What would be the historical trend if the Jurchens had not crossed shanhaiguan? Is the Han regime capable of unifying them by force? The answer does not need to be answered. Because they were no longer protected, at that time, Houjin was already strong, and if they did not enter the Central Plains but stepped onto the stage of history as the second great Golden State, it is difficult to say that China's existing territory is like this!
Therefore, we call the Chinese nation not the Chinese Han nationality, and all ethnic groups have made great contributions in defending their territory and expanding their territory. At that time, Wu Sangui entered the capital and there was no military sound, Chongzhen asked officials and rich people to donate, and finally only donated 300,000 taels far from Wu's 1.8 million, so Wu did not enter Beijing. From ancient times to the present, it is a truth that the wages of civil servants and institutions are far higher than the average wages of society, but they are one-sided and clamor for low wages, on the contrary, they say that the wages of migrant workers are high. If the country is in difficulty, no one will support the country like the Ming Dynasty.
This is because Chinese deeply influenced by Confucianism, and it is better to have more than less. When people call, they still only reason and do not fight back. Such a person in such a country is, in the eyes of the world, an unsociable coward. Thus, in the 19th century, immigrant countries such as the United States and Canada successively introduced Chinese exclusion laws specifically for Chinese immigrants. Now Vietnam is still occupying many of China's islands. Therefore, Confucianism is not suitable for the state, only for individuals.
Before entering the customs, there were 65,000 Manchu men, eight banners of the Han army and eight banners of Mongolia, all of which added more than 120,000. This is the record of the Manchu archives at that time, it seems that the Yongzheng period also mentioned the number of eight flags before sorting out the customs, mistaken the year, and took the five years of Shunzhi as if it was before, this matter is there, whether it is the Yongzheng period, I can't remember clearly. The Qing Dynasty can unify China, it can only be said that reunification, overthrowing the Ming is Li Zicheng, those who are engaged in literature and history will have this doubt, I have been doing historical work for decades, but also spent a few years in the history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is not surprising that the time is long, several problems, the peasant rebellion wave after wave, at the beginning it is easy to suppress.
Eleven years after Chongzhen, the wind direction changed, the officer army that won hundreds of battles became a hundred battles and hundreds of defeats, coupled with the mistakes of strategic planning, the Ming Dynasty collapsed in two years, Shanxi was a major defensive stronghold of the Ming officials' army, only Zhou Yuji led a few thousand people to fight two battles, other officers and troops such as Jiang Zhong, the peasant army did not plan to attack them, they took the initiative to send a surrender letter. Since then, the peasant army has marched all the way to Beijing, and has basically encountered no resistance. There were also hundreds of thousands of soldiers and horses in the four towns of the Southern Ming River, of which Gao Jie was the strongest, he wanted to resist the Qing soldiers, but was assassinated by the Ming general who planned to surrender the Qing troops. This is the direct reason, the Ming army does not want to fight for the Ming court, and no matter how many troops there are, it is useless. Many years ago, it was roughly calculated that during the Ming Chongzhen period and the situation of the generals of the Southern Ming Dynasty, that is, the generals of the unified army, it was close to 200, more than a hundred surrendered to the enemy, and 50 of them were really killed. Speaking of which, more than 100 million people have no cohesion, so what is the use? It's not surprising to think that way.
In the past, it was the family world, where there was a Han nationality, the concept of the Chinese nation, Zhu won the world, divided his descendants to go to various places as kings, the state took care of it, did not have to work, the result is more and more, the burden of the imperial court is getting heavier and heavier, the people's taxes are getting heavier and heavier, they can't live anymore, they will definitely rebel.
To lose to the Manchus is to lose to the Manchus, and you don't care why. For Mao is not Li Zicheng as emperor, for Mao is not Wu Sangui as emperor. The fundamental reason is that the common people in the imperial era did not have a concept of a country, a territory, and sovereignty. The country belongs to the emperor's own family, you give money, I help you fight, if you don't give money, why should I take my life for the sake of your family's property. For the people, whoever becomes emperor is the same, as long as I live my life as before.