Characters and stories of the Two Jin Dynasties and The Southern and Northern Dynasties (68) - Huan Xuan and Huan Chu

Huan Xuan (桓玄) (369 – 404 CE), a native of Longkang County (谯国谯谯) (present-day Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province), was the son of Huan Wen (桓溫), the eastern Jin Dynasty's chancellor Huan Wen, and the founding emperor of Huan Chu. Huan Xuan was huan wen's youngest son, who was favored by Huan Wen since childhood, Huan Wen controlled the imperial government for more than thirty years during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and even wanted to usurp the throne in his later years, so after Huan Wen's death, although Huan Chong (Huan Wen's brother) commanded the Jingzhou army and took over the Yangzhou Assassination History, Huan Xuan attacked the Duke of Nan County, but the imperial court still had a great wariness of the Huan clan, until 391 AD, the twenty-three-year-old Huan Xuan was appointed as the crown prince to wash horses, and then served as the Taishou of Yixing (present-day Yixing, Jiangsu), Huan Xuan did not look at this kind of official position at all. He abandoned his official and returned to his fiefdom of Nan Commandery (南郡, in modern Jiangling, Hubei) to wait for the opportunity, passing through Jiankang on the way, and sima Daozi, the ruling chancellor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, caused Huan Xuan to be strongly dissatisfied after drinking, and huan Xuan was determined to inherit his father's business and overthrow the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

After the Battle of Shuishui, Xie An was jealous and ostracized by other forces, and the power of the dynasty fell into the hands of Sima Daozi, and Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, in order to balance Sima Daozi, supported Empress Wang's brother Wang Gong (Taiyuan Wang), after the death of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, his son Sima Dezong succeeded to the throne, Sima Daozi in order to win Huan Xuan, sealed Huan Xuan's history of Guangzhou, Huan Xuan deeply hated Sima Daozi, how could he be with him, so Huan Xuan did not go to office. In 397 CE, Shangshu Zuo's servant Wang Guobao (a traitor in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, although xie an's son-in-law, but because of his misconduct, Xie An did not give him a heavy responsibility, so he defected to Sima Daozi), the Jianwei general Wang Xu relied on the ruling huiji king Sima Daozi, in an attempt to reduce the forces of Qingzhou and Yanzhou assassin Wang Gong, in an attempt to weaken the forces of various parties, Huan Xuan persuaded The Jingzhou assassin Shi Yin Zhongkan to raise an army to attack the kingdom treasure, unite with Yuzhou assassin Shi Yukai and NanJun Yang Qi, and push Wang Gong as an ally, Yin Zhongkan worried that there was no support from the emperor. In turn, wang gong was transferred out of Jingzhou by Wang Guobao and others, and finally Wang Gong took the initiative to raise troops to dispel Yin Zhongkan's concerns, so several parties raised troops together, sima Daozi, in order to quell the chaos, pushed the blame to Wang Guobao, captured and executed Wang Guobao, and then sent envoys to apologize to Wang Gong, and Wang Gong then withdrew his troops and returned to Zhenjingkou, in the process, Yin Zhongkan and Huan Xuan never carried out substantive military operations.

Sima Daozi was also very jealous of Wang Gong and Yin Zhongkan's military strength because of this rebellion, so he promoted Sima Shangzhi and Sima Xiuzhi to be his confidants. In 398 CE, Sima Daozi appointed sima Wang Yu as the assassin of Jiangzhou, and assigned the four counties of Yuzhou, which had originally been the governor of Yukai, to Wang Yudu, which made Yu Kai very dissatisfied, Yu Kai protested but Sima Daozi refused to withdraw the order, yu Kai then joined forces with Wang Gong to attack Sima Shang's brothers, in case they used the power of the dynasty to weaken the town of Fan succeeded, Wang Gong agreed and informed Yin Zhongkan and Huan Xuan, and elected Huan Xuan as the leader of the alliance. With the experience of the previous time, Yin Zhongkan also believed that Wang Gong would definitely succeed this time, so he actively participated in the battle, and as a result, Wang Gong's second rebellion was completely defeated due to the defection of his subordinate Liu Gaozhi, Yu Kai was defeated by Sima Shangzhi and defected to Huan Xuan, Wang Gong was killed, Yin Zhongkan was in Wuhu, Huan Xuan and Yang Yu withdrew to CaiZhou (蔡州, in modern Jiangning County, Jiangsu Province) and continued to confront the imperial army. After that, Sima Daozi planned to lure Huan Xuan and Yang Qi, causing the two to turn against Yin Zhongkan but failed, Yin Zhongkan, Yang Qi, and Huan Xuan formed an alliance again, pushing Huan Xuan as an ally and not being ordered by the dynasty, the imperial court was greatly frightened by this, only to issue an edict to appease, and finally Yang Zhongkan, Huan Xuan, and Yin Zhongkan all accepted the imperial orders, each returned to the town, and the second rebellion was quelled.

In 399 AD, the Eastern Jin Dynasty broke out the Sun En peasant revolt, the whole country was in chaos, Huan Xuan muddy the waters, destroyed the previous allies Yin Zhongkan and Yang Qi, into the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, in 400 AD, Huan Xuan asked the imperial court to lead Jingzhou (present-day Jiangling, Hubei), Jiangzhou Erzhou (present-day Xiangyang, Hubei) assassination history, the imperial court ordered Huan Xuandu governor Jiang Jingyong Qin Liang Yiyang Prefecture Yu Bazhou military, later generals, Jiangzhou thorn history, Huan Xuan also took Huan Wei as the history of Yongzhou thorn history, the imperial court because of Sun En's rebellion was overwhelmed and could not take care of Huan Xuan, Huan Xuan then took the opportunity to appoint his henchmen in Jingzhou, train soldiers and horses, and repeatedly requested revenge on Sun En, but was stopped by the imperial court. Since then, the power struggle in the Eastern Jin Dynasty has become a struggle between Sima Daozi and Huan Xuan.

In 401, Sun En attacked Jingkou and approached Jiankang, Huan Xuan claimed that King Qin had raised an army, and Sima Yuanxian, after Sun En's rebel army left, ordered Huan Xuan to withdraw to Jiangzhou immediately, but Huan Xuan did not withdraw his troops, but instead made a large-scale military mobilization. In 402, the imperial court made Sima Yuanxian the governor of Dadu, and the general Liu Gaozhi was made the forward governor, and sent an army to attack Huan Xuan, Huan Xuan first defeated and captured Sima Shangzhi of Yuzhou, and captured Liyang (present-day Anhui Province and County), and liu Gaozhi, the forward governor of the imperial army, was also worried that after defeating Huan Xuan, he would not tolerate Sima Yuanxian, and even led the Beifu soldiers to surrender to Huan Xuan, and Sima Yuanxian's momentum was gone. After Huan Xuan entered Jiankang, he blackmailed Tianzi to order the princes, and successfully seized the military power of Beifu and exiled Sima Daozi to Ancheng County, and a few months later Huan Xuan sent people to kill Sima Daozi, Sima Yuanxian, Sima Shangzhi and others.

After Huan Xuan entered Jiankang, he was in charge of state affairs, and was appointed to serve zhongzhong and supervise all chinese and foreign military forces, cheng xiang, Lu Shang Shu shi, and Yangzhou Mu, with Huan Wei as the Assassin of Jingzhou, Huan Xiu as Xu, Yan Erzhou As the Assassin History of Yan'erzhou, Huan Shisheng as the Assassin of Jiangzhou, Bian Fanzhi as Danyang Yin, huan Qian as The Left Servant of Shangshu, and assigned huan clans and cronies to serve in internal and external positions, and soon Huan Xuan appointed himself as a lieutenant, a general of Pingxi, a governor of various Chinese and foreign militaries, a yangzhou mu, and a governor of The History of The Assassin of Yuzhou. In 403, Huan Xuan added his own crown to the emperor's specification of the Twelve Emperors (liu), with Princess Chu as the queen and Chu Shizi as the crown prince, Bian Fanzhi wrote the edict of Zen and ordered Sima Bao, the king of Linchuan, to force Emperor Jin'an to copy, and in the same month, Situ Wang, Fengxi, ceded the throne of Emperor Jin'an to Huan Xuan, and then moved Emperor An of Jin to Yong'an Palace, and on December 3, Huan Xuan officially ascended the throne as emperor, and renamed Emperor Jin'an the Prince of Pinggu, and soon moved to Xunyang.

Huan Xuan

After Huan Xuan came to power, he deposed the traitors and promoted the use of handsome men, and the people all thought that they could live a stable life, but the results were not long, and soon Huan Xuan was exposed in his original form, arrogant and extravagant, wandering and playing all night, causing the people's minds to change, at this time, the old generals of the Northern Prefecture, Liu Yu, He Wujie, and Liu Yi, raised volunteers to fight Against Huan Xuan. In 404, Liu Yu and others raised troops at Jingkou (present-day Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province) and Guangling (present-day Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province), and Huan Xiu and Huan Hong, who were guarding both the town, were killed. Liu Yu led the rebel army to defeat Huan Xuan's subordinates Wu Fuzhi, Huan Qian, He Yuanzhi, Bian Fanzhi, etc. all the way, because Most of Liu Yu's soldiers were from the Beifu Army, and their combat effectiveness was explosive, coupled with Liu Yu's deathly battle, this road basically did not encounter any resistance and won the victory, Huan Xuan escaped from Jiankang, held Jin'an Emperor Xi hostage and walked back to the old nest Jiangling, Feng should persuade Huan Xuan to fight again, but Huan Xuan refused, wanted to defect to Liang Prefecture to assassinate Shi Huanxi, the next day there was chaos in Jiangling City, Huan Xuan and hundreds of his henchmen set out, and as a result, they were killed on the way to Yizhou.

Huan Chu (403–405 CE)

With the huanxuan fiefdom in the ancient chu state, the former state name was Chu, and the capital Jiankang (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu), also known as Huanchu.