Friends who pay attention to rural development, some people may have heard of Professor Wen Tiejun, and now due to the further development of videos on the Internet, Professor Wen also has his own special number on the headlines, interested friends can pay attention to it!
Why do you want to talk about Professor Wen Tiejun today? This starts with a book that Huang Huaihong read, "Eight Crises".
The book "Eight Crises" is a book written by Teacher Wen Tiejun after spending more than thirty years through a large number of social investigations and summarizing.
The book focuses on the various crises that China has experienced from the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China to the modern era, using an ideological, non-controversial attitude of right and wrong, and describing in detail the entire development process of the countryside!
To tell the truth, before Huang Huaihongda read this book, although he lived in the countryside for more than forty years, although he is no longer only dependent on the land to obtain income and maintain his livelihood, he still thinks that he is still a person who understands farmers and agriculture.
However, after reading Teacher Wen Tiejun's "Eight Crises", I understood that some of my previous understanding was still very one-sided, experts are experts after all, people have been working in the agricultural field for decades, and their explanations and views on some issues are indeed beyond us ordinary people.
Reading through the whole text, I finally understand that China's industrialization came about, so what is China's industrialization?
At the beginning, everyone unanimously recognized that "independence" and "modernization" are the core tasks of modern China. Independence is easy to understand, modernization is more complicated, but there is no doubt that industrialization is the core of modernization.
Well, Elder Wen said: Industrialization is a process of "increasing the density of capital and excluding labor."
Opening a factory, buying equipment, recruiting workers, starting with a large amount of money; finding channels, finding markets, and then selling, but also spending money, while making money; equipment maintenance, technological upgrading, and then have to spend money. As a factory, I have a deep understanding - "opening the door is money", in the words of our people: "Drink cold water to get money!" ”
What should we do if we, an agricultural country that has been in agriculture for thousands of years, now want to industrialize?
Elder Wen said that industrialization is a process of continuous density of capital, in order to achieve our industrialization, we can only find money, we have just founded the country, poor and white, the family is not thick, then we can only go outside, borrow money to develop our own industry!
Some people will say, that is not ok, looking for external capital, is not in conflict with the goal of "independence"? No matter how much it is, isn't it borrowed money, and the borrowed money can still rise to the point of losing independence?
borrow!
Because industrialization is constantly increasing, if you want to borrow money, you have to borrow a lot of money, but also continue to borrow, rolling borrowing, to be good, your capital chain will be broken, then you will die a miserable death!
The vast majority of industries are unlikely to recover the initial investment in the short term. I borrow you a million, buy land, buy equipment, buy materials, recruit workers, and then open the factory, you just started work for a year, I let you pay back this million, you will certainly not be able to pay it back, you can only sell the factory, sell land, sell equipment.
At the beginning of development, there is no factory, bull gas to invest a million a year, you can earn a million out!
Some people will say, then I will borrow money? At this time, the Lord who borrowed your money said, "Shall I add some conditions to the capital Lent to you?" If the conditions are too harsh, you may say: Lao Tzu does not borrow!
So what about me adding conditions to half of your factory opening? ------- You see, there is a conflict with independence, right?
Finally decided, in order to ensure independence, the money does not lend you anymore, I borrow someone else's! Borrow your little money and pay you back!
Borrowed money should be invested in it, industrialized products have not yet made one, half a dime has not been earned, take what to pay back?
Is the land sold for return? That's not okay, the land can just be taken back after fighting for the old life, this can no longer be given to others casually!
Our people mine, plant land, cut down trees, and then sell them to you. But most minerals can only be mined by large-scale mining equipment or sustained industrial investment.
In order to engage in industrialization, fight, then I farm, raise chickens, sell rice, eggs to give you the top account! Agricultural countries sell some agricultural products, and they don't need industrial investment, right? Can I always change some capital to let me do industry?
Yes, that's right. But brother, you think well, agriculture without industrial support is a natural economy, and the yield is very low. Your little rice and eggs have to be sold until the Year of the Monkey and the Moon of the Horse to start a factory?
Then I will let my brothers eat less! Save some grain to sell to you, enough to repay your money, right?
Brother, don't forget that at the beginning I told you: industrialization is a process of capital densification, this is a process, can not be stopped casually. How long do you plan to make farmers eat less?
------ eat less until my industrialization can start self-circulation!
Well, the story of the first thirty years is over.
The sufferings of hundreds of millions of people and the stories of treachery are also told.
This is Elder Wen, he uses his calm words, gives you one question and answer question after another, lets you take the logic and slowly deduce it, if you use your heart to deduce, you will definitely have the answer.
Many times, you look at this answer and feel uncomfortable, you look back at the derivation process, you always feel that there is another way to solve the problem. But no matter how many times I come back, it seems to be the answer.
It is said that "Eight Crises" is a book that interprets China's modern agriculture, but it is better to say that it is a game book engaged in social governance, you can put yourself into this game, and play one role after another in the game, and finally you will get an unexpected, but deeply experienced answer!
Write at the end:
In order not to change the meaning of the original text, I specially excerpt some of the original text of "Eight Crises" and encourage friends!
P113 The response to the trend of urban interests transfers costs to township enterprises. This is manifested in the need to cede raw materials and markets on the grounds of developing the coastal economy and reducing public investment in the countryside. The result is that the rural economy and consumption have been artificially suppressed, resulting in insufficient domestic demand, and since then the entire national economy has shifted, driven from domestic demand to an export-oriented economy.
P114 Under the constraint of the basic institutional contradictions of China's urban-rural dualistic structure, different interest subjects in urban and rural areas have difficult scriptures, and they all need to have their own interests represented in the government. However, for a long time, the influence of urban interest representatives in the governments located in cities and their decision-making was far greater than that in rural areas.
It is true that China has only entered the tide of global capitalization after completing the game of primitive accumulation of industrialization and then joining the competition of industrial capital expansion, and the whole process, although painful, is not special. One needs to understand peacefully that under the pressure of vulgar politics, where politicians around the world have to express the legitimacy of power by economic growth, this objective process of 60 years in contemporary China is almost a "had to" choice.
Now there are some old lectures on the Internet, it is recommended that interested friends have time to read it!