With the arrival of waves of cold air, the temperature has also dropped significantly, and the cold winter is coming. So the strawberries at this time are in the flowering and fruiting period, which is the critical period of yield formation, how to scientifically water the strawberries in the shed at this time? What if strawberry yield and quality are guaranteed?
Because strawberries are shallow root crops, too much water is easy to cause root decay, serious will cause root rot, is not conducive to the growth of plants, light flowers and fruits, heavy dead seedlings. Therefore, in the winter shed watering, generally is better dry than wet, follow the principle of no shortage of watering, keep the rhizosphere soil moisture content of about 60-80%, avoid too much and too frequent watering, especially large water flood irrigation, watering is best combined with fertilization. In this way, while meeting the needs of strawberry growth, it can prevent the temperature in the shed, the temperature of the shed from decreasing, the humidity from increasing, and breeding diseases and insect pests.
First, how to water the most reasonable after entering the winter?
1, greenhouse strawberries before heat preservation, should be watered once, buckle the greenhouse, to meet the requirements of the large amount of nutrient growth of strawberries after the filming, and then should be appropriately watered according to the soil moisture.
2. Sufficient water supply should be ensured from bud to early flowering, otherwise the flowering period will be shortened, and the petals will not unfold in the calyx and show wilting, which will also affect the transportation of calcium fertilizer in the body, and the plant is prone to calcium deficiency after lack of water.
Calcium-deficient petals appear wilted
3, the fruit expansion period of water demand is larger, if there is a lack of water at this time, it will affect the fruit expansion, low yield, but too much watering in this period will also produce a lot of harm, if soft, the fruit is easy to rot. Because the expansion period is basically in the low temperature period, the soil moisture in the shed evaporates slowly, and the water demand is correspondingly small, so the amount of watering cannot be too large, dripping into the ditch has flowing water, the interval period can be appropriately lengthened 7-8 days, if the weather turns from sunny to cloudy, the water volume should be gradually reduced, the interval time is appropriately lengthened, and the soil water holding capacity in the shed is maintained at about 80% (that is, the soil is held into a ball, squeezed hard and cannot squeeze the water, and it is laid down and scattered at the waist).
Expansion stage
4. The fruit harvesting period needs to be properly controlled by water to increase the color and sugar content of the fruit. The soil water holding capacity in the shed can be maintained at about 60%.
Second, a few precautions for watering
1. Arrange the watering time reasonably. It is better to take the morning after 10:00 a.m. and before 3:00 p.m., when the shed temperature is high, and it is necessary to avoid early morning and evening watering to prevent strawberry frost damage. It is not advisable to water on rainy days, snowy days or in the evening. Usually, you should pay attention to the weather situation forecast for one week, and ensure that there are 2-3 sunny days after watering, so as to avoid rainy weather after watering, resulting in increased humidity in the shed and the ground temperature drop. In the first two days after watering, the shed temperature can be raised to 28-30 ° C at noon, and the shed can be bored for 1 hour to increase the temperature in the shed. Then increase the amount of ventilation, moisture drainage and cooling.
2. Pay attention to regulating the water temperature. The suitable ground temperature for the growth of strawberry roots is about 20 °C, the length of the roots below 15 °C becomes slower, and the nutrient absorption below 10 °C is limited (especially the absorption of phosphorus), so it is necessary to reasonably control the soil temperature. When the temperature is low, affecting the absorption of mineral nutrients by the root system, resulting in the lack of inorganic nutrients in the plant, the weak activity of photosynthetic enzymes, the limited photosynthesis of the plant, the lack of organic nutrition, and the lack of inorganic nutrition and organic nutrition, the disease resistance of the plant itself is also poor.
Therefore, the irrigation water should be preheated in the shed first, and then watered when the water temperature is close to the ground temperature, it is best not to directly use the river water, reservoir water and cold water irrigation in the pond, you can use the method of water storage and heating, that is, build a reservoir in the greenhouse or put in several large barrels, first increase the temperature of the water through the reservoir and then water, after watering, close the small or even close the vent, so that the temperature in the shed reaches more than 28 ° C, and stable for 1-3 hours. To raise the ground temperature.
3. It is recommended to drip irrigation and water, and avoid flood irrigation. Drip irrigation and watering, save trouble, save time, save labor. Changing the watering of ordinary ridges and ditches to sub-membrane drip irrigation can increase the ground temperature by about 5 °C and reduce the air humidity by about 10%, thereby reducing the occurrence of wet-loving diseases such as gray mold.
Drip Irrigation Watering - Picture from Cai Hui Juan Berry Friend
Spit water
Finally, through the summary of production practice, whether strawberries need water is not entirely dependent on the water content of the soil, and the important indicator to judge whether it should be watered is to see whether the strawberry leaf edge in the shed "spits water" in the morning. If there are water droplets at the edge of the leaf, that is, the phenomenon of leakage or spitting, it can be considered that the water is sufficient and the root system absorption function is strong. No need to hydrate.