Author: Xu Yunhui
In 209 BC, Chen Sheng "led the pawns of fatigue and sent hundreds of people" to fire the first shot of armed resistance against the violent Qin in Daze Township (present-day Suzhou, Anhui). This armed force, which is so simple that "cutting wood for soldiers and unveiling poles for banners", is just like a spark of fire, triggering "the world gathers to respond". Chen Sheng toppled the first domino of the fall of the Qin Dynasty, and was thus sacrificed to the altar by Sima Qian, and in the "Records of History", he became a family of "princes founding the country and hereditary descendants", becoming an inspirational model with "the aspiration of the great bird".
However, fading the heroic aura, restoring the historical truth, and carefully examining Chen Sheng's life of "rising and falling", is he a "bird" or a bird bird that "soars between the basil"?
(1) The motive is not pure
The sun was like a fire, and the farmer's heart was like oil. When the young Chen Sheng was sweating and working in the fields under the scorching sun, he couldn't bear to throw down his farm tools and run to the small trees in the fields to "hate for a long time", straightening his throat and shouting: "Poor brothers, who will be rich in the future, but don't forget the poor brothers who suffered together!" ”
"Rich" is the highest realm of life set by the young Chen Sheng. Although his ideal is "punching under the table---- the shot is not high", but still by the poor brother Wang Er Dog and other people ridiculed: "Your boy is destined to be a toad, or do you really dream of eating swan meat?" Wash and sleep! Chen Sheng sighed contemptuously, "You earth turtles!" Just like a group of birds and birds, how can you understand my grand ambitions of Chen Swan?! ”
Why did Chen Sheng have the courage to be so arrogant? First of all, his surname is Chen Mingsheng, which means that he is not born as a commoner without a surname, and is considered a second-class citizen; secondly, although he lives in Luzuo (slum, as opposed to the rich district Lu Right), he should have received a certain degree of education, compared with other third-class citizens who do not know a word of bian danchang, he is a cultural person, so he can interpret the Qin law with ulterior motives; third, after he and the nine hundred poor brothers were arrested, he and the iron brother Wu Guang were appointed as the tun chief (small leader) at the same time, which shows that he has a certain ability and mass base.
Nine hundred Zhuangding troops from Far Away From Yuyang were forced to stay in Daze Township for several days due to torrential rain. According to Qin law, after the delay in arriving at the destination, only the leader of the team was fined and punished, and no one else had anything to do. However, Chen Sheng found vitality in the desperate situation and decided that the "rich and noble" were throwing flattering eyes at him, so he consulted with the strategic collaborator Wu Guang and tried to do something big.
Wu Guang's blood boiled with excitement by Chen Sheng, and coupled with the irresponsible flickering of the fortune teller, he was determined to follow Elder Brother Chen to do a big vote. Taking advantage of the superstitious psychology of the people, he pretended to be a ghost and staged a flawed but effective "Fish Belly Danshu" and the fox issued a vocal farce of "Great Chu Xing, King Chen Sheng", and successfully packaged Chen Sheng as a gravedigger of the Qin Dynasty and a leader of the new era.
After Wu Guangshi killed another lieutenant in a chaotic manner, Chen Sheng deliberately ascended to a high height and misinterpreted Qin's law: "Brothers, even if we fly to Yuyang, we will lose our heads due to delays in military aircraft!" Even if the guy who keeps the meal, even if the Emperor Enhao does not pursue the crime of postponement, sooner or later guarding the border pass will be a death! Brethren, is it true that the princes will be passed down from generation to generation by heaven? No! never! We can also become princes and generals! ”
Amid the cheers of the Zhuang Dings, "Chen Sheng established himself as a general" and appointed "Wu Guang as a lieutenant". The rebels united in their determination to conquer various places one after another with the power of destruction and decay, and sprinkled the seeds of armed uprisings along the Yellow River.
"The prince will have a kind of Xiangning", which is in line with the ambition of the young Chen Sheng to "be rich and noble, and not to forget each other". In Chen Sheng's eyes, the prince will be in the same relationship as the rich and noble: the prince will be rich, and the symbol of wealth is the prince will be the prince! Therefore, Chen Sheng's motive for the uprising was seriously impure, and it was by no means to fight the world for the vast number of poor people, but only to make himself a dream prince and a rich man. Such a low strategic goal determined that Chen Sheng could not go far!
(2) Establish oneself as king
The rebel army was like a bamboo breaking bamboo to capture places such as "铚, 酂, bitterness, garnet, 谯", and the team also grew like a snowball to "six or seven hundred cars, riding more than a thousand, and tens of thousands of pawns." After successfully capturing the strategic area of Chen Di for a few days, Chen Sheng, after careful preparations, once again co-starred with Wu Guang in the double reed. Wu Guang summoned local powerful figures and celebrities to the county court, and so on. Therefore, when Chen Sheng stepped on the stage, these people who had been threatened or brainwashed by Wu Guang said in unison: "The people unanimously believe that General Chen is stubborn and sharp, 'cutting down the road, cursing Qin', restoring the Chu State Society, hard work, and high merit, and should be called king!" ”
Chen Sheng pretended to be humble and humble, and his heart was at ease to establish himself as king, "number Zhang Chu". This banner made the enslaved subordinate officials of the Old Lands of the Six Kingdoms see the hope of restoration, and they killed the officials sent by the Qin court in response to the Chen Sheng uprising.
(3) Indiscriminate killing of innocents
Chen Sheng claimed the title of queen and began to kill innocents with impunity.
Ge Bao, a rebel general in Dazexiang, led his troops to attack the land east of Pu County under the order of Chen Sheng. Ge Infant attacked the old land of the Chu State, and because of the lack of information, he took it upon himself to support li Xiangyi, a descendant of the former Chu royal family, as the king of Chu. Hearing that Chen Sheng had established himself as the Queen of Chu, Fang knew that he had run into a catastrophe, immediately killed Xiang Yi, and led his troops back to Chen Di to explain the situation to Chen Sheng. Chen Sheng became angry and ashamed, ignored Ge Baby's achievements in the Eastern Expedition, and immediately "killed Ge Baby." ”
Wu Chen, a general under Chen Sheng, led his troops to retake Zhao territory on the orders of Chen Sheng. "Wu Chen went to Handan and established himself as the King of Zhao." Chen Sheng was ashamed and angry, and arrested and imprisoned all the family members of Wu Chen and others, "wanting to punish them." Under the advice of his confidants, Chen Sheng reluctantly sent emissaries to the Zhao kingdom to congratulate him, and at the same time transferred the families of Wu Chen and others to the palace and put them under house arrest as hostages. Chen Sheng's stupid practice of driving fish from the enemy as a source forced the princes to deviate from him.
Deng said that Wu Guang's generals were defeated by the main force of the Qin army because they were outnumbered, and the troops were forced to flee to Chen separately. Chen Sheng didn't ask, "Xue Deng said. ”
Wu Guang, after Chen Sheng became king, was appointed by Chen Sheng as the "False King (Acting King of Chu), and the overseers would attack Xingyang in the west." ”
Wu Guang's troops were stubbornly blocked by the Qin army and could not be attacked for a long time, causing Chen Sheng to be anxious and jealous. For this reason, Chen Sheng specially summoned military senior counselors to discuss Wu Guang's siege of Xingyang. Subsequently, the general Tian Zang and others conspired to plot, "Correcting the King's Order to Curse Uncle Wu." Dedicated to King Chen. ”
Wu Guang, who "loves people and soldiers are mostly users", suddenly became an arrogant person who did not understand the art of war, which was unbelievable. Without Chen Sheng's instructions or acquiescence, Tian Zang Yan dared to falsely pass on the king's order to kill the king's close comrades-in-arms, and cruelly cut off the first rank to ask for credit? How could he get Chen Sheng's heavy reward of "giving Tian Zang Chu Ling Yin Yin yin and making him a general"? Chen Sheng's means of removing Wu Guang were extremely frightening. A lonely man who even his closest comrades-in-arms had to dig out and kill was doomed to be short-lived!
(4) Rambling is king
Chen Sheng, the queen, immersed in the honeypot of wealth and wealth he dreamed of, enjoyed the luxurious life of the paper-obsessed and drunken emperor and general. The poor-haired little Wang Er Dog always remembered Chen Sheng's words of "Gou rich and noble, don't forget each other", and rushed to Chen Di to ask for Chen Sheng. He hid outside the palace gate, and when Chen Sheng left the palace, he flashed out of the way and shouted: "Chen Shi, my second dog!" ”
Chen Shengsheng was afraid that he would not be able to spit out ivory in the mouth of the dog in front of the public, "It is a summons, and it is all returned." Wang Er Dog stepped into the golden and splendid palace, just like Liu Grandma entered the Grand View Garden, and became more and more fussy and shouted: "Good fellow, Chen Shi actually lived in such a magnificent palace, it is really 'Huǒ) involved in the king (people have the ambition to swing the arrogance)!" He couldn't see at all that Chen Sheng's face was already shady enough to wring out water, scurrying around the palace, spreading Chen Sheng's troubles and privacy before he was found, and eventually becoming chen Sheng's ghost under the sword. Chen Sheng's knife of killing chickens and monkeys completely cut off the old love with the deceased, causing the relatives and friends of the deceased to endanger themselves and quietly run away from each other. ”
After Chen Sheng killed Xiancai, he also made a mistake and appointed "Zhu Fang as Zhongzheng and Hu Wu as Siguo" to be in charge of the affairs of the group. These two jealous boys riveted hard to pat him on the ass, and used the strength of eggs to pick bones to find the faults of the group of ministers to show their loyalty to Chen Sheng. The generals returned to Chen Di triumphantly, and as long as they cocked their tails slightly, they were arrested and punished by these two boys. The two boys raised the banner as a tiger skin, and any political enemy who fell into the hands and did not deliver the condemnation of the priest was punished at will. Chen Sheng trusted them a lot, but he was full of suspicion about the brothers who were born and fought with him. The generals will therefore be cold and cold, and they will be separated from it. Chen Sheng ultimately failed, and that's why!
In the end, Chen Sheng was assassinated by the coachman Zhuang Jia.
"Although Chen Sheng is dead", the flames of the uprising burned all over the country, causing "Shandong Haojun to rise up and die of the Qin people". Chen Sheng also made the first contribution to destroying Qin because he led the crowd to fire the first shot of armed anti-Qin in the darkest hour of the storm.
However, Chen Sheng's lofty historical status could not hide the inferiority of his motives for the uprising. He deliberately misinterpreted Qin Law to intimidate the zhuang dings, and then stimulated their blood with elaborate chicken blood slogans, successfully tied them to chariots, and stepped on their corpses as stepping stones on the road to glory and wealth.
Therefore, Chen Sheng is by no means a self-proclaimed "bird" with lofty ambitions, but only a "bird bird" that "soars among the basil"!
Hypocrites who speak beautiful words to satisfy their personal desires have been as many as carps across the river throughout the ages!
About author:Xu Yunhui, male, graduated from the Department of Chinese of Yunnan Normal University in 1984 and is now a senior lecturer at Baoshan No.1 Middle School Education Group in Yunnan Province. He has published two monographs and published more than 600,000 words in literary journals at or above the provincial level.
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