Beijing, January 2 news In January, the weather is cold, the air is dry, and the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases such as new crown pneumonia, influenza, chickenpox and viral infectious diarrhea should be focused on prevention and control, and beware of the occurrence of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning incidents. In addition, high-risk groups should pay attention to the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Healthy life starts from prevention, I hope the following disease prevention tips can help you better prevent these high-incidence diseases in winter.
Neona coronary pneumonia
The global COVID-19 situation is still not optimistic, and the epidemic in many countries has rebounded. The "Omicron" mutant strain has spread to many countries and has been imported into individual provinces and cities in China. In addition, there have been local epidemics in some provinces and cities in China recently. During the New Year's Day and Spring Festival in 2022, to cooperate with the epidemic prevention and control work, we should take the initiative to implement prevention and control measures for travel and return to our hometowns, and do a good job as our own healthy gatekeepers.
influenza
Influenza, referred to as influenza, is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus, which is generally manifested as acute fever, headache, sore throat, cough, runny nose and so on. High incidence in winter and spring, mainly transmitted by droplets or contact, the transmission speed is fast and highly contagious. Collective units such as schools and childcare institutions are prone to cluster outbreaks.
Precautions:
Schools and kindergartens strengthen morning inspections, timely find and isolate patients, and do a good job of regular disinfection of toys, food utensils, towels, toilets and toilets. Cultivate good personal hygiene habits of handwashing and coughing etiquette before and for young children.
Patients with chronic diseases, the elderly, the infirm, etc. may consider influenza vaccination, and it should be noted that the interval between the new crown vaccination and the new crown should be more than 14 days.
3. Chickenpox
Chickenpox is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus, most common in children, and can easily cause outbreaks in collective institutions. The virus can be transmitted through the air by coughing or sneezing in people with chickenpox, or by contact with blisters in people with chickenpox.
Chickenpox patients from 1-2 days before the rash to the herpes dry scab are contagious, if someone in the family is infected with chickenpox, then after contact with a family member who is not immune to chickenpox, 9 out of every 10 people may be infected.
Viral infectious diarrhea
Viral infectious diarrhea is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by viral infections such as norovirus and rotavirus, mainly manifested as diarrhea and/or vomiting, which can be transmitted through human-to-human contact, through food and water, with fast and wide spread. January is still the epidemic season for viral diarrhea, and clusters of outbreaks are prone to occur in collective units such as schools, childcare institutions, and elderly care institutions.
Wash your hands frequently, maintain personal hygiene, and develop correct handwashing methods.
Ventilate regularly, keep the air circulating indoors, not less than 2 times a day for not less than 30 minutes each time.
The dishes are regularly disinfected and the food is fully heated. When eating out, try not to eat raw cold, half-raw seafood and aquatic products.
Non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning
Non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning refers to carbon monoxide poisoning incidents that occur in the daily life of the public, and the causes of events are mostly related to the use of fuel for heating, such as the use of charcoal for heating, in addition, the improper use of gas water heaters, artificial gas leakage, and automobile exhaust can also cause non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning. Such incidents are prone to occur in winter, and improper use of gas water heaters is an important cause of poisoning.
At the beginning of carbon monoxide poisoning, there will be mild headaches, dizziness, palpitations, nausea and other symptoms, at this time, if you inhale fresh air in time, the symptoms can gradually disappear. If inhaled continuously, severe headache, dizziness, limb weakness, nausea, vomiting, flushing of the face, cherry redness of the skin and mucous membranes, and even confusion, coma, and life-threatening.
6. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
The cold season is a period of high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, because low temperatures may stimulate vasoconstriction and spasm, so that blood flow is not smooth, blood perfusion of the brain, myocardium, and internal organs is reduced, the blood supply and oxygen supply of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular blood vessels is insufficient, and it is easy to suddenly angina, cardiocerebral infarction, etc. Patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or high-risk groups need to pay attention to protection in winter.
Avoid catching colds and prevent colds. The best warm temperature in winter and spring is 12-20 ° C, which is conducive to vasoconstriction. In addition, in the cold season, it is recommended to go out to exercise after 10 a.m., after the ambient temperature rises; you can also choose to do radio exercises, tai chi and other sports at home.
Get up in the morning and take your time. Just wake up in the morning, people's heartbeat rate from slow to fast, so that blood vessel constriction and blood clotting substances are increased, prone to blood clots, and wake up violently will appear dizziness, nausea, limb weakness and other orthostatic hypotension symptoms. After opening your eyes in the morning, you should first not get up and lie on the bed for 3 minutes; sit up slowly and lean against the head of the bed for 3 minutes; stretch your legs to get dressed and sit on the edge of the bed for 3 minutes; then get up and get out of bed.
Eat a sensible diet. Eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, milk, lean meat and other foods rich in vitamins, trace elements and high-quality protein, and should drink hot food. Drink a cup of warm boiled water in the morning, consciously eat more coarse grains and crude fiber foods, and develop good habits.
Soak your feet in hot water before bedtime. Soaking your feet every day before going to bed can dispel the cold, promote metabolism, and improve circulation in the body. The water temperature should not be overheated, about 40 degrees Celsius is appropriate, the time should not be too long, control at 10 to 20 minutes.
Bathing should not be high water temperature. Before and after bathing, and during bathing, the difference between the environment and the water temperature is too large, which will make the blood pressure fluctuate too much. If the bathtub is deeper, the increase in water pressure will cause blood pressure to rise, and it is recommended to soak only below the chest.
Follow the doctor's instructions on time, and do not reduce or stop the drug without authorization. Monitoring of blood pressure, lipids, and blood glucose should also be strengthened, and if necessary, treatment can be adjusted under the guidance of a doctor. Once there is discomfort such as chest suffocation and pain, dizziness, wheezing, cold sweat, etc., you should seek medical attention in time.
(Source: Shanghai CDC Official Public Account)