Every day poetry hunting, pay attention to the reading dogs!
During the Middle And Tang Dynasties, the Tang Dynasty had the exclusive power of eunuchs within it, and there were feudal towns outside, and internal and external troubles made the country more and more ill. After Tang Shunzong ascended the throne, Wang Ling and Wang Shuwen, together with a group of like-minded scholars, launched a political reform movement - Yongzhen Reform! At that time, the 33-year-old poet Liu Yuxi participated in the Yongzhen Reform, and together with Wang Ling, Wang Shuwen and Liu Zongyuan, he became the core figure of the innovation group, known in history as "Second King Liu Liu".
The purpose of the Yongzhen reform was to reduce eunuchs internally, weaken the power of eunuchs, crack down on corrupt officials in the DPRK, exempt the harsh government from taxes and taxes, and curb the expansion of power in the feudal towns, with a view to restoring the central imperial power, thereby revitalizing the country and reviving the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Unfortunately, the members of the reformist faction were politically inexperienced and hasty, and the reforms attracted resistance from conservative scholars, eunuchs in power, and feudal forces.
The Yongzhen reform lasted only more than 100 days before eunuchs staged a coup d'état and forced Tang Shunzong to take the position of Crown Prince Li Chun, later Tang Xianzong. When Tang Xianzong ascended the throne, the Yongzhen reform was declared a failure, and the leading figures of the reform faction, Wang Ling and Wang Shuwen, were all demoted to Sima of the remote prefecture capital, and Liu Yuxi, Liu Zongyuan, and eight others were also demoted to Sima of Yuanzhou, known in history as "The Second King and Eight Simas"!
Among them, Liu Yuxi was demoted to the title of Lianzhou Assassin (present-day Lianzhou City, Guangdong), and soon after he was demoted to Sima of Langzhou (present-day Changde, Hunan), this year Liu Yuxi was only 33 years old, prosperous, and young and promising, but he could only stay in the gloomy and desolate land of Langzhou. This is ten years long!
It was not until the tenth year of Yuan He that Liu Yuxi was recalled to Beijing. To be recalled to Beijing, one should breathe a sigh of relief, or at least learn to be cautious in the imperial court. But for Liu Yuxi, how can life be bent over! So he improvised to write this poem one day while traveling with his colleagues to Xuanduguan:
Yuan He ten years from Langzhou to Beijing opera to see the flowers of the gentleman
Don Liu Yuxi
Purple and red dust blowing on the face,
No one can look at the flowers back.
Xuandu Temple,
All Liu Lang planted after he went.
Ten years ago, there were no peach blossoms in the Xuandu Temple, but now it is full of peach blossoms and flowers are moving. This poem seems to be a scene of flower appreciation and a change in the view of Xuandu, but in fact, Liu Yuxi is satirizing the magnates. Using the metaphor of peach blossoms as the upstarts in the DPRK in the past ten years, it means that these seemingly upstarts in the DPRK and China were only promoted by relying on inflammatory tendencies after they were excluded and degraded!
Such irony can be described as spicy and contemptuous, which shows that Langzhou has never erased Liu Yuxi's pride and pride in the past ten years. As soon as this poem came out, it was uncomfortable for the powerful people of the dynasty to read it, and Wu Yuanheng, the prime minister at the time, felt deep pain after reading this poem. Because ten years ago, Wu Yuanheng was the representative of the conservative scholar who opposed Yongzhen's reform, such a poem was tantamount to punching him in the face.
As a result, Liu Yuxi was once again demoted, this time to the more distant History of the Thorns of Bozhou (present-day Zunyi, Guizhou), and on the way to office, due to the intercession of Liu Zongyuan, Pei Du and others, he changed his name to the History of the Thorns of Lianzhou (present-day Lianzhou, Guangdong). Later, he was successively reappointed as the Assassin of Kuizhou (夔州刺史, in present-day Fengjie, Sichuan) and the Assassin of Hezhou (present-day Hexian County, Anhui), and he served as a magistrate in the remote prefecture capital.
It was not until the second year of the Bao calendar that Liu Yuxi was recalled to Beijing again. This year, Liu Yuxi was already 55 years old, nearly 23 years after he was first degraded. 23 years of degraded career but let Liu Yuxi more and more frustrated and courageous, on the way back to Beijing passing through Yangzhou, he met Bai Juyi, wrote the famous "Reward Lotte Yangzhou First Meeting on the Table", "Bashan Chushui desolate, abandoned for twenty-three years" is the true portrayal of Liu Yuxi's half life!
And "a thousand sails on the side of the sinking boat, and the first ten thousand wood springs in front of the sick tree" is also a portrayal of Liu Yuxi's spirit. In the second year after returning to the capital, Liu Yuxi deliberately traveled to Xuandu temple again, and wrote a poem fourteen years apart:
Then visit the Xuandu Temple
Prologue: When Yu Zhenyuan was a Tuntian member of the Outer Lang in the twenty-first year, this view did not flower. He was born in Mulian Prefecture (present-day Lian County, Guangdong Province), seeking to degrade Sima of LangZhou. After ten years of residence, he was summoned to the Beijing Division. Everyone says that there are Taoist monks who plant immortal peaches in their hands, such as Hongxia, so there is a previous chapter, in order to be a momentary thing. Spinning and shepherding. For four years in the present ten years, the re-visit to the Xuandu Temple, the re-visit of the Xuandu Temple, there is no more tree, but the rabbit sunflower and oats are shaken by the spring wind ear. Because of the re-inscription of twenty-eight words, to swim later. When Yamato was in March of the second year.
Half of the hundred acres of the court is moss,
Peach blossoms are in full bloom.
Where does the peach cultivator belong,
Former Liu Lang is here again.
Because the Xuandu Guanshi was exonerated by the power minister Wu Yuanheng and was sent away to Lingnan, now that Wu Yuanheng has been dead for fourteen years, Liu Yuxi recalls the old matter, "Where the Taoist monks planted the peaches returned, and Liu Lang came again before", expressing the irony and ridicule of those magnates who stifled Yongzhen's innovation, full of joy of victory. With such sharp irony, it is no wonder that Bai Juyi called him: "His sharp edge is natural, and he is rarely dared to be a person"!
The two Xuandu views show Liu Yuxi's indomitable and humorous irony!