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Hello everyone, I am the Pippi shrimp selected by the first Positive Da Wing. Recently chatting with a friend who grows tomatoes, he talked about the recent stubble of tomatoes are good in size, that is, the amount is not enough, and it is not sold at a price; after cutting the fruit, it is found that the fruit is rare, serious and even almost hollow. In fact, this is also a more common physiological disease in tomato cultivation, mainly due to improper management, today I will take this opportunity to tell you about it.
We can think of the growth of tomatoes as a process of advancing layer by layer, and only when the first step is successfully completed can we advance to the second step. The development of the fruit begins with pollination and fertilization, that is to say, only when the pollen tube differentiation and ovulum fertilization are carried out smoothly, the later fruit can be synthesized normally, and the excessive low temperature (below 12 ° C), too high temperature (above 35 ° C) or weak light in the flowering period will affect the above process, resulting in hollow fruit fruit.
Secondly, the synthetic period of the fruit is mainly in the tomato seedling stage and the full fruit stage, when the tomato needs a lot of nutrients to ensure the normal growth of all parts of the fruit. Whether there is a problem at any step in the supply, transportation and absorption of nutrients, it is easy to appear hollow fruit. If the night temperature is too high at the seedling and fruiting stages, it will lead to the growth of branches and leaves of the plant, thus competing for the nutrients that should have been allocated to the growth of the fruit, resulting in insufficient nutrition of the fruit and resulting in hollow fruit.
Therefore, we must pay attention to the temperature management of the above period, and the flowering period is 20-25 ° C during the day and 15-20 ° C at night as the most suitable temperature. During the development of tomato fruit, it is best to control the temperature below 28 ° C, and the night temperature is controlled between 12-17 ° C.
Different fertilizers have different tendencies, such as nitrogen fertilizers or humic acid, fulvic acid and other high hormone content fertilizers are often to promote the growth of tomato branches and leaves, while phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are mainly supplied to the growth and development of fruits. Moreover, there is actually a competitive relationship between leaf growth and fruit growth, and the overly strong side will rob a large amount of nutrients, resulting in the weakening of the other side. Therefore, we need to fertilize with different tendencies according to different periods.
Before flowering, increase the natural organic fulvic acid or mineral-derived humic acid series plus calcium fertilizer to promote root growth; from the peak of fruiting, reduce the application of nitrogen fertilizer, and gradually increase the amount of potassium fertilizer. When the tomato fruit is as large as a walnut, potassium fertilizer should be added in time to avoid malnutrition due to the lack of fertilizer. In addition, appropriate foliar sprays of potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used to fully supplement the required fertilizer.
In addition, improper use of plant hormones will also cause hollow fruit, mainly due to plant hormones causing the fruit to develop faster and ripen early, while the fetal seat has not yet developed into a hollow fruit. Such as the concentration of point anthers is too high, the concentration or time is not used properly, etc. Therefore, we must use plant growth regulators appropriately to grasp the concentration and time. When using fertilizers, try to choose multi-functional fertilizers and use fertilizers that contain no or little hormones.
In addition to the above two points, tomato varieties also have a certain impact on the hollow phenomenon. Generally, the number of ventricles in early maturing varieties is small, and the number of hollow fruits is easy to occur, and the number of ventricles of late-maturing varieties is large, which can prevent the occurrence of hollow fruits. Therefore, if the hollow fruit phenomenon is more serious, you can consider changing the tomato varieties with a large number of ventricles, such as Opel II.
In addition, the tomato planting process often strengthens the ventilation and light transmission of the plant through the management method of leaf picking, but some farmers will have improper operation, such as removing the leaves below the three-spike fruit early when the fruit has not yet changed color. In the later stage of growth, due to poor nutrient supply or leaf mold disease and other diseases, the photosynthetic ability decreases, the photosynthetic products are reduced, the nutrients that supply fruit growth are insufficient, and the hollow fruit occurs more.
Conclusion: Before the tomatoes are officially picked, it is not easy to find the existence of hollow fruits. But only when we can detect the problem as soon as possible can we take timely measures to reduce losses. Here is a little trick to teach you, that is, the hollow tomato fruit is often ribbed on the surface, not round, and the shape is larger, as shown in the figure above. If we observe such tomatoes in the orchard, we can pick them and cut them for examination, and then develop other healthy fruits in time.