On January 6, 1927, the British Concession of Jiujiang was attacked by a large number of people.
The author took a photo at the Jiujiang Concession Former Site Museum in December 2021
On January 6, tens of thousands of people in Jiujiang marched in the streets in solidarity with Hankou's repossession of the concession.
Wu Yishan, a picket of workers at the Jardine Matheson and Swire docks who had been on strike for more than a month, found that the British forced the workers to carry their luggage and smuggled rice to receive British warships withdrawn from Wuhan, and immediately stepped forward to stop it. British sailors knocked Wu Yishan unconscious on the spot and seriously wounded several workers.
After the massacre, the crowd that was marching shouted "Storm the Yang Street!" And so on, and marched towards the British Concession in four ways. The British Concession dispatched all the military and police, closed the concession's external passage, set up a machine gun defense, and the warships in the river also took off their gun coats and prepared to fire. Dock workers in the concession removed the barbed wire around the concession, received the marching crowds that stormed the concession, and drove the British to the warships, occupying the Jiujiang British Concession, which had been leased by the British for more than 60 years.
On January 7, at the request of the British side, He Yaozu of the Independent Second Division of the National Revolutionary Army was stationed in the concession by Gong Xian, the commander of the Third Regiment. On the same day, Deng Yan, director of the General Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army, reached Jiujiang and led a platoon of gendarmes into the concession to inspect.
On January 8, Deng Yanda held a joint meeting of all walks of life in Jiujiang at the headquarters of He Yao's ancestors to discuss the aftermath. On the 9th, the Jiujiang Citizens' Diplomatic Action Committee toward Britain was established, and the compatriots throughout the country were electrified to uphold the country's rights by showing justice. On the 10th, under the auspices of the Wuhan National Government, the Provisional Management Committee of the Jiujiang British Concession was established.
Main source: Jiujiang City Chronicle
The repossession of the British Concession by Jiujiang from January to March 1927 was a major event recorded in the annals of modern Chinese history, and it was also the most glorious period of Jiujiang during the Republic of China period.
The events of January 6 were influenced by the attack on the British Concession by Hankou on January 5, so collectively known as the "Hankou Jiujiang Repossession of the British Concession Incident", which is believed to be a patriotic movement of workers, social organizations and citizens in Wuhan, Jiujiang and other places mobilized under the leadership and organization of Li Lisan, Liu Shaoqi and others, with the aim of "opposing British imperialism and recovering the sovereignty of the concessions".
The jiujiang repossession of the British Concession was a great victory in mobilizing the local masses to jointly resist colonialism under the leadership of the Communist Party and the Kuomintang Left faction and with the support of the Northern Expeditionary Army, the climax of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and a major victory in the history of the Chinese people's anti-imperialist diplomatic struggle since the Opium War, which greatly encouraged the Chinese people. It represents that the workers' movement in Jiujiang is at the forefront of the country, and the city has become the center of the revolution and has attracted the attention of the people of the whole country.
The history of the Jiujiang Incident is basically clear, involving many Chinese and foreign, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and many historical figures, and there are chapters related to this series.
Deng Yanda in 1927 Source: Wikipedia
One of the relevant characters in this article: Deng Yanda (March 1, 1895 – November 29, 1931), member of the Political Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee, director of the General Political Department of the Kuomintang Central Military Commission, leader of the Left Wing of the Kuomintang, and one of the founders of the Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party. In this incident, Deng Yanda worked closely with the Chinese Communist Party and led the repossession of the British Concession. In 1931, Deng Yanda was secretly executed by Chiang Kai-shek. After liberation, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China commended the martyr Deng Yanda, calling him "a heroic and strong fighter of China's democratic revolution" and "a hero of the democratic revolution and a hero who was respected and praised by the people for his merits in the neutrality of the democratic revolution."
Gong Xian Source: Baidu Encyclopedia
The second person involved in this chapter: Gong Xian (1892-1928), then the commander of the Third Regiment of the Independent Second Division, was responsible for the security of the British Concession after taking over. Gong Xian later served as the commander of the Lieutenant General of the Fortieth Army, and was killed in the Northern Expedition the following year, and his body was transported back to Nanjing for burial, and the Nanjing government held a solemn state funeral for him, becoming the "first general in the history of the Republic of China to hold a state funeral after the death of the Northern Expedition", and was later posthumously recognized as a general of the army by the Nanjing government. After liberation, the Hunan Provincial People's Government recognized Gong Xian as a revolutionary martyr.
Another important figure in this article, He Yaozu, who sent troops to take over the concession of the Second Independent Division of the National Revolutionary Army, will be introduced in another article.
Some articles say that on January 6, British warships fired fire on the shore, causing casualties among the Chinese people. According to the author's query and analysis, the British were intimidated by the threat of the Northern Expeditionary Army that day, did not dare to have a large-scale conflict with the people of Jiujiang, the warships did not fire at the city, and under the drive of the masses, the British police and soldiers abandoned the concession and hid with the British merchants in warships and merchant ships on the river. In this chaotic situation, the Northern Expeditionary Army justifiably took over the Jiujiang Concession.
"Jiujiang Video Chronicle: Today in History" is a series of short articles recording the history of Jiujiang in Jiangxi, each capturing the more influential events that occurred in the history of Jiujiang City and the ten counties and cities under its jurisdiction, accompanied by relevant historical photos, news photos, documents and videos taken by the author, and making appropriate comments on the causes and impacts of the events.
Each article in this series selects an event that occurred on the day of the day with clear historical records, and if there is no suitable event on the day, it is selected in the current month (there are no dates for the month in the historical records). Due to the limited level of the author and the mutilation of the information, there will be errors and improper trade-offs, please criticize and correct.