By the time ancient Egypt began to collapse, it was already one of the oldest civilizations in the world, and its early origins were hidden in the shadows of ancient history. Egypt was a giant of its contemporaries when considering its pure age, but for centuries this mighty nation faced many challenges, many of which threatened to destroy it completely and again, and the pharaohs managed to put their civilization back on their feet until it was simply impossible to face internal conflicts and economic setbacks and the rise of new and powerful enemies. Ancient Egypt entered a period of sharp decline in just a few centuries, and its memories that were overwhelmed by the unstoppable passage of time faded away.
The first major history of Egypt began with an early dynasty, beginning around 3100 BC. With the success of agriculture in the fertile valleys of the Nile, the power of this civilization grew. Egypt enjoys abundant resources, which contributed to its rise. History tells us that a nation's golden age cannot last, and the challenges from drought to war arise again and again. They have always withstood and transformed into new eras of prosperity, but each of these challenges will weaken Egypt step by step. Historians agree that the reign of the controversial pharaoh Akhenaten, beginning in 1353 BC, was a period when ancient Egypt could never be fully restored. The old polytheism was abandoned, and instead a new religion was adopted called the Atten religion. This unique Amarna period also underwent dramatic changes, with the pharaohs building a new capital for themselves along the Nile and transferring power from the city of Thebes, changes that were unacceptable to the common people and cost Egypt economically. Instability, unrest, and declining levels of power were noted in the decades that followed, most importantly the Hittite Empire, which came to power and was uncontrolled during the reign of Akhenaten. This disturbing period was eventually overcome by generations, and ancient Egypt once again rose to a lofty position. During the reign of Pharaoh Ramses II, this powerful leader successfully subdued the Hittites in the young Battle of Kadishi in 1274 BC, bringing peace and once again consolidating his state power. But many signs suggest that this period of respite was only a brief pause.
Egypt slowly declined decades after the defeat of Ramses II's new enemy, and a disturbing egyptian integrity was drawn to other countries. The Libyan Berbers began to wreak havoc on its western border, and the infamous maritime peoples who invaded from the Aegean Sea rose to the challenge, and many believed that Pharaoh Ramses III was the last great leader of Egypt's new kingdom. He lost much of his territory in Canaan, and the Libyan tribes returned again. Prolonging the ongoing conflict for some time in these difficult wars. Egyptian society was victimized by grave robbers, civil unrest was raging, and corruption and famine were widespread. After the death of Ramses III, the land experienced a series of droughts, and many of his sons were caught in a long and painful battle for the throne. By the time Ramses XI ascended the throne, he was already in trouble and had so little influence that Egypt was effectively ruled by the upper echelons. An important factor in Egypt's decline was the huge loss of national wealth caused by the ongoing war, which required complex campaigns and massive spending to repel all invaders, which almost depleted the national treasury. The Assyrian Empire invaded Egypt, which began in the 7th century BC. He conquered Egypt in a very short time, and this powerful empire swept the entire region. Due to the instability of the Nile, the river initially caused the suffering of low water levels and droughts, but later in its decades, the water level of the Nile Rose and flooded crops, causing severe famine to the people who depended on it. Many historians agree that the Nile contributed the most to the demise of ancient Egypt in 653 BC. The Assyrians were expelled from Egypt by Pharaoh Somtik I and the Greeks, and after Egypt was under Greek influence, mercenaries he hired spread rapidly from the city of Nokritis in the Nile Delta, and the Assyrians left Egypt.
Around 525 BC, a new enemy emerged, the mighty Persian Empire. Persia began to rule Egypt, and Persian hegemony in Egypt lasted roughly until 332 BC. Later a bold and powerful figure emerged in history, and Alexander the Great conquered Egypt. Regarded as a liberator and a great hero, he built a new, sprawling city in Alexandria that became a place of great cultural development and a regional center of art and learning, but this golden age was also an important step forward. After Alexander's death, ancient Egyptian culture was Hellenized to a certain extent, and their gods slowly merged with the greek and hieroglyphic gods, and the writing system gradually gave way to the Greek alphabet. Despite their efforts to preserve the culture of the Egyptians, they still faced internal conflict and an unstable political situation that attracted the mighty Roman Empire, which depended on him. After the defeat of Cleopatra VII, Egypt's last Ptolemaic ruler, 30 BC bc, there was fierce competition for the import of grain and other goods from Egypt, a once powerful civilization that was now a province within the Greater Roman Empire, when ancient Egyptian civilization was actually a thing of the past. Ancient pharaohs and monuments are obscure antiquities of the past, and the great deeds of the old dynasties, the construction of the Great Pyramids and the core history of Egypt, have been forgotten and preserved only in the writings of scholars.
By the first century AD and the arrival of Christianity, 2600 years after the creation of the Great Pyramids, the Romans rapidly Romanized Egypt, and the language and writing of Egypt were disappearing. When Christianity arrived in this land, its adherents were gradually eliminated, the temples of the ancient Egyptian gods were no longer used, some were converted into Christian churches, while others were simply abandoned and buried by the sand of time.