyue Road; the return journey from Fengzhen Road to Liangcheng Road, Kuizhao Road, Guangyue Road, and back to the original line of Guangzhong Road.
In 2005
On January 29, in conjunction with the reconstruction of the road landscape of North Sichuan Road, the so-called "visual pollution" was eliminated, and all overhead lines along the line except for the adjacent section of Sichuan Road bridge at the southern end were demolished. Since then, Route 21, which has been in operation for 50 years, has been changed to a bus line, and the nearly 100-year-old tram history of North Sichuan Road (1908-2005) has come to an end.
In 2005, the 21-way part of the tram before the electric reform was equipped with the SK5105GP trolleybus
After that, the northern section of the line adjusted its direction, from Guangzhong Road through Liangcheng Road and Guangling 4th Road to the original line of Guangyue Road.
In 2010
On May 29, the Jing'an Temple Hub Station was opened, and the 21 line was adjusted to the end point of the station.
In 2012
On April 21, due to the impact of the construction of the lower interchange of Guangzhong Road, The 21 Road adjusted its direction in both directions, and after the original line passed through North Sichuan Road, it returned to the original line of Guangzhong Road along Huayuan Road and Water Circuit.
In 2013
On March 31, Route 939 was greatly adjusted from Lu Xun Park to Yangjiadu Ferry Port, which was the first bus line in the Xinjian Road Tunnel.
In 2016
Due to the opening of the medium-capacity tram on Yan'an Road, which involved the allocation of N-license drivers, route 21 bus company 1 (formerly bus tram) was temporarily converted to bus 3 company operation.
In 2018
In May, Line 21 returned to the operation of Bus Company 1.
Trace Lu Xun's footprints along Route 21
Cade Road Smedley Residence
The area around Smedley's apartment on the 1947 map
In Lane 68, Fengxian Road, West Wang Jia Kui (formerly the door number Shimen 2nd Road Lane 41, Fengxian Road after the expansion of the current site), is a garden house residential area. In December 1928, Agnes Smedley came to China as a special correspondent for the German newspaper Frankfurter Zeitung, and arrived in Shanghai the following year. Lu Xun and Smedley met at the end of 1929 and became close friends after that.
Lu Xun at a Dutch restaurant, photographed by Smedley on September 17, 1930
In early 1931, Smedley wanted to leave China for health reasons. Before leaving Shanghai, Lu Xun and several young writers visited Shi's apartment on Kade Road (now Shimen 2nd Road) and talked freely for one night. Today, through the Xiwang Garden Lane Museum located in the lane, you can learn about the life of old Shanghai.
Today's West WangJiahui Garden House along the street (Zhang Yuanyuan photo)
Gongdelin Vegetable Food
The old appearance of the store gate of The Yellow River Road in Gongdelin
Founded in April 1922 on Beijing Road, a year later moved to No. 43 Huanghe Road, near the Nanjing West Road International Hotel. On August 6, 1930, Uchiyama invited writers, painters, and journalists to attend the "Shanghai Rambune" to discuss literature and art. In addition to Lu Xun, there were Tian Han, Yu Dafu, and Japanese literary and artistic friends in Shanghai. Lu Xun's rambling meetings invited by friends are often in coffee shops or restaurants. At present, "Gongdelin" is at No. 445 Nanjing West Road.
Jincheng Grand Theatre (Huangpu Theatre)
The Golden City Theater in 1934
780 Beijing East Road. Opened in February 1934, it has more than 1,600 seats, although it is less than "Great Light", but it is also comparable to the great Shanghai, International and other theaters. In 1934 and 1935, Lu Xun watched movies and performed in the "Golden City". In 1958, the Golden City Grand Theatre was renamed Huangpu Theatre. At present, there are Shanghai burlesque plays and other performances here.
New Asia Hotel
Old shadow of New Asia Hotel
It is located at No. 422 Tiantong Road, at the northwest corner of the intersection of North Sichuan Road. Founded in Guangzhou in 1928, it later set up a head office in Hong Kong, most of the shareholders were overseas Chinese, Hong Kong and Macao businessmen, and set up a branch in Shanghai in 1933 and opened in January 1934. When Lu Xun was in Shanghai, he would sometimes travel south along North Sichuan Road, and when he reached the intersection of Tiantong Road, he would go to "Xinya" with his relatives and friends to sip tea. Later, he was invited or invited to drink here many times. Now after the renovation, it is open to the public under the name of Jinjiang Metropolo Classic New Asia Bund Hotel.
The present appearance of New Asia Hotel (Photo by Zhang Yuanyuan)
Kunshan Garden (Kunshan Park)
Kunshan Garden Old Shadow
It is located at No. 13 Huayuan Road, Kunshan. The only record of Lu Xun's visit to the park in his diary is that on October 9, 1932, he went to the hospital with his wife and hai baby, and visited the children's park together. This "children's park" is now Kunshan Park. Originally named Hongkou Park, later known as Kunshan Garden, it was dedicated to children's play. In 1937, it was renamed Kunshan Children's Park, and the public still commonly known as Kunshan Garden. In 1944, it was named Kunshan Park. The park is small and elegantly furnished. It was repaired several times in 1950 and 1979. On November 2, 2018, the second phase of the Reconstruction and Expansion Project of Kunshan Park was completed, and after the reconstruction, the gate of the park was rebuilt on Zhapu Road, and the original wall was demolished. The park is arranged into two characteristic areas: the ancient tree theme area and the historical theme area.
Good Friend Book Printing Company
The old street appearance of Liangyou Book Printing Company
At No. 861-863 North Sichuan Road (then No. 851 North Sichuan Road). Founded in 1924. The ground floor of the building is the store department, the rear part is the printing house, and the third floor of the rear is the editorial office. "Liangyou" mainly publishes various albums, which are widely sold at home and abroad with "Liangyou Pictorial" (1926.2-1945.10), which is quite influential. "Liangyou" has published Lu Xun's translations and compilations of paintings, and Lu Xun has personally sent manuscripts, selected paintings, and discussed publication matters. "Good friend" was one of the important positions for Lu Xun's later books.
Shanghai Grand Theatre
The old appearance of the Shanghai Grand Theatre
The English name is Isis Theatre. At No. 1408 North Sichuan Road, at the intersection of Qiujiang Branch (the old site was No. 523 North Sichuan Road). Lu Xun watched the most movies in Shanghai, according to statistics, as many as 27 times. Because it is not far from Lu Xun's apartment, whenever there is a suitable film, Lu Xun will go to watch it, and most of them go to watch the drama with relatives and friends.
Advertisement for the film published in the Declaration on March 8, 1929
Jing Yunli
Schematic diagram of the distribution of the former residences of Lu Xun et al. in Jingyunli
That is, Lane 35 of Yokohama Road. In October 1927, Lu Xun and his wife Xu Guangping arrived in Shanghai from Guangzhou, and lived in Zhabei Jingyunli with Mao Dun, Ye Shengtao and other cultural figures (at that time, the area from North Sichuan Road to North Baoxing Road could be called Zhabei). Lu Xun lived at No. 23 Jingyunli, and the front door of his apartment was diagonally opposite the back door of Mao Dun's apartment, and Zhou Jianren lived at No. 18. On September 9, 1928, Lu Xun moved to No. 18 to live with Zhou Jianren. Later, due to the availability of the room at No. 17 next door, it was moved in in February 1929, and in order to facilitate communication, a wooden door was set up after opening No. 17 and No. 18, and it was still accessed through the back door of No. 18.
Hengbang Road Jingyunli Nongkou (Zhang Yuanyuan, 2012)
Fumin Hospital (Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital)
Old shadow in front of Fumin Hospital
The current site is No. 1878 North Sichuan Road, the original site is No. 141 North Sichuan Road, and the back door number is changed to No. 1019. Because of the proximity to Lu Xun's apartment, Lu Xun visited this hospital in the first few years of shanghai, and met many doctors and nurses. On September 27, 1929, Lu Xun's son Zhou Hainian was born here. After 1949, it was renamed the Fourth People's Hospital, which was a district second-class general hospital (from 2000 to 2017, it was a branch of the First People's Hospital, and its original name was the second title). Above the hospital building, there is a passage across, namely Lane 1856 of North Sichuan Road, which is named "Ariri", and the old Nongkou Tram Station is also named after Ariri, so it is a well-known Lane in the northern section of North Sichuan Road.
Ariri Lane Hall under the Four Courtyard Building (Photo by Zhang Yuanyuan)
Public brown coffee shop
Public coffee shop old shadow of the 1980s building
The current site is No. 1915 North Sichuan Road (the original site is No. 1093, the old building has been demolished and rebuilt into a 7-storey commercial building). In the 1930s, meetings of Shanghai's literary and art circles or appointments with prominent progressives often took place upstairs in public coffee shops. "Gong Brown" is relatively close to Lu Xun's apartment and Neishan Bookstore, so Lu Xun often talks with friends here.
Uchiyama Bookstore
Old shadow of the gate of the Inner Mountain Bookstore on Skota Road
The bookstore opened by Nichiaki Neishan was originally in Weishengli, North Sichuan Road (that is, Lane 1881, North Sichuan Road, which no longer exists today). In 1929, it was moved to No. 11 Shigaota Road (Shanyin Road was formerly known as Scott Road, now no. 2048 North Sichuan Road), which is a three-story brick and wood fake building facing north and south. In 1927, Lu Xun became acquainted with Uchiyama and became close friends when he was shopping at the Neishan Bookstore. Uchiyama Bookstore has attracted many Chinese and foreign cultural figures and become a bridge for cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.
The former site of the Uchiyama Bookstore (Photo by Zhang Yuanyuan)
A thousand love
In 1933, Lu Xun and Uchiyama were photographed in front of the Qianai Li Neishan Residence
It is located in Lane 2, San'in Road. It is one of the important places for Lu Xun's activities in his later years. "Thousand Loves" means "Love and a Thousand Homes" and was built in the early 1920s. Among them, No. 3 is the residence of the couple in the inner mountain, which is also one of the places where Lu Xun avoids.
The old shadow of Qianaili House No. 40, where the "Modern Writers Woodcut Exhibition" is held
Ramos Apartment (Kitagawa Apartment)
That is, No. 2079, 2087, 2093, 2099 North Sichuan Road. In 1920, the British Ramos built a row of four-storey reinforced apartments in an Art Deco style. From May 1930 to April 1933, Lu Xun lived in Room 4 on the third floor of No. 194 North Sichuan Road (now No. 2093 North Sichuan Road). In 1976, an additional floor was added to become a five-story building. In the 1990s, North Sichuan Road in front of the gate was partially rerouted to form a small diagonal street garden.
A corner of Ramos Apartment (Photo by Zhang Yuanyuan)
Mainland New Estate
Lu Xun's Former Residence in New Estate, Mainland China (Photo by Zhang Yuanyuan)
Including Lane 132 (No. 1-9), Lane 144 (No. 11-20), Lane 156 (No. 21-30), Lane 168 (No. 31-40), Lane 180 (No. 41-50), Lane 192 (No. 51-60), No. 9 Mainland New Estate (now No. 9, Lane 132, Sanin Road) is leased by the staff of Uchiyama Completed By Uchiyama Completed. On April 11, 1933, Lu Xun moved from ramos apartment and lived there until his death. In May 1959, lu xun's former residence in the new estate of mainland China was listed as a municipal cultural security unit.
Lu Xun took a photo near his apartment in the new estate in mainland China
Lu Xun Memorial Hall
Shanghai Lu Xun Memorial Hall (Photo by Zhang Yuanyuan)
Located at No. 200 Tian'ai Road, Lu Xun Park (Hongkou Park) is the east end. Shanghai Lu Xun Memorial Hall is the first new monument of humanity built after the founding of New China. It was prepared in 1950, and in November of the same year, Zhou Enlai inscribed the name of the "Lu Xun Memorial Hall", which was opened to the public on January 7, 1951. Originally located at the former residence of the mainland new estate on San'in Road. On the eve of the 20th anniversary of Lu Xun's death in 1956, the new museum was completed, and the exhibition of Lu Xun's life was rearranged and opened to the public in October of the same year.
Hongkou Park (Lu Xun Park)
In front of the gate of Hongkou Park in the 1920s
The south gate of the park is at 2288 North Sichuan Road. On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of Lu Xun's death in 1956, Lu Xun's tomb was relocated from the Cemetery of All Nations to a new building. In March 1961, Lu Xun's tomb was listed as a national key cultural protection unit. In October 1988, Hongkou Park officially adopted the name of Lu Xun Park.
Statue of Lu Xun in Lu Xun Park (Photo by Zhang Yuanyuan)
Park Place
Old photos of Park Lane Lane
Located opposite The Hongkou Football Stadium, Lane 476, Xijiangwan Road. Because of its proximity to the west side of Hongkou Park, it is called Park Place. There are three rows of three-story buildings with the same shape in the lane, five or six buildings in each row, of which the third row of No. 24 is the site of the Wild Wind Painting Society where Lu Xun funded the start-up funds and personally went to give a speech.
Source: Picture from Shanghai
Editor: Han Bingrong