Yesterday (25th) afternoon, more than 30 domestic archaeologists jointly demonstrated the archaeological excavation results of the Guozishan Yue Royal Family Tomb in Zhangshu City, Jiangxi Province, and for the first time announced the archaeological excavation results of the Guozishan Tomb, and speculated that the owner of this tomb was the royal nobles of the Yue Kingdom during the Warring States period.
The Guozishan Tomb is by far the largest archaeological discovery in Jiangxi during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, reflecting the characteristics of the fusion and coexistence of various cultural factors. So what important artifacts have been unearthed from this tomb? What is the significance for the construction and improvement of the cultural sequence genealogy in Jiangxi?
End of 2013
The National Character Mountain Tomb officially entered people's field of vision
The Guozishan Tomb is located in Pengze Village, Daqiao Subdistrict, Zhangshu City, Jiangxi Province, at the top of a hill about 300 meters west of the site of the Acropolis, a large city site of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The Acropolis is the central site of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in the Qingjiang Basin where Zhangshu City is located. A large number of city sites, ruins, tombs, etc. of the same period have been found around the city site, forming a settlement group with the acropolis as the core.
△ The site of the acropolis and the tomb of Guozishan
At the end of 2013, the Guozishan Tomb officially entered people's field of vision. Wang Yile, associate researcher of the Jiangxi Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, has been carrying out archaeological excavations and cultural relics protection here since 2013.
He said: "The Guozishan Tomb was discovered in late 2013 and early 2014, and after the discovery, the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Culture assigned experts from the Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology to the site to investigate and determined that it was a large tomb. We conducted a large-scale exploration of the surrounding area, clarifying the nature of the Guozishan tomb and the distribution of the surrounding ruins. ”
Since 2017, with the support of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Zhangshu City Museum have formed a joint archaeological team of Guozishan to carry out continuous archaeological excavations and research on tombs and surrounding areas with the concept of settlement archaeology.
More than 2,600 sets of cultural relics such as jade tools were unearthed
After on-site archaeological excavations, experts found that the Guozishan tomb is about 16 meters long from east to west and about 14.4 meters wide from north to south. Seven coffins are placed in the rafters of the tomb. The main coffin is a ship-shaped canoe coffin, located in the middle of the chamber, and there are 6 funerary coffins distributed around the periphery.
Although the tomb was invaded by tomb robbers in the early days, more than 2,600 sets of cultural relics were unearthed.
△ Excavated cultural relics bronze cup
△ Unearthed cultural relics jade dragon and jade phoenix
Most of the excavated artifacts are mainly lacquered wood ware, but also metalware, ceramics and jade ware. From the perspective of utensils, it includes a variety of categories such as ceremonial instruments, musical instruments, weapons, carriage and horse tools, and daily utensils. One of the longest guzhengs from the pre-Qin period has also been unearthed, which is well preserved, with a towering tail and a total length of 2.3 meters.
△ Excavated cultural relics guzheng
Wang Yile, an associate researcher at the Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, said that before and during the excavation, archaeologists made full preparations for the cultural relics that may be unearthed. "We immediately carried out emergency protection of the excavated cultural relics, and at the same time we formulated a plan for the protection and restoration of bronzes, jades, lacquerware and other metal objects according to the situation. Try to restore the situation of the tomb burial at that time. ”
Archaeological experts argue that
The Tomb of Guozishan may be related to the Yue King's Gou Jian Xuan grandson
Yesterday (25th) afternoon, more than 30 experts from the State Administration of Cultural Heritage and the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences jointly demonstrated the results of archaeological excavations, and the focus of discussion was the mysterious identity of the owner of this tomb.
The final successful unveiling of the mystery stemmed from the two most important bronze weapons with inscriptions unearthed in the tomb, and after examining the inscriptions, experts speculated that the owners of these two bronze weapons were Xuansun Fei of Yue Wang and a son of Yi.
△ Two bronze weapons unearthed
Professor Cao Jinyan, dean of the Institute of Cultural Heritage of Zhejiang University, said: "From the perspective of inscriptions and cultural relics, I think this should be the tomb of Yue Wangfeng's son, which is why there is such a noble rank." This has played a very important role in our study of the history of the Yue Kingdom, especially to understand the outward expansion of the Yue Kingdom and to understand the history of Baiyue during the Warring States period. ”
According to reports, the Guozishan tomb is the largest archaeological discovery in Jiangxi so far in the Eastern Zhou Period tombs, and the excavation of the tombs provides key information for the construction and improvement of the genealogy of archaeological cultural sequences in the two-week period in Jiangxi.
Because the Guozishan tomb reflects the characteristics of the integration and coexistence of various cultural factors, the excavation of this tomb is also a new breakthrough in the archaeology of Yueguo and Yue cultures. Wang Wei, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and chairman of the Chinese Archaeological Society, said: "The Guozishan tomb is a major discovery of our country's Eastern Zhou archaeology in recent years, and to a certain extent, it fills the gap in the archaeological period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Jiangxi. It is of great significance for studying the formation of our unified multi-ethnic state and the cultural outlook of the Yue so-called 'Baiyue'. ”
Reporter/Xie Yuansen Xiong Fang Shi Kun
Source: Voice of China, Central Radio and Television Corporation