Later, Tong Guan offered Emperor Huizong of Song the strategy of destroying the Liao, and recommended Ma Zhi to Emperor Huizong of Song. When Emperor Huizong of Song saw that this person was available, he ordered him to be secretly taken into the country and summoned him personally. Emperor Huizong remembered Li Liangsi's loyalty and gave him the imperial surname, that is, Zhao Liangsi. Emperor Huizong of Song said: "The Liao kingdom is not destroyed, the clouds are not collected, and the northern frontier has been restless for a long time." The good advice offered today may relieve the disease of the heart. Ma Zhi was eloquent, which gave him the opportunity to show his eloquence. He played in front of the imperial court: "There is no doubt that the Liao kingdom will perish." This dynasty can send envoys across the sea to marry the Jurchens, meet with them, and jointly plan the Great Liao. If the woman really succeeds and preempts the attack, and the current dynasty is controlled by the people later, things will not be good. ”
Zhao Liangsi suggested to Emperor Huizong that the Jin Dynasty destroy the Liao and seize the Sixteen Prefectures of Youyun, which had fallen back into the hands of the Khitans for nearly two hundred years.
Regarding whether to form an alliance with the Jurchens to attack the Liao, the ministers of the Song Dynasty had a fierce debate in the court, and although faced with the opposition of the famous general Zhongshi Dao and others, Emperor Huizong and most of the Zaifu ministers decided not to miss this great opportunity to wash away the shame before the snow and restore the rivers and mountains, and through Tong Guan's efforts, Emperor Huizong of Song made the decision to jointly attack the Liao with the Jurchens.
In the seventh year of Zhenghe, Tong Guan sent people to explore the truth of the woman, but returned without success. In March of the tenth year of Song Zhenghe, Zhao Liangsi took a handwritten letter from Emperor Huizong of Song to jin again. At this time, it happened that Ah Kuanta led his troops to attack Liaoshangjing outside, and Ah Kuanta's brother Wu Begmai (later Jin Taizong) received Zhao Liangsi. Wu Begmai suggested that an alliance with the Song Dynasty be called the Jin-Song Alliance. Zhao Liangsi felt very uncomfortable when he heard that Jin was in front, but when he put Song in front, the Jin Dynasty would not agree. Therefore, it was suggested that this alliance began by crossing the sea, which was called the alliance on the sea. Wu begmai agreed.
Zhao Liangsi did not wait for Ah Kuan to return, and traveled day and night to catch up with Ah Kuan near Liao Shangjing and conducted negotiations on the Alliance between Jin and Song. Zhao Liangsi first took out a handwritten letter from Emperor Huizong of Song, which, in addition to courtesy, was mainly that after the two sides successfully attacked the Liao, they asked Xu Song yanjing to take care of the old Han dynasty. After debate, the parties reached the following terms:
First, the Song and Jin dynasties sent troops from the north to attack the Khitans. Neither army was allowed to cross the Great Wall. During this period, the two sides were not allowed to unilaterally negotiate peace with Liao.
Second, the Song Dynasty, as a price, will pay tribute to the Liao state every year and transfer the tribute to the Jin state according to the old number. The Jin Dynasty sent troops, and the Song Dynasty gave a certain subsidy for grain and military expenses.
After the war, Jin agreed in principle to hand over the Sixteen Prefectures of Youyun to the Song Dynasty.
4. The two sides shall not invite surrender and rebel.
(5) The Parties shall abide by the Covenant together, and if they do not do so, it will be difficult to abide by the covenant which has been made.
6. Pingzhou is not the old Han land of Yanjing, nor is it the land where Emperor Taizong of Liao accepted bribes, and it is two roads with Yanjing and is not included in the return. In addition, the Jin army temporarily lived in Xijing (Yunzhong) in order to capture Emperor Tianzuo.
After Zhao Liangsi returned to Beijing, because of the completion of the task, Song Huizong and Tong Guan were very happy, and Zhao Liangsi also became a celebrity known to everyone in the government and the public. The Northern Song Dynasty hoped to recover Youyun Sixteen Prefectures, under the wrong decision of Song Huizong, Cai Jing, Tong Guan, etc., surrendered his identity, from 1118 onwards, sent a number of envoys, from Dengzhou, Shandong, to cross the sea to Liaodong, to carry out shuttle diplomacy, after more than a year of arduous negotiations, in February 1120 and the Jin State signed the historically famous "Alliance on the Sea".
The Jurchens only granted the Fourteen Prefectures of Youyun, which were controlled by the Liao State, the most important of which were Pingzhou and Yingzhou, and Jin was not willing to cede them to the Song Dynasty. Therefore, from the point of view of the terms alone, the Song Dynasty has actually suffered a big loss, which is obviously an unequal treaty.
In the early days of the Song-Jin exchanges, the Jin Dynasty did not know much about the situation of the Song Dynasty, and in the eyes of the Jurchens, the Song Dynasty was very powerful. Zong Han, a general of the Jin Army, once said: "The Southern Dynasty is bordered on all sides, and if there is no military strength, can An be able to establish a strong country like this?" This is not light! Therefore, at the beginning of the alliance between the Jin Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, they did not dare to have too high expectations, but hoped to use the song Dynasty's force to quickly defeat the Liao army and favor the northeastern region. In the exchange of the maritime alliance, if the Song Dynasty did not show weakness, but showed it strong, so that the Jin State knew that the Song Dynasty was ready to take back the land of Yanyun by force, the Jin army would not dare to easily go south. If the country is weak, it will be beaten, and from the perspective of the relationship between Song and Jin, it is the clearest. So at the beginning of the negotiation of the covenant, Jin Guo took the initiative.
(Image from the Internet)
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