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What should I do if I have infectious diarrhea?
If the symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea are mild, you can go to the pharmacy to buy oral rehydration salts and take them according to the instructions to prevent dehydration. (See more home travel medications for diarrhea).
If oral rehydration salts are not available, it is also possible to drink homemade sugar brine in the ratio of 1,000 ml of water plus 20 g of white sugar to 3.5 g of table salt [10].
If you have more diarrhea (6 times a day or more), as well as symptoms such as fever, joint swelling and pain, and mental weakness, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time [11].
How to prevent infectious diarrhea in daily life?
Do not drink raw water. Most bacteria and viruses are not tolerant of high temperatures, and drinking boiled water can effectively prevent infectious diarrhea.
Pay attention to hand hygiene. Wash your hands with hand sanitizer or soap before eating and after going to the toilet; when sharing food, try to use tableware or disposable gloves, and don't touch the surface of food directly with your hands to prevent "fecal-oral transmission".
Refrigerators, cutting boards and utensils should be carefully separated from raw and cooked to avoid cross-infection.
Raw fruits and vegetables should be soaked and washed; rhizomes and fruits (such as potatoes and water chestnuts) must be peeled. For fruits such as bayberry that may have parasites, soak it with a little salt for 3 to 5 minutes, and then rinse it with water.
Meat, eggs, milk, etc. are cooked thoroughly or sterilized as much as possible and eaten.
Don't eat at street stalls with poor hygiene, and eat less cold dishes and meat grilled food outside.
When traveling, pay attention to personal hygiene, it is best not to eat raw vegetables outside, and avoid contact with cattle, sheep and other animals.
Review expert: Jiang Weimin
Chief Physician of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
bibliography
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[6]https://rehydrate.org/diarrhoea/tmsdd/1med.htm
[7]http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/smallgut/diarrhea.html
Tong Shi. Epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infectious diarrhea[J]. Journal of Rational Use of Clinical Drugs, 2019, v.12(26):151-152.
[9]https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/symptoms-causes/syc-20351397
Wang Lan,Zhang Zhufeng,Wang Chunxiao. The application effect of self-made oral salt supplement in the preparation of intestinal examination in the elderly[J].Qilu Nursing Journal, 2010(3).
[11] Regina LaRocque. Treatment of acute diarrhea in adults in resource-rich areas. Clinical Consultant at UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.cn/contents/zh-Hans/approach-to-the-adult with-acute-diarrhea-in-resource-rich-settings. (Assessed on May 8, 2018).
[12]https://www.who.int/china/news/detail/02-04-2015-world-health-organization-focuses-on-china-s-food-safety
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