Zhang Liao was the first of the five generals in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and at the same time entered the Wu Temple, ranking one of the seventy-two generals.
His glory mainly came from the Battle of Hefei, the Wei Wen Emperor Cao Pi praised: the Battle of Hefei, Liao, Dian with infantry 800, 100,000 thieves, since ancient times the use of soldiers has not been there.
This sentence broke the thief 100,000, which brought a good name to Sun Quan, Sun 100,000.
However, if one hundred and eighteen people pushed 100,000 people sideways, after all, it is an exaggerated and beautified literary statement, and to know the real situation of the Battle of Hefei, it is necessary to peel back the cocoon and analyze it from the biographies of all the parties involved in this war.
First of all, on the side of Cao Wei, the three generals Le Jin, Zhang Liao, and Li Dian jointly defended the city, and the garrison force was more than 7,000 people.
Sun Wu side, the lineup is more luxurious. Sun Quan personally led the team, and his generals included Jiang Qin, Gan Ning, Chen Wu, and Ling Tong. The specific number of people he brought with him was not written in the Book of Wu, only Cao Wei unilaterally gave a figure of 100,000 people.
We need to look at this with skepticism. But according to sun quan's emphasis on Hefei, its military strength must be quite a lot, so fifty thousand to seven thousand, eighty thousand to seven thousand, or one hundred thousand to seven thousand, the difference is also the same.
The Wu army was dominated by Sun Quan, while the three generals left by Cao Cao had divergent opinions in the face of the enemy, and there was no obvious superior-subordinate relationship.
There is a record in the "Biography of Li Dian" that Sun Quan led the crowd to surround him, and Liao wanted to go to war with the teachings. Jin, Dian, and Liao are all not harmonious, and Liao is afraid that they will not follow, and dian sighed and said, "This is a major national event, Gu Jun's plan is like an ear, I can regret it privately and forget justice!" "It is to lead the people and break the power of the Liao."
From this paragraph, it can be seen that the three generals of Cao Wei Shoucheng have no subordination relationship. When they saw Cao Cao leave a book and let Zhang Liao and Li Dian take the initiative to attack, their hearts were doubtful except for trepidation. Only Zhang Liao saw the reason, or the brain made up some truth. Propose: If you do not cooperate with the counterattack, fold its grand momentum to reassure the hearts of the people, and then you can defend it.
Zhang Liao's words moved Li Dian, and the voting result was two to one. So that night recruited eight hundred dead soldiers, leaving Le to enter the city to defend, and when the sky was dark, Zhang Liao and Li Dian took eight hundred people out of the city.
This is a good kill, only to see Zhang Liao with a sword, brave and invincible, like a god under the heavens, beheading Sun Wu and two generals, directly into Sun Quan's army, forcing Sun Zhongmou to go high, holding the halberd to defend himself, and dare not look down.
This paragraph is like a commentary, but it is really written in the history books, and Zhang Liao's bravery is even worse.
Then Sun Quan, as the commander of the leading troops, has not been fighting for a year or two, and he has indeed been humiliated by eight hundred people. The mistakes they make, as everyone can guess, are nothing more than carelessness.
In the Book of Wu. In the biography of Pan Zhang, it is recorded that in the Battle of Hefei, Zhang Liao was dying, the generals were not prepared, Chen Wu was killed, Song Qian and Xu Sheng were all dressed, and Zhang's body was in the rear, and the two soldiers were killed by Hengma and Sheng Bing, and the soldiers returned to battle. Powerful and strong, worship the general.
From this paragraph, we can see that Sun Wu's side came with great momentum, and did not think that the Hefei defenders dared to go out of the city to meet the battle, so the generals were not prepared, and they were temporarily beaten by eight hundred people.
Moreover, there is also a message in this passage, that is, among the two generals who Zhang Liao beheaded, there is a man named Chen Wu. Chen Wu was a man of little fame, but he was listed in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and was not a small person at that time.
Speaking of Zhang Liao, after he led eight hundred people on a rampage, the history books recorded: From the Dan War to the middle of the day, the Wu people seized their breath, and they also repaired the garrison, and the hearts of the people were at peace, and the generals were salty.
This raid achieved two tactical effects, the first was that the morale of the Wu army was suppressed, and the morale of the Cao Wei defenders was rising. The second is the general Xianfu, and Zhang Liao is expected to become the actual leader of Hefei.
However, no matter how strong the eight hundred people were, they could not complete the feat of pushing 100,000 horizontally. After the riots, Wu's troops reinvigorated and surrounded Hefei. More than ten days after the attack, Sun Quan saw that Cao Wei's generals were united in their will and that it was difficult to conquer for a while, so he ordered the withdrawal of his troops.
The reasons for the withdrawal were manifold, one was the fear of the arrival of Cao Cao's reinforcements, and the other was the emergence of an epidemic in the Wu army.
Book of Wu. The Biography of Gan Ning records that in the twenty years of Jian'an, from the attack on Hefei, the epidemic disease, the military brigade has been led out, only the car under the tiger soldiers more than a thousand people, and Lü Meng, Jiang Qin, Ling Tong and Ning, from the quan xiao yao Jinbei.
This account can also be seen in two problems, the first plague struck, the second is that when the Wu army retreated, the large army was in front, Sun Quan took several generals behind the palace, and there were not many soldiers around, but there were more than a thousand tiger soldiers under the car.
The "Biography of Gan Ning" also wrote: Zhang Liao looked forward to knowing it, and was about to ride to the point. Ning drew a bow to shoot the enemy and fought with tong and the others to the death.
The meaning of this sentence is that after Zhang Liao stood on the city wall and saw Sun Quan's hall, he brought someone to kill him.
What is more interesting is the record of the "Biography of Ling Tong", Shi Quan withdrew his army, the front part had been issued, and the Wei general Zhang Liao and others went to northern Jinbei. The envoys of power pursued the former soldiers, the soldiers were far away, the situation was not in reach, and the commanders were close to three hundred people to fall into the siege, and supported the power out.
When Sun Quan saw Zhang Liao killed, his first thought was to shout at people. However, the distance between the front and back was too far, it was too late, and the wooden bridge on the river had been cut off by the Wei army, and at this time, if there was no Ling Tong's sacrifice of life, Sun Zhongmou would be taken prisoner.
Therefore, the Battle of Hefei has two important components, one is the raid of the eight hundred death squads under the city, and the other is the Battle of Jinbei.
The statement of eight hundred and one hundred thousand is indeed a bit exaggerated, their role is mainly to boost morale, but also Cao Cao's guidance.
The Battle of Jinbei was slightly different, this was the style of Zhang Liao's attack and defense, which changed at the moment of opportunity and expected the enemy to win.
As for Sun Quan, there was nothing to discuss, there were too many mistakes from the beginning to the end, and he was ridiculed at the end, which was a hundred times stronger than being a prisoner at that time. And he also became a nobleman of Zhang Liao, personally sending him to the Wu Temple, alongside the past sages.