<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="85" > truffle</h1>
Truffles. The scientific name "Truffle Nigricosa" belongs to the fungus Phytoacycetes Truffles of the order Truffles edible fungi. Because it grows underground, the fruiting body is blocky, so it is also called "ground fungus", "block fungus", "truffle"; and because it grows in pine, oak, oak, oak, so in the folk commonly known as "truffle". [1]
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="84" > classification and distribution</h1>
Truffles are mainly produced in France, Italy, Spain and other countries; in China, they are mainly produced in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other provinces, of which Yunnan has the largest output. The ripening period of truffles begins in September and ends in March of the following year, so this period is also the time to collect truffles. [1]
According to the data, there are more than 30 varieties of truffles. Among them, black truffles and white truffles have the best taste quality, while Italian white truffles are extremely precious because they produce the least. [1]
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="83" > is endangered</h1>
Due to the lack of understanding of farmers, truffles are often harvested in advance under the drive of interests, resulting in the immature and poor quality of their child entities is one of the main reasons for the low export prices. [2]
In addition, after the commercial development of truffles in China, wild resources have been plundered and indiscriminately excavated, and the symbiotic mycorrhizae between truffles and trees have been seriously damaged, resulting in a sharp decline in the natural production of truffles year after year. According to incomplete statistics, the total output of truffles in Panzhihua City in 2010 has dropped from more than 200 t in the 1990s to more than 30 t. At the same time, the diversity of the domestic truffle genus has also been destroyed, and even some species are on the verge of extinction, and the area of forest destruction is constantly expanding, so that the ecological environment in the southwest region is also facing a huge threat. [2]
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="82" > rational use and effective protection of biological resources</h1>
Therefore, improving the understanding of the valuable value of truffles by harvesters, standardizing the harvesting period and harvesting methods of truffles, carrying out relevant diversity surveys and research, strengthening the restoration of the ecological environment of truffles in China, and carrying out research on the synthesis and planting technology of truffle mycorrhizal seedlings have become the focus of work of mycosal workers in China in the future. [2]
Although the extinction of species is an objective natural phenomenon, this sharp decline in species and natural production exacerbated by the increase in demand for human activities can be curbed and mitigated by human beings' own efforts. [!]
It is strictly forbidden to collect "root" (underground hyphae), which should be selectively collected, and must be covered and flattened after harvest to protect the normal and orderly growth and development of underground mycelium. [!]
It is recommended that relevant departments should adopt a combination of thin cutting and seedling afforestation, strictly prohibit shaving head cutting, implement artificial and semi-artificial cultivation, establish production and experimental research bases, and change the disorderly and unorganized harvesting situation. Farmers in mountainous areas can cultivate, manage and benefit themselves on the barren slopes of the contracted barren mountains, so as to mobilize the two enthusiasms and achieve the purpose of effective protection and rational utilization, that is, sustainable development. At the same time, it can also promote the development of forestry, increase forest coverage, and improve and enhance the living environment conditions of human beings. [!]
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="81" > nutrients</h1>
Truffles are one of the most precious edible mushrooms in the world, and the fruiting body is rich in protein, amino acids, carbohydrates, ergosterols, sterols and other nutrients and aromatic components. Compared with other edible mushrooms, truffles generally have a high protein content, which can be described as the meat of vegetarians. [2]
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="80" > pharmacological effect</h1>
Truffles have the effect of enhancing immunity, anti-aging, anti-tumor, hemostasis and regulating women's menstrual cycle and sexual function, and their medicinal value is very high. [1]
Truffles also have anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-fatigue, enhance immunity, delay aging, resistance to hypoxia, aphrodisiac, stomach and intestines, hemostasis regulation, women's menstrual cycle and sexual function and other effects. [2] [3]
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="79" > wild and artificial</h1>
Truffles are very picky about the growing environment, and sunlight, moisture, temperature and soil pH will affect their growth. At present, truffles cannot be artificially cultivated, which is also the reason why truffles are scarce. [1]
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="39" > who is more suitable for truffles? </h1>
Truffles, known as "black diamonds in the kitchen" and "food of God", are not only used as delicious dishes, but also have a variety of health and medicinal properties. Most people can eat it, but the following groups are more suitable:
1. Elderly
For the elderly, eating truffles can help fight aging. Truffles have unique antioxidant abilities and are key to fighting aging.
2. Small children
For children, truffles are rich in nutrients, especially the high-quality proteins in truffles, which can supplement the nutrients needed by children during growth.
3. Postoperative population
Patients after surgery are generally very weak, serious lack of protein in the body, and the resistance is reduced, so they should be supplemented, and they can eat more truffles to play a role in rapid recovery.
4. Male aphrodisiac
Modern analysis has also proved that truffles contain unique α andrherols. The chemical structure of the substance is very similar to that of human male hormones. The results of the study show that truffles have a good health effect on both men and women.
5. Women's Health
Truffles have an estrogen-like effect, increasing their uterine index and ovarian index, indicating that truffles have an estrogen-like effect.
In addition, truffles, as one of the most precious edible mushrooms in the world, have high nutritional value and special medicinal effects, not only as a delicious and delicious dish, but also have a variety of health care and medicinal value. [2] [3]
Resources:
Su Weihua. Truffle, the king of rare fungi[J]. Sichuan Cuisine, 2006, 000(012):27-28.
Qing Yuan, He Xiaolan, Liu Chengyi, et al. Research progress of precious underground fungi--truffles[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 41(11):19-22.
Dong Yang, Wang Haiying, Zhao Zuntian. A preliminary study on the health benefits of truffles[J]. Journal of Hebei Academy of Sciences, 2012(01):68-73.
Thanks to the authors in the above references!
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