Filial piety and etiquette have always been a traditional virtue. He became famous as a child, famous in the state as a teenager, and became a model for his peers and a moral benchmark. As an adult, he was promoted to filial piety, became a taishou of the party, became a parent official, and was subsequently promoted to doctor. Such a life is perfect. He was famous for his filial piety, but in the end he died because of "filial piety". Because he was killed by Cao Cao at the age of 56 on the charge of "filial piety", he was Kong Rong.
Hole melting
Kong Rong, Ziwenju, a native of Qufu, Shandong. When Kong Rong was 4 years old, his father Kong Zhou went to the market to buy a bag of pears, I don't know if it was deliberately tested or how, his father actually let the 4-year-old him divide the pears. However, it is also the matter of dividing pears that makes Kong Rong famous in one fell swoop. Because kong rong when dividing the pears, only gave himself the smallest pear. This move, which did not seem to be in line with the thinking of ordinary people, made Kong Rong's father feel very surprised.
Therefore, Kong Rong's father asked him why he wanted to divide the time, and the 4-year-old Kong Rong replied that he was very old, he said: The brother is old, he should eat the big pear; he is still young, he should eat the small pear; and the younger brother is younger than himself, as an older brother, he should let the younger brother. Kong Rong's words surprised his father, who could not believe that it was said by a 4-year-old child. Subsequently, Kong Rong became famous because of this story of "letting pears", plus he was a descendant of the sage Confucius.
Hole melts to make pears
If making the pear is the prelude to Kong Rong's fame, then the next two things are the climax of his fame. When Kong Rong was 13 years old, his father Kong Zhu died, and Kong Rong was so sad that he cried so much that he could not walk. Such filial piety was highly praised by the Han Dynasty, which at that time respected Confucianism alone. When Kong Rong was 16 years old, his brother Kong Bao's friend Zhang Jian fled to his house for offending the eunuchs, and Kong Rong entertained Zhang Jianhaosheng. But the next day, Zhang Jian was arrested, and according to the laws of the Han Dynasty at that time, the prisoners were to be taken into custody.
Then, someone in Kong Rong's family must "pay the price" for this. Thus, there was a very touching scene, that is, Kong Rong and his brother Kong Bao were scrambling to bear the sin of sitting together. For such a situation of "one door fighting for death", coupled with the identity of Confucius descendants of the Confucius family, the imperial court chose to execute Kong Zhen at that time. Since then, Kong Rong has become a model of filial piety, and his reputation for filial piety has spread throughout the state, and even the whole world.
At this time, Kong Rong showed the world a good image of humility, benevolence and filial piety, and law-abiding. Subsequently, Kong Rong, who rose to fame, was held up as filial piety and began to embark on his own career. Kong Rong first served as an official in the dynasty for a while, but later because of a conflict with Dong Zhuo, he was sent by Dong Zhuo to Beihai County to serve as a Xiangguo. After that, Kong Rong gradually embarked on the road of "under the fame, in fact, it is difficult to be paired", and also responded to the sentence he said when he was a child, "The hour is over, and the big is not necessarily better."
During his tenure as a Beihai Xiangguo, Kong Rong did not examine the case according to the law, but judged the case with subjective assumptions. One day, Kong Rong passed by a grave and found a person crying sadly next to the grave. After some inquiry, Kong Rongfang knew that the father of the weeping person had just passed away, and this person was crying and mourning at the grave. Such a thing is actually the common sentiment of people. However, in the end, this person was executed by Kong Rong, a model of filial piety, with unkindness and filial piety, because although this person was in tears when he cried, there was no sadness on his face.
Subsequently, Kong Rong acted like a model of filial piety on the surface, but behind him was a selfish villain. He was first beaten by the Yellow Turban Yu Dang and fled, and then surrounded by Yuan Tan, the son of Yuan Shao in Hebei Province, in Qingzhou. Faced with the imminent danger of being inverted and hanging in the face of his family's old and young people and the people of the city, Kong Rong not only did not prepare for battle, but hid in the study alone to write. Subsequently, the city of Qingzhou was destroyed, and Kong Rong's wife, children, old and young were all captured, but Kong Rong was greased with oil on the soles of his feet, and ran to Cao Cao with a smoke.
Because Kong Rong was a model of filial piety, and because he was a descendant of Confucius, Cao Cao's attitude towards Kong Rong at the beginning was very good, and it can be said that Feng was a guest of honor and awarded Kong Rong the post of doctor. However, at that time, when Kong Rong was no longer a child, he no longer had a clear understanding and correct cognition of himself. For Cao Cao, Kong Rong was very unobtrusive. As a result, Kong Rong repeatedly humiliated Cao Cao in public. This made Cao Cao, a tyrant, very angry, but fortunately, Cao Cao did not want to kill him for the time being, so Kong Rong was able to live.
Cao Cao
Cao Cao forgave Kong Rong, but Kong Rong had no intention of "forgiving" Cao Cao. Later, when Cao Cao advocated the use of filial piety to govern the world, Kong Rong jumped out again and sang the opposite tune. As a model of filial piety, Kong Rong disregarded renren Gangchang and made a set of remarks that "parents are not worthy of respect, children are only to satisfy the father's lusts, and the mother's belly is just a container". He even said that in the event of a famine, if the father was not in good character, he would rather give food to others and let the father starve to death. ”
At this time, Cao Cao already hated Kong Rong extremely much, and "the external minister tolerated it and the inside was even more suspicious" was a good illustration of Cao Cao's psychology. Subsequently, Kong Rong and Cao Cao sang more and more opposites. Kong Rong first wrote a letter after Cao Pi abducted Yuan Xi's wife Zhen Mi (甄宓), and sarcastically wrote to Cao Cao as "the King of Wu who cut down the silk and gave himself the Duke of Zhou". Later, when Cao Cao implemented the prohibition of alcohol, in order to find Cao Cao's theory for satisfying his own appetite, he shouted that Cao Cao's prohibition of alcohol was to raise military food and wait for the opportunity to usurp the throne.
Everything can be one, two, not three. In the face of Kong Rong's insults, Cao Cao, who had repeatedly tolerated it, finally couldn't bear it. In the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208 AD), when Cao Cao was preparing to send an army to conquer Liu Biao in Jingzhou, in order to raise a fire for his own rear, he ordered his own army to falsely accuse Kong Rong of sacrificing wine, accusing him of "recruiting disciples, trying to misbehave, slandering the imperial court, and disobeying Chaoyi" and so on. Cao Cao almost executed Kong Rong, who was known for his filial piety, on the charge of "filial piety", and connected Kong Rong's entire family.
In this way, the 4-year-old Let Pear and the 13-year-old Kong Rong, who was famous for filial piety in the prefecture, were killed by Cao Cao for "no filial piety" at the age of 56.
Kong Rong's death
Kong Rong's example illustrates a problem very well, that is, even if a person is talented, he must always maintain a clear self-knowledge, correct self-knowledge and social cognition. Otherwise, after all, it will be "hours, big is not necessarily better", and even bring greater disasters to themselves and even their families.
References: Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zizhi Tongjian, etc.