"With the state xian xiu fu honored the gongfudi, the old article of the heavenly soldiers moral saints." This couplet, which is said to have been written by Ji Yun, a Qing Dynasty man, is now hanging on the pillars on both sides of the door of the Confucius Palace
The position of Confucius in feudal society and the lofty status of Confucianism in our country
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First, the world's first province
Confucius is located in today's Qufu City, Shandong Province, "Qufu" was first derived from the "Book of Rites", "Lu has Fu, Weiqu, so it is called composer Fu". In ancient times, Shandong Province was the capital of the State of Qi and the State of Lu, and Confucius was born and lived here, where he founded private schools, preached and preached, so
We identified Qufu as the hometown of Confucius, and Qufu is also known as the "Holy City of the East".
In order to commemorate the great thinker and educator Confucius in ancient China, he began to build the Confucius Temple in 478 BC, and then, with the passage of time, there was a gradual expansion, forming a group of ancient buildings with oriental characteristics, such as confucius, confucius temple, and Konglin.
Confucius House, Confucius Temple, and Kong Lin are collectively known as the "Three Holes".
The "Three Holes" are grand in scale and imposing, covering an area of 20 square kilometers, and the courtyard walls around the Konglin are 7.25 kilometers long.
Confucius was built relatively late, in 1377
It was rebuilt in 1530 and expanded in 1838. It has undergone many repairs and expansions, but with the decline of the Qing Dynasty, the famous Yansheng Gongfu has lost its former glory, and has gradually collapsed due to disrepair, and the magnificent "Jiuru Hall" and "Royal Monument Building" have collapsed successively. It wasn't until the people of the Republic of China rebuilt the "three holes",
Now Confucius, Confucius Temple, Konglin has become the main tourist attractions in Qufu, attracting tourists at home and abroad, and driving the economic growth of Qufu
Confucius Mansion is a mansion located in Qufu City, inhabited by Confucius's eldest son, the eldest grandson, located on the east side of the Confucius Temple.
It is the famous "Yansheng Gongfu". Confucius is the place where Confucius's eldest descendants work and live, and the regional division within Confucius is very clear and orderly.
During the day, the masters worked in the front hall, met guests, handled official affairs, and carried out social activities, and at night, the descendants of Confucius would return to the "inner house", which was the place where they ate and slept and carried out their daily lives.
Because the front hall is office land, so the regional division is more accurate and strict, divided into the lobby and the second hall, between the lobby and the second hall, each placed two red lacquer benches, about a little longer than a zhang, later, after the Kong Mansion became a scenic spot, a note was placed next to the two stools, writing:
This stool is called "Ge Lao Stool", and this stool is also known as the "Cold Bench", which is related to a powerful courtier in the Ming Dynasty.
Second, the old stool of the solid red lacquer pavilion, the viewer laughed and ridiculed Yan Song
Legend
In the Ming Dynasty, a powerful courtier named Yan Song
, he was sentenced to prison for perverting the law for embezzlement,
Before going to prison, he had come to Qufu to find his granddaughter-in-law, Kong Shangxian came to help unblock the relationship,
However, Kong Shangxian did not break the principle because of this, Yan Song was turned away, so he sat on the bench and sat for two hours, seeing that no one came, before he was willing to leave.
That's why these two stools are called "cold benches."
Yan Song was called "Elder Yan Ge" at that time, and the relationship between Elder Yan Ge and the Kong family can be said to have a long history, and the plaque of "Kong House" in front of the Confucius House was from the hand of Elder Yan Ge.
In the sixth year of Ming Wuzong Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty, a peasant revolt broke out,
At that time, the descendants of Confucius had always been literati, so when the uprising hit Shandong, Confucius's descendants scattered in fright.
Later, the peasant revolt was suppressed, but the Confucius Palace had been destroyed, so Emperor Zhu Houzhao ordered the renovation of the Confucius Palace. At that time, the person in charge of the construction was Yan Gelao, Yan Song. Yan Song was serving as an attendant of the Hanlin Academy at that time, and the official was in this position, and Yan Song was also very good at figuring out the meaning of the emperor.
Where in the renovation of the Confucius Mansion can be said to be a great construction of civil engineering, careful planning, every grass and tree are revealed to the heart, the emperor is very happy after seeing,
Directly promoted Tony Song, Yan Song got the opportunity and has been actively expressing himself.
The dictatorship lasted for more than twenty years
The Kong family saw that their family's mansion was renovated so solemnly, so they were very grateful to the emperor and Yan Song, and later when they moved their new home, they directly went to affirm Yan Song's nomination for the Kong family, when Yan Song was proud of the spring wind.
With a pen, he wrote down the two big characters of "Confucius House",
If the people of Confucius province obtained the most precious treasure, they found craftsmen to make these two large characters into a plaque with gold characters and blue backgrounds, and hung them high on the lintel of Confucius House. The two families had a close relationship until later,
Yan Song also mated his granddaughter Xu to Kong Shangxian, and the relationship between the two families became closer.
But
As the saying goes: Always walk by the river, where there are shoes that are not wet.
Yan Song only cared to please the emperor for the officials, but behind his back, he was corrupt and bribed, showing off his authority, and his power was tilted for a while, so after Yan Song was an official for twenty years, he was impeached, and the officials reported his crimes to the emperor.
After the emperor heard this, Long Yan was furious and directly dismissed him from his post and investigated.
Third, it is difficult to seek a holy father in defeat
Yan Song, who had been powerful for half a lifetime, was suddenly idle at home, very unwilling to be lonely, and wanted to make a comeback, but now he was just a civilian, and those who had been begging him in the past were too late to see him and run, let alone help him. Suddenly, he thought that Kong Shangxian was his granddaughter-in-law, although he was only a commoner, but he had been kind to the Kong family.
So now go to his granddaughter and son-in-law and ask him to help intercede in front of the emperor,
There should be no problem.
So Elder Yan Ge was full of joy and confidence rushed from the capital to Qufu, Shandong, and when he went to the Confucius Mansion and explained his intentions to the next person, the next person rushed to report it, and Elder Yan Ge sat in front of the door and waited. I thought that my granddaughter and son-in-law would come to greet me happily, but I didn't expect that Kong Shangxian already knew his intentions.
Directly closed door and disappeared. But Yan Song knew that this was the only straw for him to become an official again, so he pleaded bitterly.
But it still didn't get what it wanted. Never thought,
Yan Song actually sat on the big stool in front of the Confucius Mansion for the whole day.
After returning home, it was not long before all the property was seized, and the family was raided by the imperial court, and he was homeless.
He eventually died of poverty and illness.
So since then, people have called that stool
"Cold Bench" or "Cabinet Bench"
，
The Kong family is honest and honest, and the upright family style is also praised.
I heard that since then, people have been reluctant to sit on that stool anymore, saying that if they sit on that stool, they will get unlucky and unlucky, and no one is willing to sit on that "cold bench." Later, the people of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection discovered this
The educational significance of the cold bench,
Therefore, they would take the corrupt officials to sit on this cold bench, or organize the officials to visit the cold bench in front of the Confucius Palace to warn the officials to want it
Taking morality as the foundation, being honest and honest, and serving the people wholeheartedly, we must not have the intention of embezzlement and bribery.